The uncanny valley, notes on the realism of “living” creatures in digital games and their relationships with the player

Neste artigo argumenta-se que as simulações numéricas fomentam e exploram relações complexas entre o jogador e o sistema cibernético da máquina que com este se relaciona através da jogabilidade, ou seja, da real aplicação às regras de jogo de tácticas e estratégias usadas pelo participante durante o seu trajecto na aplicação lúdica. Considera-se que o espaço mágico imposto pelo tabuleiro de jogo é mais do que um espaço de confusão entre real e artificial mas antes se apresenta como uma cortina ou interface entre o corpo próprio do participante e a simulação digital inerente ao sistema computacional.

NEW NOTES ON ""THE UNCANNY""

NEW NOTES ON ""THE UNCANNY"" The present paper expands the horizon of meanings associated with the concept of ""the uncanny"" (usually taken as an allegory for the return of the repressed). The narrative condition of the uncanny (or the experience of the limits of the ego), its relation to the primitive constitution of the psyche, the aspect of repetition, as well as its association with the ""fetish"" and the ""relic"" will be focused. It is our understanding that the concept of the uncanny should receive more attention from the psychoanalytic community. In fact, more attention and developments have been given to it from subjects as Linguistics, Literary Studies, Philosophy and Aesthetics, in general, than from Psychoanalysis itself Besides reflecting the neurotic functioning, the opposition homely/un-homely (uncanny) also refers to more primitive distinctions, such as self/not-self and inside/outside. The paper also addresses the romance The sea of fertility, by Yukio Mishima, so as to point out a singular aspect of the reading experience. Finally, the ideas of the fetish and of the relic will be analyzed from the point of view of the uncanny.

Theory, the uncanny and the sacred

This paper examines the related but different concepts of the uncanny and the sacred. Drawing on two cases – one fictional and one real – and using Žižek’s Symbolic-Real-Imaginary as an organising frame, the paper analyses how the uncanny and the sacred are connected. It then proceeds to examine the role of theorising in sacralising the uncanny and profaning the sacred. Finally, it briefly discusses how theory might be re-enchanted.

The Uncanny Thing : Paranoia and Claustrophobia in The Thing and “Who Goes There?”

This essay examines the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia as elements of horror in John Campbell’s novella “Who Goes There?” (1938) and John Carpenter’s film-adaptation of said novella, called The Thing (1982). The novella and the film utilize the lack of trust and reliability in between the characters as elements of fear as well as supernatural elements in the form of a monster. This essay focuses on the different parts of the story running through both versions, mainly the setting, the characters and the monster, to show how the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia are used throughout these as elements of fear and horror. With the help of Sigmund Freud’s concept of the uncanny, as well as other sources, this essay argues that while the monster plays an important role throughout the story, the threats created by the paranoia and claustrophobia are equal to the monster itself.

The Uncanny in the Themes of Evil, Transgression and the Double in Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Rappaccini's Daughter"

El propósito de este artículo consiste en explorar los mecanismos y representaciones de lo siniestro en "La hija de Rappacci" de Nathaniel Hawthome como expresión del mal dentro de los límites del género gótico del siglo XIX; como expresión del tema del doble en tres personajes humanos y en uno no humano que aparecen en el cuento; y como expresión de trasgresión en el personaje principal, Giovanni Guasconte. El concepto de lo siniestro que se usará será el de la teoría psicoanalítica, siguiendo especialmente los aportes de Sigmund Freud y Jacques Lacan. The purpose of this artide is to explore the mechanisms and representations of the uncanny in Nathaniel Hawthome's "Rappaccini's Daughter" as an expression of evil within nineteenth century Gothic boundaries; as an expression of the theme of the double in three human characters and in one non-human component of Rappaccini's garden; and as an expression of transgression in Giovanni Guasconte, the main character. The concept of the uncanny to be used will be that of psychoanalytic theory, especially reliant on the contributions on the topic by Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan.

Homesick for the unheimlich: back to the uncanny future in Alien: Isolation

In 2014 Sega released Creative Assembly’s Alien: Isolation, a video game sequel to the 1979 film Alien. As an attempt to create both an authentic homage to the Alien franchise and a credible successor to Ridley Scott’s original film, Alien: Isolation was received as both a work of remediated nostalgia and as a deeply uncanny survival horror. This article discusses Alien: Isolation framed by theories of the uncanny (the unhomely) and of nostalgia (the homely), with the aim of revealing how the production design of the game reconciled these seemingly contradictory but nonetheless overlapping aesthetic qualities. By drawing on examples from Alien: Isolation’s visual and level design, this article discusses how the integration of nostalgic and uncanny qualities could be of value to horror and sci-fi game design, in particular to the development of sequels within existing franchises, and to remediations, remakes and reboots.

