A tabela periódica: um recurso para a inclusão de alunos deficientes visuais nas aulas de química

Nowadays there are many reasons that aim to include people with special necessities, like those with visual deficiency, in the world of work, education, and in the society as a whole. However it is observed that when we talk about schooling inclusion, especially in High School, there is a huge gap between the theory and the practice. The lack of didactic resources, the inadequate installations, unprepared teachers, the families´ lack of information, are some of the factors that hinder the process of inclusion. Furthermore, the educators also have to deal with the roughness of the disciplinary contents and, refering to the study of Chemistry, with the use of signals related to this subject´s language. So, the objective of our research is to reflect about the apprehension of this language by the visually handicapped people, and try to contribute with their process of inclusion in the school life. On this perspective we work with the Periodic Table, which constitutes one of the indispensable tools necessary to the Chemistry learning. In order to acomplish it, the way followed by us happened in three passages. Initially, by means of a semistructured interview, we tried to get acquainted with the blind students opinion, who were participating in the research about the Periodic Table used by them throughout High School, as well as the dificulties felt when using it. After getting the answers, the Table was reelaborated to fill those students´necessities. Here, two new Tables were designed, one in Braille which shape is more compacted, and another made with high printed dots, built with sand and glue. On the third moment, the new designed Tables were tested by the students and, by means of a semi-structured interview, we tried to identify if this new resource would solve the problems concerned to the old Table. The students showed that the compacted Tables would facilitate the touch reading of the chemical elements simbols, making it clear and fast. We hope that, with the elaboration of this learning tools we can contribute with one of the elements to favor the effective participation of blind students in Chemistry classes, when studying the Periodic Table

Tabela periódica dos herbicidas.

Tabela periódica dos herbicidas: nome comum; Marca Comercial; Mecanismo de ação.

Potencialidades do uso de visualizações para a aprendizagem do tema Tabela Periódica

Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Física e de Química no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Tabela periódica

Este item é parte de um conjunto de modelos produzido pela equipe do Laboratório de Objetos de Apredizagem (LOA)/UFSCar para o jogo LabTecA

A abordagem da tabela periódica na formação inicial de professores de química

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Estudo de caso: do desenvolvimento a aplicação de um jogo computacional para o ensino da tabela periódica

The chemistry is a science little adored by students, because it is a modeling science. The study in chemistry needs a little of abstraction to be able to view something that can not being viewed, that is why chemistry uses many models and tools. The periodic table is a tool useful, but complicated to be understood, where many students end up just decorating for a test, and losing interest in class. The use of ludic games is a way to facilitate the teaching-learning process, because a game has rules to be followed, so the student will get involved to the content to be studied in addition to having to respect rules. Therefore, it is needed that teachers make their lectures more attractive for their students. This work has analyzed an alternative method for teaching the periodic table using basic computer resources, in order to propose a ludic game to a different class, seeking to get the students attention in order to facilitate the understanding of the content

Estágio pedagógico em contexto educativo

O presente relatório, elaborado no âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino de Física e de Química no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, pretende descrever, de forma crítica e contextualizada, todo o trabalho desenvolvido pela professora estagiária no decorrer da prática de ensino supervisionada realizada durante o ano letivo de 2011/2012. A referida prática de ensino decorreu na Escola Secundária João de Deus e na Escola do Ensino Básico 2,3 Dr. Joaquim Magalhães, em Faro, sob a Orientação Científica da Professora Doutora Maria de Lurdes Cristiano, na Componente de Química, e do Professor Doutor José Longras Figueiredo, na Componente de Física, e Orientação Pedagógica do Dr. Rui Poeira e da Dr.ª Manuela Barros. No âmbito da Componente de Química, foi lecionada, ao 10º Ano de escolaridade e em dez tempos letivos, a subunidade “Tabela Periódica – organização dos elementos químicos” da Unidade 1 - “Das estrelas ao átomo” da disciplina de Física e Química A. Relativamente à Componente de Física, a prática de ensino integrou a lecionação, ao 9º ano de escolaridade e ao longo de dez tempos letivos, da subunidade “Circuitos elétricos” integrada na Unidade 2 - “Sistemas elétricos e eletrónicos da disciplina de Ciências Físico-Químicas. Em termos de estrutura, o presente relatório começa por abordar a atual política legislativa de formação inicial de professores e a importância da prática de ensino supervisionada. Seguidamente, e após uma breve caracterização das Escolas Cooperantes e das turmas em que foi desenvolvida a referida prática, apresentam-se os manuais escolares adotados, faz-se a análise dos programas e orientações curriculares e descrevem-se a planificação e condução das aulas para ambas as componentes, bem como as atividades extra-letivas concretizadas pelo núcleo de estágio. Por último, analisa-se reflexivamente todo o trabalho desenvolvido, incluindo os aspetos que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional da mestranda.

