Contando o passado, tecendo a saudade: a construção simbólica do engenho açucareiro em Jose Lins do Rego (1919-1943)

In this work I have searched the symbolical sense of a specific place. I have started from the theoretical assumption that places are social relations resulting from material and symbolical conditions developed in a certain time and by certain factors. In this sense, I have analyzed the symbolical aspect of sugar plantation from some literary works created by the writer José Lins do Rego from the state of Paraíba. I intend to analyze the symbolical dimension senses, values and images used by this writer to show the sugar plantation. Giving special attention to the works from the named cycle of sugar plantation , I have searched for the senses and meanings used in José Lins do Rego literary discourse to create a fictional sugar plantation, showing this place in a specific way. Based in cultural history, I have used several sources: literary works, prefaces of books, memory works, journalistic works, letters written by intellectual men and history books. My time of analysis is from 1919 the beginning of José Lins do Rego s intellectual activity - until 1943 publication of Fogo Morto, last literary work that I have analyzed. In symbolical terms, what is sugar plantation, this place that has totally touched José Lins do Regos life and literary work? That was the structural question that has determined the present research

Carbon dioxide emissions under different soil tillage systems in mechanically harvested sugarcane

Soil tillage and other methods of soil management may influence CO 2 emissions because they accelerate the mineralization of organic carbon in the soil. This study aimed to quantify the CO2 emissions under conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and reduced tillage (RT) during the renovation of sugarcane fields in southern Brazil. The experiment was performed on an Oxisol in the sugarcane-planting area with mechanical harvesting. An undisturbed or no-till (NT) plot was left as a control treatment. The CO2 emissions results indicated a significant interaction (p < 0.001) between tillage method and time after tillage. By quantifying the accumulated emissions over the 44 days after soil tillage, we observed that tillage-induced emissions were higher after the CT system than the RT and MT systems, reaching 350.09 g m-2 of CO2 in CT, and 51.7 and 5.5 g m-2 of CO2 in RT and MT respectively. The amount of C lost in the form of CO2 due to soil tillage practices was significant and comparable to the estimated value of potential annual C accumulation resulting from changes in the harvesting system in Brazil from burning of plant residues to the adoption of green cane harvesting. The CO 2 emissions in the CT system could respond to a loss of 80% of the potential soil C accumulated over one year as result of the adoption of mechanized sugarcane harvesting. Meanwhile, soil tillage during the renewal of the sugar plantation using RT and MT methods would result in low impact, with losses of 12% and 2% of the C that could potentially be accumulated during a one year period. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Emissão de CO2 e sua relação com propriedades, manejo do solo e palha em áreas de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Do tempo dos pretos d’antes aos povos do Aproaga: patrimônio arqueológico e territorialidade quilombola no vale do rio Capim (PA)

Esta dissertação se construiu a partir do diálogo entre a Antropologia e a Arqueologia, na busca de compreender os usos e significados que o patrimônio arqueológico assume no âmbito das relações sociais contemporâneas, em específico, aqueles construídos segundo a lógica de povos e comunidades tradicionais. Entendido como categoria etnográfica, o patrimônio permite vislumbrar significados que os quilombolas pertencentes às comunidades Taperinha, Nova Ipixuna, Sauá- Mirim, Benevides e Alegre Vamos, no município de São Domingos do Capim (PA), elaboram em torno do sítio arqueológico Aproaga. Na luta pela titulação definitiva do seu território os quilombolas se autodefinem Povos do Aproaga, nesse contexto, a consciência cultural possibilita a construção da identidade coletiva. Em torno das ruínas históricas do engenho colonial, a memória social quando os Pretos d’antes foram escravos restitui e fortalece no presente as referências culturais e fronteiras étnicas em consonância ao sentimento de pertencimento ao Aproaga. Assim, a arqueologia pública e etnográfica possibilita compreender as dinâmicas e relações sociais do presente e suas fruições com o passado, os significados da cultura material, bem como, as dimensões étnicas que o patrimônio pode vir a assumir no contexto de direitos territoriais de comunidades descendentes e/ou de origem. Porquanto, a territorialidade quilombola construída pelos Povos do Aproaga implica pensar de maneira crítica sobre as políticas do patrimônio na Amazônia, e mais amplamente a reflexividade da pesquisa tendo em vista uma práxis descolonial da ciência.

Usos do solo na reforma do canavial: atributos físicos de latossolos, produtividade e qualidade da cana-de-açúcar no 3° corte

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Desenvolvimento de biossensor baseado em extrato de açaí e sensor biomimético para detecção de hexazinona

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Períodos de interferência de Mucuna aterrima (Piper & Tracy) em cana-de-açúcar e seu controle químico

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Cocolos, emigración y narrativa dominicana

El desarrollo de la industria azucarera en la República Dominicana requirió mano de obra para el corte de caña y el trabajo en el ingenio. La dificultad en atraer trabajadores locales resultó en la contratación de obreros de las islas inglesas Anguila, St. Kitts, Antigua, Nevis, Tórtola, etc., donde el masivo desempleo provocado por la industrialización facilitaba el traslado de los isleños hacia las zafras dominicanas. En San Pedro de Macorís, lugar de su asentamiento, se los llamaba despectivamente “cocolos". Esta ponencia intenta estudiar la historia y delineación de estos obreros inmigrantes, su conducta, su idiosincrasia y modo de vida en el ingenio desde la narrativa dominicana del siglo XX. Las obras seleccionadas son un espejo del racismo, del rechazo cultural y de la explotación de los cocolos en el cañaveral. Cabe destacar que las novelas recientes asumen tardíamente una actitud reivindicatoria ante la ausencia de estudios críticos al respecto.