‘Uncanny’ repetitions in Lillian Hellman’s 'The Children’s Hour'

This article addresses Lilian Hellman’s The Children’s Hour in terms of “the uncanny,” that is as a play concerned with doubling and instability. Although this is not in itself an original approach the play, it is claimed that the unsettling iterations of the work can be understood to extend further than has been read within the handful of critical accounts thus far produced. In following Sigmund Freud’s “The Uncanny” and Judith Butler’s ‘Imitation and Gender Insubordination” in their understanding of the disruptive effects of retrospection and repetition, the article works through various threats to identity and structure in Hellman’s play, concluding with a questioning account of recent moves to situate the work within a contextual frame of performance history.

Resonance of Unseen Things : Poetics, Power, Captivity, and UFOs in the American Uncanny /

'The Resonance of Unseen Things: Power, Poetics, Captivity and UFOs in the American Uncanny' offers an ethnographic meditation on the “uncanny” persistence and cultural freight of conspiracy theory. The project is a reading of conspiracy theory as an index of a certain strain of late-20th century American despondency/malaise, especially as experienced by people experiencing downward social mobility. Written by a cultural anthropologist with a literary background, this is a deeply interdisciplinary project that focuses on the enduring American preoccupation with captivity in a rapidly transforming world. Captivity is a trope that appears in both ordinary and fantastic iterations here, and this book shows how multiple troubled histories—of race, class, gender and power—become compressed into stories of uncanny memory.

Narrating the guillotine: Punishment technology as myth and symbol

The work of Michel Foucault sees modern penal technology its ann expression of power that operates through and is motivated by a dry instrumental reason. This article draws upon Durkheim and Bakhtin to advance a radically alternative approach. It is suggested that such technology is invested with sacred and profane symbolism and is understood via emotionally charged, dramatically compelling narrative frames. Tensions between official and unauthorized discourses can be understood through a center/periphery model of culture. In an extended case study of the guillotine, it is shown dial the apparatus was initially legitimated as an expression of a sacred revolutionary code. Such a discourse was subsequently destabilized by popular medical debates that raised the specter of pain after decapitation. While inconclusive, these new motifs mobilized Gothic and grotesque themes that confronted the rationalist aesthetics of the guillotine. A situation of Bakhtinian hetoroglossia eventuated. Uncertainty, the uncanny and fable entered a discursive field of increasing complexity.

Heidegger's tragic Greeks : the relation between presence and deinon

Martin Heidegger's interpretation of the ancients was born out of something like a crisis in the interpretation of the Greeks, which can be characterized as nothing other than the realization of the idea that the Greek philosophers put a serious question mark over existence. This idea, which had its germination in Prussia with Jakob Burckhart and his teacher, but first came to be seriously cultivated in the Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, was the first in depth investigation into whether the Greeks, on the one hand, questioned existence or, on the other hand, put a question mark over existence. To question existence is rather innocuous, since it amounts to little more, in the end, than a child looking up at the stars and asking what it all means. To put a question mark over existence, however, is another business entirely. For the Greeks, as the life work of Martin Heidegger amply demonstrates, the nature of Greek thinking and the objects towards which it is directed follows so absolutely from the tragic view of the human person that, in a certain sense, philosophy is Greek and could only have developed in Greece. Perhaps stating it a little less categorically, philosophy could have developed elsewhere at least to the extent that something like they way the Greeks understood life was at the forefront: presence, in other words. This thesis deals with the problem ofHeidegger's relation to the Greeks, specifically in terms of his understanding of the Greeks and presence. It is the position of this dissertation that the Greek notion of presence is, as Heidegger understands it, the homeliness of the hearth that radiates through all the things that humans concern themselves with. This is thought by Heidegger, as the Greeks did, specifically in contrast with the uncanninesslunhomeliness of the hqrnan apart from his or her concern with things. Therefore, the thesis is an attempt at exposing the relation between presence and the unhomely by situating it withing Greek existence and the meaning of the Greek Philosopher. In order to support this position, the thesis has been divided into five parts. The first two chapters deal with Heidegger's explanation of the relation between Greek notion of physics (Phusis), metaphysics (specifically in relation to an analysis of time and motion in Greek thought), and what Heidegger calls the fundamental attunement of Dasein (boredom). More exactly, it deals with these issues only so far as they allow us to bring out something like the notion of 'presence' in relation to things and homelessness or restlessness in relation to the human being. The rationale for these two chapters in relation to the central problem of the paper is that in Heidegger's elucidation of physics and metaphysics, he conducts his analysis in such a way that he explicitly uncovers that dimension of human existence that he calls the fundamental attunement of Dasein. This fundamental attunement is, in tum, similar to what the Greeks understood as the deinon, the uncanninesslunhomeliness of the human. The third and fourth chapters take as their explicit themes the problem of the Greek understanding of the assertion and the ways in which the person can comport himlherself toward things, two issues which are not separable. The rationale for these two chapters in relation to the central theme of the paper is that Heidegger's analysis of these two areas in Greek thought brings out precisely why the philosopher and the philosophical way of life is the highest mode of existence for the Greeks and how this is thought specifically in tenns of the uncanniness of humans. The final cijapter gives a complete elucidation of presence as the homeliness of the hearth and shows specifically how this is thought of in contradistinction to the uncanny/unhomely for the Greeks. 1I1 This last chapter also explains Martin Heidegger's reaction to the Greek's interpretation of the highest mode of existence, and what he posited as a counter-thought. The essay as a whole is an attempt to fully concertize an important dimension of Heidegger' s understanding of the Greeks, that is, the relation between presence and the deinon or Greek notion ofunhomely, which, to my la)owledge, has not been offered anywhere in commentaries on Heidegger.

Uncanny Valley revisited

The 'Uncanny Valley' was conceived in 1970 by Prof Masahiro Mori and details a possible relationship between an object's appearance or motion and how people perceive the object. Initially this research was used without validation. Modern technology has enabled initial investigations, summarised here, that conclude further work is required. A good design guideline for humanoid robots is desired if humanoid robots are to assist with an increasingly elderly population, but not yet possible due to technological constraints. Prosthetics is considered a good resource as the user interaction is comparable to the anticipated level of human-robot interaction and there is a wide range of existing devices.

Harry Potter and the Theory of Things

This thesis investigates the boundaries between body and object in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, seven children’s literature novels published between 1997 and 2007. Lord Voldemort, Rowling’s villain, creates Horcruxes—objects that contain fragments of his soul—in order to ensure his immortality. As vessels for human soul, these objects rupture the boundaries between body and object and become “things.” Using contemporary thing theorists including John Plotz and materialists Jean Baudrillard and Walter Benjamin, I look at Voldemort’s Horcruxes as transgressive, liminal, unclassifiable entities in the first chapter. If objects can occupy the juncture between body and object, then bodies can as well. Dementors and Inferi, dark creatures that Rowling introduces throughout the series, live devoid of soul. Voldemort, too, becomes a thing as he splits his soul and creates Horcruxes. These soulless bodies are uncanny entities, provoking fear, revulsion, nausea, and the loss of language. In the second chapter, I use Sigmund Freud’s theorization of the uncanny as well as literary critic Kelly Hurley to investigate how Dementors, Inferi, and Voldemort exist as body-turned-object things at the juncture between life and death. As Voldemort increasingly invests his immaterial soul into material objects, he physically and spiritually degenerates, transforming from the young, handsome Tom Marvolo Riddle into the snake-like villain that murdered Harry’s parents and countless others. During his quest to find and destroy Voldemort’s Horcruxes, Harry encounters a different type of object, the Deathly Hallows. Although similarly accessing boundaries between body/object, life/death, and materiality/immateriality, the three Deathly Hallows do not transgress these boundaries. Through the Deathly Hallows, Rowling provides an alternative to thingification: objects that enable boundaries to fluctuate, but not breakdown. In the third chapter, I return to thing theorists, Baudrillard, and Benjamin to study how the Deathly Hallows resist thingification by not transgressing the boundaries between body and object.

