A influência do sorriso gengival no vedamentos labial

Ideally the smile should expose minimal gingival, therefore patients with gummy smile and passive eruption altered or excessive marginal gingivae, usually excessive gingival display because incomplete anatomical crown exposure is present. If the maxillary incisor show at rest is optimal, active upper incisor intrusion should not be iniciated. To achieve a smile with minimal gingival exposure, the anatomic crown should be fully exposed by surgical crown lengthening. Precise determination of the location of cementoenamel junction prior to surgery, precise placement of incisions and correct establish of biological width are necessary in order to achive this goal. One protocol is decribed and clinical results from 15 brazilian subjects, after three years post surgery are showed

Resposta ao atendimento fonoaudiológico a crianças com paralisia cerebral em uso de sondas para alimentação

A diversidade de alterações fonoaudiológicas em crianças paralisadas cerebrais que utilizam sondas para alimentação torna necessário um estudo que avalie a relação das alterações antes e após intervenção fonoaudiológica. O Objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a resposta ao atendimento fonoaudiológico em crianças com paralisia cerebral em uso de sondas para alimentação. Trata-se de ensaio clínico randomizado duplo cego, com 37 crianças, entre três meses e quatro anos, com paralisia cerebral, utilizando sondas enterais para a alimentação, sem via oral, divididas em dois grupos. O Grupo Intervenção – atendimento fonoaudiológico terapêutico, e o Grupo Controle – tratamento fonoaudiológico placebo. Nos órgãos fonoarticulatórios, foram avaliados lábios, língua, dentes, bochechas e palato e nas funções estomatognáticas, observou-se respiração, sucção, mastigação, deglutição e fala. Após um mês, as crianças foram reavaliadas. Os resultados mais relevantes foram: Grupo intervenção: 50% iniciou alimentação pela via oral. Sensibilidade de língua, palato, lábios e bochechas, mais de 50% normalizaram. Sucção não-nutritiva, 50% organizaram o padrão de sucção, e mais de 70% melhoraram ritmo, pressão intra-oral, vedamento labial e freqüência. Deglutição, 50% passaram a deglutir normalmente. Grupo controle: não houve melhora em relação ao início da via oral, vedamentolabial e sucção não nutritiva. Sensibilidade de língua, bochechas, palato e gengivas – mais de 80% permaneceram iguais. Deglutição, 15,7% pioraram quanto ao ruído. Não foi identificado outro estudo nacional para avaliar a atuação fonoaudiológica em crianças paralisadas cerebrais comparadas quanto ao atendimento. Houve melhora no grupo intervenção, enquanto o outro permaneceu sem modificação na maioria das variáveis. Os resultados obtidos podem contribuir para o trabalho fonoaudiológico junto às crianças que utilizam sondas para alimentação e também contém informações importantes, podendo despertar o interesse para o início de novas e mais completas pesquisas que visem ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o tema proposto.

Identification of trail pheromone compounds from the labial glands of the stingless bee Geotrigona mombuca

Foragers of several species of stingless bees deposit pheromone spots in the vegetation to guide recruited nestmates to a rich food source. Recent studies have shown that Trigona and Scaptotrigona workers secrete these pheromones from their labial glands. An earlier report stated that species within the genus Geotrigona use citral from their mandibular glands for scent marking. Since convincing experimental proof for this conjecture is lacking, we studied the glandular origin of the trail pheromone of Geotrigona mombuca. In field bioassays, newly recruited bees were diverted by artificial scent trails that branched off from the natural scent trail deposited by their nestmates only when they were baited with extracts from the foragers` labial glands. Compounds extracted from the mandibular glands, however, did not release trail following behavior. This demonstrates that the trail pheromone of G. mombuca is produced in the labial glands, as in Trigona and Scaptotrigona. Furthermore, in chemical analyses citral was identified exclusively in the foragers` mandibular glands, which disproves its supposed role as a trail pheromone. The labial glands contained a series of terpene- and wax type esters, with farnesyl butanoate as major constituent. We, therefore, postulate that the trail pheromone of G. mombuca is composed of a blend of esters.

Ablation of caterpillar labial salivary glands: technique for determining the role of saliva in insect-plant interactions.

