Different moments in the participatory stage of the secondary students’ abstraction of mathematical conceptions

This study provides support to the characteristics of participatory and anticipatory stages in secondary school pupils’ abstraction of mathematical conceptions. We carried out clinical task-based interviews with 71 secondary-school pupils to obtain evidence of the different constructed mathematical conceptions (Participatory Stage) and how they were used (Anticipatory Stage). We distinguish two moments in the Participatory Stage based on the coordination of information from particular cases by activity-effect reflection which, in some cases, lead to a change of focus enabling secondary-school pupils to achieve a reorganization of their knowledge. We argue that (a) the capacity of perceiving regularities in sets of particular cases is a characteristic of activity-effect reflection in the abstraction of mathematical conceptions in secondary school, and (b) the coordination of information by pupils provides opportunities for changing the attention-focus from the particular results to the structure of properties.

A teoria de Dienes no ensino de transformação de medidas de comprimento, área e volume no curso de pedagogia

The study was aimed to test a teaching module on the Zoltan Paul Dienes theory, focusing on the content: The transformation of measurements: length, areas and volumes. The study based on constructivist theory consisted in a methodological intervention with students of the 7th period of the Course of Pedagogy, in Central Campus, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). A preliminary study with 40 students called diagnostic evaluation found that students did not understand the concept of measurements transformation and its processing steps. The latter was performed only with the help of the table of measurements transformation with no understanding of the content. He applied a pretest, a set of activities and a post-test. The latter was used as a tool for evaluation of the student learning process. The answers of these ones were evaluated according to the concept of reflective abstraction of Jean Piaget, one of the authors who influenced the Dienes theory

Ideias de estudantes sobre a origem da Terra e da vida e suas relações com o desenvolvimento cognitivo: um estudo psicogenético

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

As relações entre a construção da abstração reflexionante e o conhecimento social: um estudo psicogenético

This article aims to investigate the construction of reflective abstraction and relate it to the construction of social knowledge. So, two methodological tools were applied to 60 students aged between ten and 16 years: a) evidence of the construction of surfaces and perimeters b) clinical interview about the origins of Earth and life. The main results show that participants were presented at more elementary levels of constuction of reflective abstraction and contruction of social knowledge despite the advanced age and schooling. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant relationship between the constuction of abstraction and social knowledge.

Características de la tematización del esquema de límite de una función

Esta investigación estudia las diferentes estructuras subyacentes en el esquema de límite de una función observadas en 23 estudiantes de Bachillerato situados en el nivel Trans del desarrollo del esquema de límite de una función. El esquema de límite de una función se caracterizó en términos de la habilidad que los estudiantes manifestaron en la construcción de la concepción dinámica del límite mediante la coordinación de los procesos de aproximación en el dominio y en el rango, diferenciando aquellas en las que las aproximaciones laterales coinciden de las que no coinciden. Nuestros resultados sugieren que los estudiantes construyen diferentes estructuras subyacentes al esquema debido a las relaciones que establecen entre el límite de una función en un punto y su representación gráfica que permiten identificar características del esquema tematizado del límite de una función.

Un experimento de enseñanza sobre el límite de una función. Factores determinantes en una trayectoria de aprendizaje

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar características de la construcción del significado de límite de una función en estudiantes de bachillerato (16-17 años). Se diseñó un experimento de enseñanza utilizando una descomposición genética (APOE) del concepto de límite de una función integrando recursos informáticos. Se usó el constructo “Reflexión sobre la Relación Actividad-Efecto” (Simon, Tzur, Heinz y Kinzel, 2004) como una particularización de la abstracción reflexiva para identificar factores que configuran la Trayectoria de Aprendizaje. Los resultados indican que la trayectoria está determinada por la coordinación de las aproximaciones en el dominio y en el rango en diferentes tipos de funciones.

Perfiles de estudiantes en la comprensión de la aproximación al área de una superficie bajo una curva

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar perfiles de estudiantes en la forma en que aproximan el área de la superficie bajo una curva. Los estudiantes participaron en un experimento de enseñanza dirigido a la construcción del concepto de integral definida partiendo de la idea de aproximación al área de una superficie. Las tareas fueron diseñadas atendiendo a una trayectoria hipotética de aprendizaje considerando las fases de construcción de un concepto apoyadas en la abstracción reflexiva. El análisis de las respuestas, teniendo en cuenta los distintos momentos del proceso de abstracción reflexiva, permitió identificar tres perfiles en la comprensión de la aproximación al área de una superficie bajo una curva.