Influência das estratégias de avaliação contínua no rendimento escolar dos alunos

A avaliação contínua é um importante instrumento à disposição do professor. O presente trabalho estuda a medida em que um conjunto de conteúdos ministrados no 10º ano do ensino secundário, acompanhados de procedimentos baseados na avaliação contínua, pode contribuir para melhorar o desempenho e a aprendizagem relativamente a quatro elementos químicos da tabela periódica, nomeadamente o oxigénio, o hidrogénio, o carbono e o azoto. O trabalho será realizado em três turmas do ensino secundário. Os conteúdos programáticos relativos à “Tabela periódica-organização dos elementos químicos” a desenvolver nas três turmas serão os mesmos, mas ministrados por duas docentes distintas. Em duas das turmas, e durante quatro aulas, serão elaborados pequenos testes no início de cada aula sobre a matéria lecionada na aula anterior, que serão recolhidos e classificados pela docente por forma a averiguar uma esperada evolução. Nestas turmas as aprendizagens relativas a estes testes serão avaliadas de forma contínua. Na outra turma, turma de controlo, o programa será tratado da forma tradicional. No final proceder-se-á ao tratamento dos dados recolhidos e à elaboração das conclusões e de possíveis recomendações.

Estudo e desenvolvimento de um capacitor eletrolítico de nióbio

It seeks to find an alternative to the current tantalum electrolytic capacitors in the market due to its high cost. Niobium is a potential substitute, since both belong to the same group of the periodic table and because of this have many similar physical and chemical properties. Niobium has several technologically important applications, and Brazil has the largest reserves, around 96%. There are including niobium in reserves of tantalite and columbite in Rio Grande do Norte. These electrolytic capacitors have high capacitance specifies, ie they can store high energy in small volumes compared to other types of capacitors. This is the main attraction of this type of capacitor because is growing demand in the production of capacitors with capacitance specifies increasingly high, this because of the miniaturization of various devices such as GPS devices, televisions, computers, phones and many others. The production route of the capacitor was made by powder metallurgy. The initial niobium powder supplied by EEL-USP was first characterized by XRD, SEM, XRF and laser particle size, to then be sieved into three particle size, 200, 400 e 635mesh. The powders were then compacted and sintered at 1350, 1450 and 1550°C using two sintering time 30 and 60min. Sintering is one of the most important parts of the process as it affects properties as porosity and surface cleaning of the samples, which greatly affected the quality of the capacitor. The sintered samples then underwent a process of anodic oxidation, which created a thin film of niobium pentóxido over the whole porous surface of the sample, this film is the dielectric capacitor. The oxidation process variables influence the performance of the film and therefore the capacitor. The samples were characterized by electrical measurements of capacitance, loss factor, ESR, relative density, porosity and surface area. After the characterizations was made an annealing in air ate 260ºC for 60min. After this treatment were made again the electrical measurements. The particle size of powders and sintering affected the porosity and in turn the specific area of the samples. The larger de area of the capacitor, greater is the capacitance. The powder showed the highest capacitance was with the smallest particle size. Higher temperatures and times of sintering caused samples with smaller surface area, but on the other hand the cleaning surface impurities was higher for this cases. So a balance must be made between the gain that is achieved with the cleaning of impurities and the loss with the decreased in specific area. The best results were obtained for the temperature of 1450ºC/60min. The influence of annealing on the loss factor and ESR did not follow a well-defined pattern, because their values increased in some cases and decreased in others. The most interesting results due to heat treatment were with respect to capacitance, which showed an increase for all samples after treatment

Síntese e caracterização de catalisadores de LaNiO3 não suportados e suportados em Al2O3 e ZrO2 para a reforma a vapor do metano

Ionic oxides with ABO3 structure, where A represents a rare earth element or an alkaline metal and B is a transition metal from group VIII of the periodic table are potential catalysts for oxidation and good candidates for steam reforming reaction. Different methods have been considered for the synthesis of the oxide materials with perovskite structure to produce a high homogeneous material with low amount of impurities and low calcination temperatures. In the current work, oxides with the LaNiO3 formula had been synthesized using the method of the polymeric precursors. The thermal treatment of the materials took place at 300 ºC for 2h. The material supported in alumina and/or zirconia was calcined at 800 ºC temperature for 4h. The samples had been characterized by the following techniques: thermogravimetry; infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; specific surface area; distribution of particle size; scanning electron microscopy and thermo-programmed reduction. The steam reforming reaction was carried out in a pilot plant using reducing atmosphere in the reactor with a mixture of 10% H2-Argon, a mass about 5g of catalyst, flowing at 50 mL.min-1. The temperature range used was 50 - 1000 oC with a heating rate of 10 oC.min-1. A thermal conductivity detector was used to analyze the gas after the water trapping, in order to permit to quantify the consumption of hydrogen for the lanthanum nickelates (LaNiO3). The results showed that lanthanum nickelate were more efficient when supported in alumina than when supported in zirconia. It was observed that the methane conversion was approximately 100% and the selectivity to hydrogen was about 70%. In all cases were verified low selectivity to CO and CO2