There has been an ardent interest in herbivore saliva due to its roles in inducing plant defenses and its impact on herbivore fitness. Two techniques are described that inhibit the secretion of labial saliva from the caterpillar, Helicoverpa zea, during feeding. The methods rely on cauterizing the caterpillar's spinneret, the principal secretory structure of the labial glands, or surgically removing the labial salivary gland. Both methods successfully inhibit secretion of saliva and the principal salivary enzyme glucose oxidase. Caterpillars with inhibited saliva production feed at similar rates as the untreated caterpillars, pupate, and emerge as adults. Glucose oxidase has been suggested to increase the caterpillar's survival through the suppression of inducible anti-herbivore defenses in plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves fed on by caterpillars with ablated salivary glands had significantly higher levels of nicotine, an inducible anti-herbivore defense compound of tobacco, than leaves fed upon by caterpillars with intact labial salivary glands. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) leaves fed upon by caterpillars with suppressed salivary secretions showed greatly reduced evidence of hydrogen peroxide formation compared to leaves fed upon by intact caterpillars. These two methods are useful techniques for determining the role that saliva plays in manipulating plant anti-herbivore defenses.

Analyse de l'angle naso-labial

Nous avons analysé l'angle naso-labial et les différents facteurs qui l'influencent, chez des patients de 9 ans ± 1,4. Nous avons obten u une valeur moyenne de 115,30 ± 10,8. L'inclinaison et la position de l'incisive supérieure et l'angle ANB constituent les facteurs osseux et dentaires qui ont la plus grande répercussion sur l'angle naso-labial. Le sexe et l'age n'ont pas eu d'influences statistiquement significatives sur les résultats. L'incompétence labiale s'est avérée etre la cause d'un angle plus aigu

Analyse de l'angle naso-labial

Nous avons analysé l'angle naso-labial et les différents facteurs qui l'influencent, chez des patients de 9 ans ± 1,4. Nous avons obten u une valeur moyenne de 115,30 ± 10,8. L'inclinaison et la position de l'incisive supérieure et l'angle ANB constituent les facteurs osseux et dentaires qui ont la plus grande répercussion sur l'angle naso-labial. Le sexe et l'age n'ont pas eu d'influences statistiquement significatives sur les résultats. L'incompétence labiale s'est avérée etre la cause d'un angle plus aigu

Diagnóstico Pré-Natal de Fenda Labial e Palatina: Experiência de 40 Casos

Objetivos: avaliar casos de fenda facial fetal quanto ao tipo de lesão, associação com outras malformações e aneuploidias. Métodos: as fendas faciais foram estudadas quanto a idade materna e antecedentes, idade gestacional no diagnóstico, lado da lesão, tipo de lesão, presença de malformações associadas e/ou aneuploidias, mortalidade e seguimento pós-natal. Resultados: em 40 fetos com fenda, a lesão era labial pura em 18 casos (45%), labiopalatina em 19 (47,5%) e palatina em 3 (7,5%). Em 10 casos a fenda era isolada (25%), todas unilaterais. No grupo de malformações associadas, a aneuploidia esteve presente em 10/30 (33,3%). A lesão labiopalatina predominou neste grupo (18/30 - 60%), seguida por fenda bilateral (8/30 - 26,7%) e mediana (10/30 - 33,3%). Conclusões: as fendas faciais constituíram excelente marcador para malformações associadas e aneuploidias fetais. Casos de fendas faciais devem ser encaminhados para centros especializados para que se realizem adequados exames ultra-sonográfico e genético tecendo em seguida a conduta. O caráter isolado da fenda facial esteve associado a excelente prognóstico.

Aplicação do retalho labial superior para a correção cirúrgica da hipertrofia de pequenos lábios

OBJETIVOS: descrever técnica cirúrgica para tratamento da hipertrofia de pequenos lábios com a utilização do retalho labial superior. MÉTODOS: no período de maio de 1998 a julho de 2002, 10 pacientes com hipertrofia de pequenos lábios foram submetidas à redução do excesso pela ressecção do segmento inferior com incisão em "L". A incisão transversal vai da borda externa do lábio em direção à carúncula himenal e a incisão longitudinal parte dali até próximo à fúrcula. A borda do retalho superior é rebaixada para se fechar o defeito causado pela ressecção inferior. RESULTADOS: com período médio de 45 dias após a cirurgia as pacientes estavam satisfeitas com o aspecto estético e funcional. Não houve mudança na sensibilidade local. Apenas 2 casos apresentaram complicações: um caso de equimose perineal e outro com deiscência unilateral parcial precoce do retalho. Não foram observados casos de infecção, necrose e deiscência tardia. CONCLUSÃO: a utilização do retalho superior para correção de hipertrofia de pequenos lábios produz bom resultado estético e funcional, com poucas complicações e de fácil resolução.