Plantaciones esclavistas azucareras y transformación ecológica en Cuba

Resumen Este trabajo estudia la historia de las implicaciones ecológico-ambientales del azúcar en Cuba durante la etapa del auge de la plantación esclavista entre 1800 y 1870 aproximadamente. En primer lugar, analiza las dos problemáticas que más llamaron la atención de los contemporáneos por sus implicaciones para el mantenimiento de la propia economía plantacionista, a saber: la creciente escasez de combustible y la pérdida de la fertilidad de los suelos. En segundo lugar, se exploran algunas manifestaciones del impacto sobre la biodiversidad a partir de la llegada de las plantaciones esclavistas a distintos territorios. Por último, se ofrece una primera aproximación a las implicaciones de este proceso para los regímenes hidrológicos locales y la contaminación de los acuíferos por la industria azucarera, un tema que cuenta con escasas referencias en la bibliografía existente. Abstract This paper studies the history of ecological-environmental consequences of cane sugar plantation in Cuba between 1800 and 1870. First, it analyzes two major problems for the existence of cane sugar plantation: the increasing lack of fuel and fertility loss. Second, it explores some impacts on biodiversity produced by the slavery plantation extension to different lands. Finally, it offers a first look at the implications of this extension on hydrologic local regimes and aquifer contamination by sugar cane industry.

Distribution and importance of spiders inhabiting a Brazilian sugar cane plantation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Practical white sugar manufacture, or The manufacture of plantation white sugar directly from the sugar cane.

Mode of access: Internet.

Resource partitioning among epigaeic and hypogaeic ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of a Brazilian cocoa plantation

Patterns of dietary and foraging strata utilization by the ground ant community of a Brazilian cocoa planatation were examined using sugar, meat and flour baits on the surface as well as buried. A total of 49 ant species was recorded, including 10 species of Pheidole. Strong dominance was exercised by Solenopsis geminata at both surface and subterranean strata, and at all food resources. The dissimilarity matrix of the epigaeic ant fauna was much greater than that for the hypogaeic species. At least four guilds were identified: the fungus-growing ants, epigaeic nectivores, epigaeic carnivores, and hypogaeic foragers. Niche breadth reduction, leading to the formation of guilds, permits the coexistence of many species in the this ground ant community from a tropical cocoa plantation. -Authors

Initial analysis from a Lidar observation campaign of sugar cane fires in the central and western portion of the S̃ao Paulo State - Brazil

The central and western portion of the S̃ao Paulo State has large areas of sugar cane plantations, and due to the growing demand for biofuels, the production is increasing every year. During the harvest period some plantation areas are burnt a few hours before the manual cutting, causing significant quantities of biomass burning aerosol to be injected into the atmosphere. During August 2010, a field campaign has been carried out in Ourinhos, situated in the south-western region of S̃ao Paulo State. A 2-channel Raman Lidar system and two meteorological S-Band Doppler Radars are used to indentify and quantify the biomass burning plumes. In addiction, CALIPSO Satellite observations were used to compare the aerosol optical properties detected in that region with those retrieved by Raman Lidar system. Although the campaign yielded 30 days of measurements, this paper will be focusing only one case study, when aerosols released from nearby sugar cane fires were detected by the Lidar system during a CALIPSO overpass. The meteorological radar, installed in Bauru, approximately 110 km northeast from the experimental site, had recorded echoes (dense smoke comprising aerosols) from several fires occurring close to the Raman Lidar system, which also detected an intense load of aerosol in the atmosphere. HYSPLIT model forward trajectories presented a strong indication that both instruments have measured the same air masss parcels, corroborated with the Lidar Ratio values from the 532 nm elastic and 607 nm Raman N2 channel analyses and data retrieved from CALIPSO have indicated the predominance of aerosol from biomass burning sources. © 2011 SPIE.

Periodising globalisation: Mauritian integration into the sugar commodity chain (1825-2005)

Using the case study of Mauritius, and its integration into the international sugar commodity chain, this paper shows that the analysis of commodity chains can be fruitfully employed to respond to recent calls in the field of global/world history for a periodisation of globalisation. The entry of Mauritius into the British Empire brought about a particular kind of integration of the island into the capitalist world system. Central to this integration was the production of sugar under the West Indian Sugar Protocol, with this ultimately turning Mauritius from a free port into a plantation economy. This shaped the island's economic and political practice, and brought the formation of a range of institutions that sustained a high degree of inequality among Mauritians by finding ever newer ways of conciliating socio-economic mobility with exploitation. The paper discusses Mauritian history through the framework of bilateral and multilateral trading agreements that had a significant impact on the sugar industry, and kept the island economically dependent on this single crop. This only changed when the postcolonial state succeeded in diversifying the Mauritian economy during the 1970s and 1980s.

Hawaiian plantation reports

Binder's title