Selo PROCEL edifica - edifícios comerciais, de serviços e públicos

This paper presents a study on the labeling Procel Build, an action plan for energy efficiency in buildings which aims to build the foundations necessary to rationalize energy consumption in buildings in Brazil (PROCEL, 2009a, p. 5), ie Procel builds aims to ensure the construction of the building that has a low energy expenditure, but still provide a comfortable environment. In this research, it is also shown how the labels are obtained, which may be general or partial. The reader will find further explanation of the three aspects of a building, and they Envelopment, Lighting system and Air Conditioning System Finally, we present the advantages and challenges of system builds procel, showing the need for greater investment and disclosure of elements that contribute to the implementation of sustainable buildings in Brazil

Latin American Consensus: Children Born Small for Gestational Age

Background: Children born small for gestational age (SGA) experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality than those born appropriate for gestational age. In Latin America, identification and optimal management of children born SGA is a critical issue. Leading experts in pediatric endocrinology throughout Latin America established working groups in order to discuss key challenges regarding the evaluation and management of children born SGA and ultimately develop a consensus statement. Discussion: SGA is defined as a birth weight and/or birth length greater than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the population reference mean for gestational age. SGA refers to body size and implies length-weight reference data in a geographical population whose ethnicity is known and specific to this group. Ideally, each country/region within Latin America should establish its own standards and make relevant updates. SGA children should be evaluated with standardized measures by trained personnel every 3 months during year 1 and every 6 months during year 2. Those without catch-up growth within the first 6 months of life need further evaluation, as do children whose weight is <= -2 SD at age 2 years. Growth hormone treatment can begin in SGA children > 2 years with short stature (< -2.0 SD) and a growth velocity < 25th percentile for their age, and should continue until final height (a growth velocity below 2 cm/year or a bone age of > 14 years for girls and > 16 years for boys) is reached. Blood glucose, thyroid function, HbA1c, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) should be monitored once a year. Monitoring insulin changes from baseline and surrogates of insulin sensitivity is essential. Reduced fetal growth followed by excessive postnatal catch-up in height, and particularly in weight, should be closely monitored. In both sexes, gonadal function should be monitored especially during puberty. Summary: Children born SGA should be carefully followed by a multidisciplinary group that includes perinatologists, pediatricians, nutritionists, and pediatric endocrinologists since 10% to 15% will continue to have weight and height deficiency through development and may benefit from growth hormone treatment. Standards/guidelines should be developed on a country/region basis throughout Latin America.

Relação entre o consumo de energia elétrica, a renda e a caracterização econômica de famílias de baixa renda do município de São Paulo

Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo examinar a relação entre Consumo de Energia Elétrica e Renda Familiar nos domicílios do município de São Paulo. Investigou-se a utilidade do consumo de energia elétrica como base para um indicador que possibilite a extensão e o refinamento do Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil para estimar o poder de compra da população em geral. A pesquisa dividiu-se em dois níveis de investigação. O primeiro, domiciliar, para o qual foram utilizados três conjuntos de dados oriundos de pesquisas domiciliares (Pesquisa ABRADEE, Pesquisa de Posses e Hábitos do PROCEL, e Pesquisa de Microcrédito da Baixa Renda da FGV-EAESP). O segundo nível, territorial, investigou indicadores de renda, consumo de energia elétrica e classe econômica agregados por áreas de ponderação (conjunto de setores censitários), e utilizou microdados do Censo Demográfico 2000 do município de São Paulo em conjunto com a base de domicílios da AES Eletropaulo. A investigação domiciliar mostrou que não há vantagens na substituição plena da aplicação do Critério Brasil pela coleta de indicadores de consumo de energia elétrica em levantamentos domiciliares. No entanto, o uso combinado do Critério Brasil, do valor da conta de luz e do número de pessoas (ou número de dormitórios) no domicílio apresenta benefícios na classificação da renda (os gráficos de ganhos das árvores de classificação combinadas aproximam-se mais da distribuição real da renda, apesar de o coeficiente de explicação da renda aumentar apenas de 0,577 para 0,582). Além disso, ao contrário do que se especulava, para a baixa renda a associação entre renda e consumo de energia elétrica mostrou-se fraca, apesar de o coeficiente de explicação da renda aumentar de 0,222 para 0,300 quando incorporamos o consumo de energia elétrica e o número de pessoas ao modelo de regressão da renda pelo Critério Brasil. Em nível territorial, as relações entre Renda, Consumo de Energia Elétrica e Classificação Econômica do Critério Brasil mostraram-se muito fortes (os coeficientes de explicação da renda atingiram valores de 0,912 a 0,960), permitindo que medidas de consumo médio de energia elétrica agregadas em áreas de ponderação sejam ótimos indicadores regionais de concentração de renda e classificação econômica dos domicílios para o município de São Paulo. Por serem atuais, disponíveis e de atualização mensal, os indicadores de consumo de energia elétrica, quando disponibilizados pelas empresas de distribuição de energia, podem ser de grande utilidade para empresas de mercado, como subsídio a estratégias que necessitem de informações de classificação, concentração e previsão da renda domiciliar.