Sediment genotoxicity and its relationship to the frequency of chironomid labial plate deformities

Sediment samples were taken from seven locations in the WeIland River in December 1986 and April 1987. The DMSO extracts of these sediment samples showed a significant (plabial plate deformities (over 1000 individual specimens were observed) . The samples from station D-l showed the highest frequency of chironomid labial plate deformities (10 . 9% ± 3.2%), while samples from the upstream control (station A) displayed t,he lowest frequency of deformities (3.8% ± 1.3%). All samples were coded to avoid unconscious biases . The results of the genotoxicity study indicated that station D-l in the WeIland River was contaminated with genotoxic materials. The genotoxic materials may have induced the observed increased frequency in chironomid labial plate deformities . Samples from stations C and D-l, located in a downstream portion of the river bounded by an industrialized area were slightly toxic according to -the alkaline phosphatase inhib_ii~ion component of the 50S chromotest analyses. The toxicity of these samples was only evident once they had been activated by the 59 (liver extract) mixture.

Importancia de la significación: aportaciones a la utilización de la lectura labial en niños sordos.

Abordar la importancia que tiene la vía auditiva en el desarrollo normal e integral del individuo y por lo tanto conocer la importancia que tiene el lenguaje como medio de comunicación y de relación en la sociedad. 23 niños, de un centro provincial destinado a la educación con déficits auditivos, cuyas edades oscilan entre 7 y 14 años. Se trata de hacer un análisis de los resultados obtenidos con el consiguiente apoyo estadístico. Una de las variables son los items con sentido, a través de los cuales se pretende apreciar el componente semántico y fonético, una segunda variable la componen los items sin sentido cuya finalidad reside en analizar el componente fonético exclusivamente, la tercera variable constituyen a las frases que trataría de medir el aspecto morfosintáctico especialmente. Prueba experimental. Una prueba realizada a los niños bajo tres vertientes: items con sentido, items sin sentido y frases y otra prueba hecha a los maestros para ver la incidencia del vocabulario en la comprensión del lenguaje en cuento a la técnica de la labio lectura. 1) La principal dificultad con la que se encuentra el niño sordo es que en la vida ordinaria no se utiliza un lenguaje ordenado, ni se mencionan todos los elementos y esto le hace distanciarse un poco debido a la dificultad de captación. 2) Respecto a las oraciones condicionales también tienen un alto porcentaje de errores, no cabe duda que ya encierran en sí dificultad y todavía mucho más para estos niños que tienen una recepción tan reducida. 3) En cuanto a los índices léxicos, preposiciones, conjunciones, si se tiene en cuenta la importancia del significado, se puede decir que informan muy poco a la persona sorda. 4) El niño sabe distinguir una frase insólita de la original, no se fija detenidamente en el género de la frase, el verbo no presta a confusiones y sobre todo que la presencia del sujeto es fundamental junto con el contenido ideológico. 5) En base a la escolarización, se debe insistir en los primeros cursos, sobre el vocabulario, el conocimiento de conceptos, ya que esto precisamente constituye el soporte material que el niño va a necesitar para una mejor comprensión de construcciones más complejas en cursos superiores. 6) Teniendo en cuenta el objetivo marcado , han quedado establecidas unas pautas que pueden servir como punto de referencia para posibles investigaciones más complejas.

Phonological short term memory in deaf children fitted with a cochlear implant : effects of phonological similarity, word lenght and lipreading cues. 'La memoria fonológica a corto plazo en niños sordos con implante coclear : efectos de la similitud fonológica, la longitud de la palabra y la lectura labial'.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación. Resumen en español

Orientaciones para la educación del niño con deficiencia auditiva : entrenamiento auditivo y lectura labial.

Orientaciones para la educación del niño con deficiencia auditiva en dos direcciones: el entrenamiento auditivo y la lectura labial. A través del entrenamiento auditivo se busca alcanzar la mayor funcionalidad posible de los restos. Se analiza la necesidad de un entrenamiento para conseguir el desarrollo, el aparataje existente, las etapas de este entrenamiento así como su desarrollo en el aula de integración. Con la lectura labial el niño sordo tiene que entender al resto de miembros parlantes de la sociedad. Se analiza en qué consiste la labio-lectura, así como los mecanismos, limitaciones y factores que influyen para posteriormente exponer algunas estrategias y entrenamientos que consigan el desarrollo de esta capacidad.

