The construction, technical evaluation, and fictional determination of an aluminum storm sewer system /

Mode of access: Internet.

Local solutions to local problems: A stormwater education collaborative

Currently completing its fifth year, the Coastal Waccamaw Stormwater Education Consortium (CWSEC) helps northeastern South Carolina communities meet National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Phase II permit requirements for Minimum Control Measure 1 - Public Education and Outreach - and Minimum Control Measure 2 - Public Involvement. Coordinated by Coastal Carolina University, six regional organizations serve as core education providers to eight coastal localities including six towns and cities and two large counties. CWSEC recently finished a needs assessment to begin the process of strategizing for the second NPDES Phase II 5-year permit cycle in order to continue to develop and implement effective, results-oriented stormwater education and outreach programs to meet federal requirements and satisfy local environmental and economic needs. From its conception in May 2004, CWSEC set out to fulfill new federal Clean Water Act requirements associated with the NPDES Phase II Stormwater Program. Six small municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s) located within the Myrtle Beach Urbanized Area endorsed a coordinated approach to regional stormwater education, and participated in a needs assessment resulting in a Regional Stormwater Education Strategy and a Phased Education Work Plan. In 2005, CWSEC was formally established and the CWSEC’s Coordinator was hired. The Coordinator, who is also the Environmental Educator at Coastal Carolina University’s Waccamaw Watershed Academy, organizes six regional agencies who serve as core education providers for eight coastal communities. The six regional agencies working as core education providers to the member MS4s include Clemson Public Service and Carolina Clear Program, Coastal Carolina University’s Waccamaw Watershed Academy, Murrells Inlet 2020, North Inlet-Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve’s Coastal Training and Public Education Programs, South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, and Winyah Rivers Foundation’s Waccamaw Riverkeeper®. CWSEC’s organizational structure results in a synergy among the education providers, achieving greater productivity than if each provider worked separately. The member small MS4s include City of Conway, City of North Myrtle Beach, City of Myrtle Beach, Georgetown County, Horry County, Town of Atlantic Beach, Town of Briarcliffe Acres, and Town of Surfside Beach. Each MS4 contributes a modest annual fee toward the salary of the Coordinator and operational costs. (PDF contains 3 pages)

Programa de controle de surto de escorpião Tityus serrulatus, Lutz e Mello 1922, no município de Aparecida, SP (Scorpiones, Buthidae).

A scorpion control program was proposed for the town of Aparecida (SP), an endemic region of Tityus serrulatus. Clusters of scorpions in urban and rural areas, environmental degradation of the town's outskirts and new scorpion procreation and dispersal habitats were studied. In addition, infrastructure problems such as the disposal and collection of residential and municipal refuse, sanitation (sewage and storm sewer), condition of vacant lots and constructions in the urban area were evaluated. After an epidemiological study, educational measures such as the distribution of pamphlets, cleaning group work, visits to residences and cooperation from High School teachers and students were also suggested. Chemical control was indicated in high-risk sites, especially those of near-school buildings. Furthermore, the use of natural predators was also mentioned within the present sanitation regulations for urban areas. The authors assert that these procedures must be integrated and continued uninterruptedly for several years. They also suggest a collaborative work with those responsible for the dengue eradication program, as well as the institution of the scorpion study week, which would greatly contribute to the education of the population, to preventive programs and to scorpion control.

The Creation of a Legal Ordinance and Program Manual for the Purpose of Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination

Illegal dumping and improper disposal of pollutants in urban areas can contribute significant pollutant loads to the municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) and natural environments. Illicit discharges to the MS4 can pose a significant risk to human and environmental health. The Clean Water Act requires that municipalities implement a legal mechanism and plan to detect and eliminate illicit discharges to the MS4. The methodology for program creation included the analysis of other municipal illicit discharge programs, review of state and federal guidance publications, and the review of illicit discharge case-studies. This paper describes a systematic approach applied to the creation and implementation of a legal ordinance and program manual designed for the purpose of illicit discharge detection and elimination (IDDE).

Drainage improvements, town of Cortland, De Kalb County, Illinois : a project /

Description of a project to reduce ponding and flooding in Cortland by construction of a storm sewer and detention basin for runoff.

Alternativas para el manejo de aguas pluviales en medios urbanos. Estudio de caso : implementación y manejo de los canales pluviales en las cuencas del Salitre y Tintal en el marco del proceso de recuperación Río Bogotá 2000- 2014

Los canales pluviales han cobrado vital importancia para el manejo ambiental de las ciudades, al hacer parte del sistema hídrico, brindar servicios ambientales y facilitar el drenaje de las aguas lluvias, principalmente. Sin embargo, se quiere trascender la visión ingenieril de ser estructuras encargadas exclusivamente del transporte de aguas lluvias. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las políticas y las acciones implementadas en el manejo de estos canales en Bogotá desde el 2000 hasta el 2014, para revisar las intervenciones realizadas con la finalidad de proponer alternativas que además permitan cumplir con lo ordenado en la sentencia del Consejo de Estado, sobre la recuperación del Río Bogotá. El resultado de este estudio evidenció que aunque no se han llevado a cabo las acciones críticas de adecuación de los canales se ha avanzado en el fortalecimiento institucional y la coordinación inter sectorial para el desarrollo de acciones de gestión integrales. Al final se plantea algunas acciones para el manejo de los canales entre las que se destacan (i) ser integrales y en coordinación con programas ambientales, de espacio público y de gestión del riesgo; (ii) ser coherentes con los nuevos sistemas de gestión de las aguas urbanas; y (iii) fomentar la apropiación ciudadana de los elementos hídricos.