Situación y perspectivas de la eficiencia energética en América Latina y el Caribe = Situation and perspectives on energy efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean

Incluye Bibliografía

Brazilian solar water heating systems evaluation

The Brazilian National Electricity Conservation Program - PROCEL - runs regular surveys in the electric-energy-consumption market. These studies are used as valuable data to better plan the actions of this program. These data also evaluate the program's performance by identifying the level of penetration of the most efficient electric equipment within the residential sector. PROCEL's main lines of action is to promote and make available the most efficient technologies. Based on the results from the latest survey, it is estimated that 24% of the electric-energy consumption of the residential sector is used by electric shower devices, which instantaneously heat the water that flows through them, normally using an electric resistance of 5 kW. These are an important factor in a country where electric-heating devices are present in about 73% of Brazilian households. Keeping that in mind, the purpose of this work is to present the main results of the Brazilian Solar-Water-Heating-Systems Evaluation, finished in 2010, where 535 installations were visited and more than 50 researchers from different universities participated in the project. Moreover, seven Brazilian cities were selected to be studied. The information was collected from field research and statistically treated. The collected information focused on the adequacy of the project to the household, installation, operation and life cycle of the systems, as well as the users' satisfaction level. Technical questionnaires were developed to summarize all the required information, such as a Web site designed to organize and manage the data collected and a Matlab application that performed the dimensioning and F-chart systems evaluation. Quality indicators were created through a full system monitoring, with thermographic analysis and evaluation of shading influence at the system's efficiency, using the Ecotect software.

Gestão energética e ambiental de edificações: avaliação de metodologias para certificação

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Proposta de metodologia para criação e análise de cenários na continuidade do Programa Reluz, utilizando tecnologia LED em sistemas de iluminação pública

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Eficiência Energética e sustentabilidade em edificações: um estudo de caso na biblioteca da UNESP de Guaratinguetá

Energy efficiency has gained significant importance in recent years, mainly due to cyclical climatic conditions and current supply of natural resources. The present work deals with the procedures and requirements necessary to evaluate a building to a level of efficiency corresponding to your project and the actual implemented. To perform this analysis, we adopted the technical regulation efficiency prepared by Procel along with other agencies of the sector. The Regulation aims to create a model for the technical evaluation of the efficiency of buildings, popularize and expand the theme specification of conditions drawn up today. The building analyzed in this study was the library of UNESP, Guaratinguetá. Still, after the completion of the final efficiency analysis, are presented proposals for intervention that can improve and enhance the present situation of the building. The interventions are based on many technical factors and local conditions of climate and supply of resource. The issue of sustainability was explained in order to serve as a tool to expand the options available to upgrade a building in front of their impact on the environment

Estudo de impacto de ações de eficiência energética em instalações elétricas residenciais

This paper addresses methods of reducing the electric energy consumption on residences by the means of constructive measures and replacement of electric devices. Analyzing their impacts on residential and national level based on data issued by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and PROCEL (National Program for Electricity Conservation).

Las relaciones entre el arte mural los espacios públicos y emblemáticos de la ciudad de Loja

La propuesta mural “Loja: Identidad Cultural” constituye una aspiración y requerimiento de la comunidad lojana, evidenciadas en el trabajo investigativo realizado en el Barrio Zamora de la ciudad de Loja, sector de la intersección de las calles José María Egas y Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, sobre el tema: “Las relaciones entre el arte mural, los espacios públicos y emblemáticos de la ciudad de Loja”. En el trabajo se pretende acercarse a la noción de espacio público con un recorrido por la historia que ayuda a dilucidar la diferencia entre lo público y lo privado. Así mismo, se advierte en las comunidades que las relaciones y acciones sociales, entre ellas el arte, constituyen elementos generadores de espacios propicios que fomentan el diálogo, la convivencia y la identidad. En uno de los capítulos se hace referencia al Muralismo como uno de los principales movimientos y corrientes de intervención del espacio público, sus orígenes, desarrollo y cómo se convirtió en una herramienta de poder político y de gestión en algunos países del mundo. También se realizó un breve estudio de los muralistas latinoamericanos, nacionales y locales, mediante un análisis comparativo y de registro de obras muralísticas que se encuentran en lugares públicos e importantes de la ciudad de Loja. La obra mural que fuera presentada y entregada a la comunidad lojana, en el acto público realizado el 18 de febrero del 2016 con la asistencia de representantes de las entidades seccionales, delegados de instituciones culturales, artistas plásticos, docentes y estudiantes de varios colegios de la ciudad; proyectó en su contenido el proceso histórico, aspectos culturales, personajes y elementos que buscan configurar la conciencia y la identidad lojana. La técnica que se utilizó en los 250 m2 es el acrílico y esmalte sobre ladrillo, mampostería y latón.