Estudo teórico das propriedades químicas e físicas envolvendo o elemento 118

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

Polimorfismo nos complexos de trietanolamina dos metais do quarto período

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo do efeito do modificador Al-Sr no tratamento de modificação do eutético da liga AA356

The AA356 alloy is an alloy widely used in the automotive industry and aerospace due to its excellent mechanical properties. Refining the structure of eutectic silicon aluminum alloys is a fairly common practice in the foundry through treatment known as modification. This can be achieved by modifying agent adding chemicals such as contained in groups I and IIa of the periodic table and rare earths (europium, céreioi, praseodymium, neodymium, etc.). Has the ability to modify the structure of the eutectic, but only sodium and strontium produce an action modifier strong when used in low concentrations. The modifying effect of the shafts turn silicon into a fibrous form and branched surrounded by metallic matrix in the form of a composite structure that has the highest limit of tensile strength, ductility and machinability. In this work will be obtained ingots with and without the modifier type Al-10% Sr, made in sand molds and are generated and analyzed cooling curves and also the study of the macrostructure and microstructure of the solidified material. It was found that by adding the Al-Sr made shorten the solidification time and lower the grain size

Estudo da sinterização e oxidação anódica na produção de um capacitor eletrolítico de nióbio

It seeks to find an alternative to the current tantalum electrolytic capacitors in the market due to its high cost. Niobium is a potential replacement for be lighter and cheaper than tantalum. They belong to the same table group periodically and thus exhibit several physical and chemical properties similar. Niobium is used in many technologically important applications, and Brazil has the largest reserves, around 96%. These electrolytic capacitors have high specific capacitance, so they can store high energy in small volumes compared to other types of capacitors. This is the main attraction of this type of capacitor because is growing demand in the production of capacitors with capacitance specifies increasingly high, this because of the miniaturization of various devices such as GPS devices, televisions, computers, phones and many others. The production route of the capacitor was made by powder metallurgy. The initial niobium poder was first characterized by XRD, SEM and laser particle size to then be sieved into particle size 400mesh. The powder was then compacted at pressure of 150MPa and sintered at 1400, 1450 and 1500°C using two sintering time 30 and 60min. Sintering is an important part of the process as it affects properties as porosity and surface cleaning of the samples, which greatly affected the quality of the capacitor. After sintering the samples were underwent a process of anodic oxidation (anodizing), which created a thin film of niobium pentoxide over the whole surface of the sample, this film is the dielectric capacitor. The anodizing process variables influenced a lot in film formation and consequently the capacitor. The samples were characterized by electrical measurements of capacitance, loss factor and ESR (equivalent series resistance). The sintering has affected the porosity and in turn the specific area of the samples. The capacitor area is directly related to the capacitance, that is, the higher the specific area is the capacitance. Higher sintering temperatures decrease the surface area but eliminate as many impurities. The best results were obtained at a temperature of 1400°C with 60 minutes. The most interesting results were compared with the specific capacitance and ESR for all samples.

Estudo da sinterização e oxidação anódica na produção de um capacitor eletrolítico de nióbio

It seeks to find an alternative to the current tantalum electrolytic capacitors in the market due to its high cost. Niobium is a potential replacement for be lighter and cheaper than tantalum. They belong to the same table group periodically and thus exhibit several physical and chemical properties similar. Niobium is used in many technologically important applications, and Brazil has the largest reserves, around 96%. These electrolytic capacitors have high specific capacitance, so they can store high energy in small volumes compared to other types of capacitors. This is the main attraction of this type of capacitor because is growing demand in the production of capacitors with capacitance specifies increasingly high, this because of the miniaturization of various devices such as GPS devices, televisions, computers, phones and many others. The production route of the capacitor was made by powder metallurgy. The initial niobium poder was first characterized by XRD, SEM and laser particle size to then be sieved into particle size 400mesh. The powder was then compacted at pressure of 150MPa and sintered at 1400, 1450 and 1500°C using two sintering time 30 and 60min. Sintering is an important part of the process as it affects properties as porosity and surface cleaning of the samples, which greatly affected the quality of the capacitor. After sintering the samples were underwent a process of anodic oxidation (anodizing), which created a thin film of niobium pentoxide over the whole surface of the sample, this film is the dielectric capacitor. The anodizing process variables influenced a lot in film formation and consequently the capacitor. The samples were characterized by electrical measurements of capacitance, loss factor and ESR (equivalent series resistance). The sintering has affected the porosity and in turn the specific area of the samples. The capacitor area is directly related to the capacitance, that is, the higher the specific area is the capacitance. Higher sintering temperatures decrease the surface area but eliminate as many impurities. The best results were obtained at a temperature of 1400°C with 60 minutes. The most interesting results were compared with the specific capacitance and ESR for all samples.