Efeitos da respiração em freno-labial sobre os volumes pulmonares e o padrão de hiperinsuflação dinâmica em pacientes com asma

Objectives: To evaluate how to develop dynamic hyperinflation (DH) during exercise, the influence of pursed-lip breathing in (PLB) on breathing pattern and operating volume in patients with asthma. Methods: We studied 12 asthmatic patients in three moments: (1) anthropometry and spirometry, (2) submaximal incremental cycle ergometer test in spontaneous breathing and (3), submaximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer with PLB using the Opto-electronic plethysmography. Results: Evaluating the end-expiratory lung volume (EEV) during submaximal incremental test in spontaneous breathing, patients were divided into euvolume and hyperinflated. The RFL has increased significantly, the variation of the EEV group euvolume (1.4L) and decreased in group hyperinflated (0.272L). In group volume observed a significant increase of 140% in Vt at baseline, before exercise, comparing the RFL and spontaneous breathing. Hyperinflated group was observed that the RFL induced significant increases of Vt at all times of the test incremental baseline, 50%, 100% load and 66% recovery, 250%, 61.5% and 66% respectively. Respiratory rate decreased significantly with PLB at all times of the submaximal incremental test in the group euvolume. The speed of shortening of inspiratory muscles (VtRcp/Ti) in the hyperinflated increased from 1.6 ± 0.8L/s vs. 2.55 ± 0.9L/s, whereas in the RFL euvolume group ranged from 0.72 ± 0.31L/s vs. 0.65 ± 0.2L/s. The velocity of shortening of the expiratory muscles (VtAb/Te) showed similarity in response to RFL. In group hyperinflated varied vs. 0.89 ± 0.47 vs. 0.80 ± 0.36 and ± 1.17 ± 1L vs. 0.78 ± 0.6 for group euvolume. Conclusion: Different behavior in relation to EEV in patients with moderate asthma were observed, the HD and decreased EEV in response to exercise. The breathing pattern was modulated by both RFL performance as at home, making it more efficient

Recidiva de câncer labial em pacientes atendidos no hospital DR. Luiz Antônio (Natal-RN) entre 1997-2004

Introduction: Cancer of the lip is very common in tropical countries, being noticeable the squamous cell carcinoma as the main histological type. Objective: Evaluate the socialdemographic profile, habits, occupation, clinical characteristics of the cancer lesions and the aftermath of treatment of the patients treated on the Luiz Antônio Hospital (Natal-RN). Design: Retrospective cohort. Methods: We analyzed 181 medical records of patients from the Luiz Antônio Cancer Hospital (Natal-RN) in the period between 1997 and 2004. The statistic evaluation of time between the diagnosis and the relapse or the cure of the patient were done through the Kaplan-Meier method and the comparison of survivor functions were done through the Log-rank test. Later, was estimated the proportional risk model of Cox. Results: The study population were composed by 69,1% males, 95,2% unlettered, the mean age of 66,5 years, 89,0% of smokers and 64,1% had an occupation involving sun exposure. In regard to the clinical characteristics, most lesions were in the lower lip (77,9%), the size of the tumor was smaller than 2 cm (51,8%), 92,6% had localized lesions. Were verified 16,3% of local relapse and 13% of regional. Almost the totally of the cases corresponded to squamous cell carcinoma (97,2%). We observed smaller accumulated probability of not occurrence of local relapse when the base and borders were free of lesions (p=0,041), as well as a smaller probability of regional relapse when the sort of treatment was surgery, associated with other therapeutics modalities (p=0,001). The patients with advanced pathologic stage (p=0,016), treated with surgery associated with other therapeutics modalities (p=0,001) and diameter above 4cm (p=0,019) presented a bigger possibility of any kind of relapse. The multivariable analysis pointed the complex treatments (surgery plus other therapeutics modalities) as a predictor variable for occurrence of new local lesions (p=0,001) and total (p=0,046), besides the age above 70 years to the regional relapse (p=0,050). Conclusion: Cancer of the lip occur in the lower lip, in males, smokers and individuals exposed to Sun light. The relapse was frequent, even being localized and without great consequences to the patient s health. The probability of relapse is related to the size and borders of the lesion and to the histological exam, as well as to the patient s age and complexity of the treatment chosen

Aneurysm of the Superior Labial Artery

This is a case report of a true and dissecting aneurysm of the superior labial artery in a 51-year-old patient without risk factors for vascular pathology. The patient complained of swelling of the upper lip, mostly on the left side. A Doppler ultrasonography was used in the diagnosis. The definitive treatment was surgical resection, and the histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis. The progress of the patient was satisfactory, leaving a slight change in sensitivity in the area. This seems to be the first reported case of true and dissecting aneurysm of the superior labial artery in the medical literature.