Bibliography of storm and combined sewer pollution control R&D program documents /

Mode of access: Internet.

Conventional and advanced sewer design concepts for dual purpose flood and pollution control : a preliminary case study, Elizabeth, New Jersey /

Mode of access: Internet.

Lawrence Avenue underflow sewer system : interim report, planning and construction /

"March 1980."

Development of a transitioning approach to reduce surface water volumes in combined sewer systems

The overarching goal of this research is to establish a successful forum for a transition from the existing paradigm of managing wastewater infrastructure to a more sustainable paradigm that achieves a more efficient utilisation of wastewater assets. A transitioning approach to support a more efficient utilisation of surface water and wastewater assets and infrastructure is proposed and developed. The determined transitioning approach possesses key stages namely developing the arena, developing the agenda, case study, and monitoring. The case study stage investigates a drainage utility identifying their improvement drivers, the removal of surface water through detailed drainage modelling and the financial examination of the costs incurred under the various scenarios conducted. Understanding the implications of removing/attenuating surface water from the network is improved through obtaining data by detailed drainage modelling. Infoworks software is used to investigate and assess the current and future operational scenarios of a wastewater system operating over one calendar year. Modelling scenarios were conducted removing surface water from selected areas focusing on the volumes requiring pumping and durations of pumping station(s) operation prior to treatment during storm conditions. The financial implication of removing surface water in combined sewer systems is examined in three main components. Firstly the costs of electricity incurred at the single sewage pumping station (SPS) investigated during the various scenarios modelled require to be addressed. Secondly the costs to retrofit sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) solutions needs to be identified. Thirdly the implications of removing surface water for the drainage utility at the national level and the potential saving for householder’s committing to a surface water disconnection rebate scheme. When addressed at the macro level i.e., with over 2,100 pumping stations, some operating in sequence and contained within one drainage utility annually treating 315,360 megalitres the significance of the same multiple quantifiable and intangible benefits becomes amplified. The research aims, objectives and findings are presented to the identified and convened stakeholders. The transitioning approach developed encourages positive discourse between stakeholders. The level of success of the transitioning approach determined is then tested using a quantitative methodology through the completion of questionnaires. From the questionnaires completed the respondents unanimously agreed that surface water flows should be removed as well as reduced from the combined sewer system. The respondents agreed that the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system is justified by applying a transitioning approach focusing on the energy consumption required to pump increased volumes during storm events. This response is significant based upon the economic evidence and is contrary to the respondents previous position that finance was their most influencing factor. When provided with other potentially available benefits the respondents were even more supportive of the justification to remove surface water from the combined sewer system. The combined findings of the work presented in this thesis provide further justification that the transitioning approach applied to the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system, as determined in this research has been successful.

Barriers and drivers of new public-private infrastructure: sewer mining

The rate of water reform in Australia is gathering pace with Federal and State initiatives promoting a more integrated approach to water management. This approach encompasses a more competitive environment and a greater role for the private sector. There is a growing recognition of the importance of water recycling in these initiatives and the need to provide opportunities for its development. In March 2008 the Productivity Commission published its discussion paper on urban water reform (Productivity Commission, 2008). The paper cited inadequate institutional arrangements for the management of Australian urban water resources and noted the benefits to be gained from a comprehensive public review of urban water management. This development can be supported through the promotion of a sewer mining industry. This industry, offers flexible and innovative solutions to water recycling demands in a variety of situations and structures. In addition it has the capability of satisfying government competition and private sector policy initiatives.

Computational fluid dynamics analysis of a flat plate photocatalytic reactor for storm and wastewater reuse

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis has been performed for a flat plate photocatalytic reactor using CFD code FLUENT. Under the simulated conditions (Reynolds number, Re around 2650), a detailed time accurate computation shows the different stages of flow evolution and the effects of finite length of the reactor in creating flow instability, which is important to improve the performance of the reactor for storm and wastewater reuse. The efficiency of a photocatalytic reactor for pollutant decontamination depends on reactor hydrodynamics and configurations. This study aims to investigate the role of different parameters on the optimization of the reactor design for its improved performance. In this regard, more modelling and experimental efforts are ongoing to better understand the interplay of the parameters that influence the performance of the flat plate photocatalytic reactor.

Sustainable reuse of storm/waste-water resources : a review on solar photocatalytic purification processes

In recent years, there has been a significant amount of research and development in the area of solar photocatalysis. This paper reviews and summarizes the mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation process, types of photocatalyst, and the factors influencing the photoreactor efficiency and the most recent findings related to solar detoxification and disinfection of water contaminants. Various solar reactors for photocatlytic water purification are also briefly described. The future potential of solar photocatlysis for storm water treatment and reuse is also discussed to ensure sustainable use of solar energy and storm water resources.

Recent developments in photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenols in storm and wastewater effluent

The heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation process offers a versatile promise in the detoxification and disinfection of wastewater containing hazardous organic compounds such as pesticides and phenolic compounds in storm and wastewater effluent. This process has gained wide attention due to its effectiveness in degrading and mineralizing the organic compounds into harmless and often useful components. To develop an efficient photocatalytic process, titanium dioxide has been actively studied in recent years due to its excellent performance as a photocatalyst under UV light irradiation. This paper aims at critically evaluating and highlighting the recent developments of the heterogeneous photocatalytic systems with a special focus on storm and wastewater treatment applications.