O estranhamente familiar na obra de Attilio Colnago

Esta dissertação investiga o unheimlich – em português, 'estranhamente familiar' -, conceito psicanalítico desenvolvido por Sigmund Freud, em obras que fazem parte de 4 (quatro) séries do trabalho do artista plástico Attilio Colnago: "Do Retorno às Meias Verdades", “10 + 1 Perigosas Maneiras de Amar", "Minas das Liberdades Gerais" e "Diálogos com a Paixão". Aproxima as obras do artista – já tão conhecidas por seus aspectos principais tais como a presença da figura humana, os espaços interiores, o sagrado em um contraponto com o profano, e as memórias – do estranhamente familiar. Para tanto, pesquisou-se a bibliografia ligada ao tema, que teve como ponto de partida o ensaio de Freud de 1919, "Das Unheimliche", – traduzido para o português como "O Estranho" – e prosseguiu-se através de escritos de outros autores que se interessam pelo conceito de estranhamente familiar, trazendo-o para a contemporaneidade e associando-o a outras áreas do conhecimento, entre eles Nicholas Royle, Anneleen Masschelein e Anthony Vidler. Com base na teoria estudada foram selecionadas, dentre as séries escolhidas, as obras mais significativas em relação ao tema para serem analisadas. Busca-se desvendar e analisar um lado ainda não investigado da obra do artista e ao mesmo tempo mostrar a importância de se estudar o conceito de estranhamente familiar no campo das artes plásticas.

Imaginaires de la filiation : la mélancolisation du lien dans la littérature contemporaine des femmes

Cette thèse s’intéresse à un changement de paradigme dans l’imaginaire de la filiation tel qu’il est donné dans la littérature des femmes et les écrits du féminisme. L’hypothèse de travail est la suivante : à l’imaginaire d’une filiation déployée uniquement dans la latéralité des liens sororaux, se substitue au tournant des années 1990 un imaginaire mélancolique de la filiation, corollaire de la posture d’héritière désormais occupées par les auteures et penseures contemporaines. Parallèlement au développement d’une troisième vague du féminisme contemporain, la France et le Québec des années 1990 ont en effet vu naître ce qui est qualifié depuis peu de « nouvelle génération d’écrivaines ». « Premières », à l’échelle de l’histoire de la littérature des femmes, « à bénéficier d’un riche héritage littéraire féminin » (Rye et Worton, 2002 : 5), les auteures appartenant à ces « nouvelles voix » s’avèrent en effet doublement héritières, à la fois d’une tradition littéraire au féminin et de la pensée féministe contemporaine. Alors que la génération des années 1970 et du début des années 1980, se réclamant en un sens des discours d’émancipation des Lumières (liberté, égalité, fraternité), refusait l’héritage des générations antérieures, imaginant une communauté construite dans la sororité et fondée sur le meurtre des figures parentales, la génération actuelle n’est plus, quant à elle, dans la rupture. Située dans l’appropriation du passé et de l’histoire, elle réinvestit l’axe vertical de la généalogie. Or, c’est dans un récit familial mortifère ou encore lacunaire, morcelé, troué par le secret, ruiné par le passage du temps, toujours en partie perdu, qu’avancent les auteures, tout en questionnant le généalogique. Celui-ci ne s’entend pas ici en tant que vecteur d’ordre ou principe d’ordonnancement hiérarchique, mais se pose plutôt comme un mouvement de dislocation critique, « dérouteur des légitimités lorsqu’il retrace l’histoire des refoulements, des exclusions et des taxinomies » (Noudelmann, 2004 : 14) sur lesquels s’est construite l’histoire familiale. En d’autres termes, l’interrogation filiale à l’œuvre chez cette génération héritière participe d’une recherche de l’altérité, voire de l’étrangement, également présente dans les écrits théoriques et critiques du féminisme de la troisième vague. Cette thèse, en s’étayant sur l’analyse des récits de femmes et des écrits féministes publiés depuis les années 1970 – moment qui coïncide avec l’émergence de ce qu’il est désormais convenu d’appeler le féminisme de la deuxième vague –, a ainsi pour objectif de cerner les modifications que connaît l’imaginaire de la filiation à travers ce changement de paradigme. À l’aune de cette analyse menée dans la première partie, « De la sororité aux liens f(am)iliaux. Imaginaires de la filiation et représentations du corps », il s’agit, dans les deux parties suivantes intitulées « Des fantômes et des anges. La filiation en régime spectrale » et « Filles et mères, filles (a)mères. La filiation en régime de deuil » et consacrées plus précisément à l’étude des récits sélectionnés, de dégager les modalités filiales explorées par les auteures depuis le tournant des années 1990.