A construção do horizonte plurinacional: liberalismo, indianismo e nacional-popular na formação do Estado boliviano

A presente tese busca compreender e explicar a formação do Estado Plurinacional da Bolívia a partir do legado de símbolos, procedimentos e modelos de aquisição de legitimidade deixados ao longo de sua história e que podem ser agrupados em três grandes matrizes políticas: o liberalismo-constitucional, o indianismo-comunitário e o nacional-popular. Assim, o objetivo é analisar como o legado destas três matrizes políticas, através principalmente da evolução histórica de seus horizontes políticos e da memória de suas agendas e promessas inconclusas acerca do Estado e da nação na Bolívia, influenciam o atual experimento inaugurado em 2009 com a promulgação de sua atual Constituição Política do Estado (CPE). A hipótese subjacente é a de que o experimento plurinacional, em sua tentativa de resolver a forte crise de legitimidade estatal trazida pela conjuntura crítica dos anos 2000-2005, se nutre fortemente das agendas destas três matrizes seja intencional e deliberadamente como no caso do Indianismo e do Nacional-popular ou de maneira reticente como no caso do Liberalismo - de forma a tentar reconciliar o Estado com sua altamente heterogênea formação social. A fim de verificá-la, foi realizado um estudo de natureza eminentemente bibliográfica complementado por pesquisa de campo de seis meses a fim de traçar a evolução política das três matrizes em seus momentos constitutivos, horizontes e agendas e contrastá-las com as características institucionais assumidas pelo novo Estado Plurinacional, bem como a prática política dos principais atores bolivianos contemporâneos. Dessa maneira, foi possível perceber o quanto de fato persistem no experimento refundacionista atual e na prática política corrente do país uma mescla heterogênea e com distintas ênfases das agendas e práticas das três matrizes, representadas sobretudo no apego à democracia como valor e procedimento; no reconhecimento étnico-cultural trazido ao interior do Estado com a incorporação potencial pelo mesmo de formatos institucionais comunitários e a preservação de espaços autônomos de deliberação; e na busca por participação política mais direta por parte do povo e na ênfase relativa à soberania popular sobre os recursos naturais do país e um maior intervencionismo estatal na economia.

Reading the rhetoric of nationhood in two Reformation pamphlets by Richard Morison and Nicholas Bodrugan

Mottram, S. (2005). Reading the rhetoric of nationhood in two Reformation pamphlets by Richard Morison and Nicholas Bodrugan. Renaissance Studies. 19(4), pp.523-540. RAE2008

La presse française et l’adhésion de la Grande-Bretagne à la CEE : des refus à l’acceptation (1961-1973)

À la suite de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l’Europe est affaiblie et divisée. Les horreurs de la guerre amènent les Européens à repenser leur cohabitation et l’idée d’une Europe, unie par des liens économiques et politiques forts, germe dans l’esprit des Européens. Ils créent alors la CECA en 1951 puis, sept ans plus tard, la Communauté économique européenne. Puisque cette dernière aura du succès, certains pays européens, dont la Grande-Bretagne, demandent à la rejoindre. La France d’alors, sous la présidence de Charles de Gaulle, s’oppose à cette demande d’adhésion à deux reprises, en 1963 et en 1967. Il faut attendre l’arrivée de Georges Pompidou à l’Élysée pour que Londres intègre la CEE. L’élargissement de la Communauté est un évènement important; il a un impact direct sur le rôle de la France en Europe et dans le monde. Il a également une incidence certaine sur le rôle de l’Europe dans le monde bipolaire de l’époque, ainsi que sur ses relations avec l’allié américain. La presse des pays concernés suivra ces évènements avec intérêt, telle la presse quotidienne française, qui commente abondamment les décisions prises par son gouvernement. Le présent mémoire, qui étudie certains journaux d’importance à la lumière des ouvrages d’érudition et des sources primaires, analyse thématiquement la position de journaux français de diverses tendances politiques sur la politique française au cours des trois demandes.

Editors' Introduction: Political Theory and Social Hope

This introduction sets in a broad research context the significnance of the research contribution of this special issue of the journal, on the theme of 'political theory and social hope'.

Horizons régionaux et variations océaniennes des territoires français

« L’identité régionale […] repose sur une réalité concrète : la mer est aussi réelle que vous et moi […]. Je ne fais que constater qu’elle forge le caractère de cette planète, qu’elle est une source majeure de notre subsistance et que nous l’avons tous en partage, où que nous soyons en Océanie. Mais au-delà des épreuves quotidiennes, la mer nous lie les uns aux autres. Elle est source de sagesse infinie. La mer est notre métaphore la plus puissante. L’océan est en nous. » (Hau’Ofa, 2015 [1997] : 55-56). Souvent présentés de manière séparée, les territoires français dans le Pacifique Sud, objets de ce dossier, possèdent cependant des horizons régionaux intéressants qui mettent en exergue la variété des écosystèmes politiques de l’espace océanien1. Les facettes multidimensionnelles des évolutions humaines montrent une « mer d’îles » océaniennes en mouvement, selon l’intellectuel tongien Epeli Hau’Ofa (2008 [1993]). Sa pensée alimente la formation d’une identité régionale océanienne, à p... « Regional identity […] has been constructed on a foundation of concrete reality. That the sea is as real as you and I […], that it shapes the character of this planet, that it is a major source of our sustenance, that it is something that we all share in common wherever we are in Oceania – all of these are statements of fact. Yet beyond that level of everyday experience, the sea is our pathway to each other and to everyone else, the sea is our endless saga, the sea is our most powerful metaphor, the ocean is in us. » (Hau’Ofa, 2015 [1997]: 55-56). Often conceived of as separate entities, French overseas territories in the South Pacific, as the subject of this special issue, nevertheless possess interesting regional horizons, which highlight the variety of political ecosystems of Oceania. The multidimensional facets of human evolution show an Oceanian “Sea of Islands” in constant movement, according to the Tongan intellectual Epeli Hau’Ofa (2008 [1993]). His philosophy contributes to...

Audiovisual Storytelling and Ideological Horizons : Audiences, Cultural Contexts and Extra-textual Meaning Making

Abstract: Audiovisual Storytelling and Ideological Horizons: Audiences, Cultural Contexts and Extra-textual Meaning Making In a society characterized by mediatization people are to an increasing degree dependent on mediated narratives as a primary means by which we make sense of our experience through time and our place in society (Hoover 2006, Lynch 2007, Hjarvard 2008, Hjarvard & Lövheim 2012). American media scholar Stewart Hoover points to symbols and scripts available in the media environment, what he call the “symbolic inventory” out of which individuals make religious or spiritual meaning (Hoover 2006: 55). Vernacular meaning-making embedded in everyday life among viewers’ dealing with fiction narratives in films and tv-series highlight a need for a more nuanced understanding of complex audiovisual storytelling. Moving images provide individuals with stories by which reality is maintained and by which humans construct ordered micro-universes for themselves using film as a resource for moral assessment and ideological judgments about life (Plantinga 2009, Johnston 2010, Axelson 2015). Important in this theoretical context are perspectives on viewers’ moral frameworks (Zillman 2005, Andersson & Andersson 2005, Frampton 2006, Avila 2007).This paper presentation will focus on ideological contested meaning making where audiences of different cultural background engage emotionally with filmic narratives, possibly eliciting ideological and spiritual meaning-making related to viewers’ personal world views. Through the example of the Homeland tv-series I want to discuss how spectators’ cultural, religious, political and ideological identities could be understood playing a role in the interpretative process of decoding content. Is it possible to trace patterns of different receptions of the multilayered and ambiguous story depicted in Homeland by religiously engaged Christians and Moslems as well as non-believers, in America, Europe and Middle East? How is the fiction narrative dealt with by spectators in the audience in different cultural contexts and how is it interpreted through the process of extra-text evaluation and real world2understanding in a global era preoccupied with war on terror? The presentation will also discuss methodological considerations about how to reach out to audiences anchored in different cultural context.