Forms, Foundations, and the Ethos of Foremost: Zen Practice, Epistemology, and Ontology in Reflective Knowledge Organization

In reflecting on the practice of knowledge organization, we tacitly or explicitly root our conceptions of work and its value in some epistemic and ontological foundation. Zen Buddhist philosophy offers a unique set of conceptions vis-à-vis organizing, indexing, and describing documents.When we engage in knowledge organization, we are setting our mind to work with an intention. We intend to make some sort of intervention. We then create a form a realization of an abstraction (like classes or terms) [1], we do this from a foundation of some set of beliefs (epistemology, ontology, and ethics), and because we have to make decisions about what to privilege, we need to decide what is foremost in our minds. We must ask what is the most important thing?Form, foundation, and the ethos of foremost require evoke in our reflection on work number of ethical, epistemic, and ontological concerns that ripple throughout our conceptions of space, “good work”, aesthetics, and moral mandate [2,3]. We reflect on this.

Treatment of wastewater from a cotton dyeing process with UV/H(2)O(2) using a photoreactor covered with reflective material

Wastewater containing several dyes, including sulfur black from the dyeing process in a textile mill, was treated using a UV/H(2)O(2) process. The wastewater was characterized by a low BOD/ COD ratio, intense color and high acute toxicity to the algae species Pseudokirchneriella subcaptata. The influence of the pH and H(2)O(2) concentration on the treatment process was evaluated by a full factorial design 2(2) with three replicates of the central experiment. The removal of aromatic compounds and color was improved by an increase in the H(2)O(2) concentration and a decrease in pH. The best results were obtained at pH 5.0 and 6 g L(-1). With these conditions and 120 min of UV irradiation, the removal of the color, aromatic compounds and COD were 74.1, 55.1 and 44.8%, respectively. Under the same conditions, but using a photoreactor covered with aluminum foil, the removal of the color, aromatic compounds and COD were 92.0, 77.6 and 59.4%, respectively. Moreover, the use of aluminum foil reduced the cost of the treatment by 40.8%. These results suggest the potential application of reflective materials as a photoreactor accessory to reduce electric energy consumption during the UV/H(2)O(2) process.

Proving Temporal Properties of Z Specifications Using Abstraction

This paper presents a systematic approach to proving temporal properties of arbitrary Z specifications. The approach involves (i) transforming the Z specification to an abstract temporal structure (or state transition system), (ii) applying a model checker to the temporal structure, (iii) determining whether the temporal structure is too abstract based on the model checking result and (iv) refining the temporal structure where necessary. The approach is based on existing work from the model checking literature, adapting it to Z.

Category-theoretic fibration as an abstraction mechanism in information systems

This paper examines the problem of establishing a formal relationship of abstraction and refinement between abstract enterprise models and the concrete information systems which implement them. It introduces and justifies a number of reasonableness requirements, which turn out to justify the use of category theoretic concepts, particularly fibrations, to precisely specify a semantics for enterprise models which enables them to be considered as abstractions of the conceptual models from which the implementing information systems are built. The category-theoretic concepts are developed towards the problem of testing whether a system satisfies the fibration axioms, and are applied to case studies to demonstrate their practicability.

Comparision and abstraction of ethernet based fieldbus

Os sistemas de redes de campo ligando componentes de automação e máquinas possuem uma performance muito elevada, relativamente à sua velocidade e capacidade de funcionamento em tempo-real. Estes apresentam também uma variedade de funcionalidades tais como comunicação cruzada, protocolos de segurança e endereçamento automático. Além disso, definem também aproximações lógicas ao tipo de máquinas em questão, de acordo com o seu perfil de funcionamento. No entanto, todas estas funcionalidades tornam a configuração e programação de aplicações comunicando nestas redes de campo extremamente complexa. Para além da complexidade existente na configuração e programação de um único sistema de redes de campo, existe também uma panóplia de diferentes sistemas de redes de campo, totalmente incompatíveis entre si. Contudo, estes pouco se diferenciam relativamente às suas funcionalidades e performance. Neste trabalho é elaborada uma comparação entre 4 diferentes perfis de accionamentos (CiA 402, CIP Motion, FSP Drive e PROFIdrive) para sistemas de redes de campo baseados em Ethernet (Ethercat, Ethernet/IP, PROFInet e SERCOS. Com este resultado, o acesso aos diferentes sistemas de redes de campo poderá ser generalizado, de forma que a aplicação a desenvolver seja independente do sistema localizado nas camadas OSI inferiores.

On the cloud deployment of a session abstraction for service/data aggregation

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática