313 resultados para Pigmento inorgânico


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Inorganic pigment comprises a host lattice, which is part of the chromophore component (usually a transition metal cation) and possible components modifiers, which stabilize, add or restate the properties pigments. Among the materials with spinel, ferrites, and the chromite stand out, because they have broad technological importance in the area of materials, applicability, pigments, catalytic hydrogenation, thin film, ceramic tiles, among others. The present work, pigments containing CuFe2O4, CuCr2O4,e CuFeCrO4, were synthesized by a method that makes use of gelatin as organic precursor using their application to ceramic pigments. The pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) spectroscopy in the UV-visible and Colorimetry. The results confirmed the feasibility of the synthetic route used, with respect to powders synthesized, there is the formation of spinel phase from 500°C, with an increase in crystallinity and the formation of other phases. The pigments were shown to be crystalline and the desired phases were obtained. The copper chromite have hues ranging from green to black according to the calcination temperature, while the copper chromite doped with iron had brownish. The ferrites showed copper color and darker brown to black, which may indicate an interesting factor because of the importance of black pigment

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The ceramic pigments are colored inorganic substances that during the process of dispersion in the ceramic glazes and subsequent calcination, are stable against physical and chemical attack. Therefore, they are crystalline compounds applied in the ceramic industry for coloring vitreous base. In this study, the Pechini method was used for obtaining the pigment CuCr2O4 with heat treatment at the temperatures of 800, 900 and 1000 ° C. The powder pigments were characterized on their structural, morphological and colorimetric aspects. The thermal analysis conducted on an amorphous precursor in a TG / DTA indicates the weight loss in the entire temperature range investigated, with characteristic exothermic peak of the elimination of the organic composition of the precursor around 300°C. The development of the crystalline phases were investigated by XRD, using a diffractometer with Cu Ka radiation and graphite monochromator, where it was observed the presence of crystalline phases corresponding to Cr2O3 and CuCr2O4.The measurements of the specific surface area of the powders pigments were carried out in an equipment Micromeritcs, model ASAP 2000, using N2 as gas of adsorption/desorption. The colorimetric measurements of the pigments were made in a colorimeter Gretac Macbeth Color-eye spectrophotometer 2180 / 2180UV in CIELAB standards. Based on the obtained results, it can be verified the thermal stability of the powder pigments of green coloration, which enables it as an alternative to the materials currently used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles.

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Although efficient from a technical point of view, mortar layers that make up the traditional masonry coating (slurry mortar, plaster and plaster) have to be in contradiction with the new construction technologies and more efficient methods of consumption and work rationalization. From an environmental point of view, the recovery of waste into new composites for the building has been a growing strand of studies in the scientific community, may prove to be a cost-effective solution in some cases. Thus, this research proposes the development of a mortar Decorative Coating Monolayer (RDM), for use in facades, produced on site, incorporating tempered glass waste (RVT) in the cement matrix, as a partial substitute for aggregate. Therefore, we adopted the binder respect / aggregate of 1: 6 (by volume), consistency index 250mm ± 20, sand substitution levels of glass waste 20%, 50% and 80% and relative water / cement varied in many traits. Two additives were used, a polymer, styrene-butadiene-based, and other chemical, besides mineral and silica fume inorganic pigment in colors red, yellow and blue. Mechanical tests were carried out on fresh pasta and hardened, as well as for the applied coating on masonry, so as to demonstrate the feasibility of the material. In addition, it verified the adequacy of the RDM built environment by means of thermal tests. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed RDM with significantly higher values when compared to norms, especially the dash-added replacement content of 20% and addition of pigment in red. Therefore, the study shows the scientific community as an incentive to the use of technological innovations in construction, increasing the range of alternatives available for housing production, with the proposition of a material that achieves the desired functionality and obtain environmental gain, and may be adopted on construction sites as an alternative industrialized mortars.

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Inorganic pigment comprises a host lattice, which is part of the chromophore component (usually a transition metal cation) and possible components modifiers, which stabilize, add or restate the properties pigments. Among the materials with spinel, ferrites, and the chromite stand out, because they have broad technological importance in the area of materials, applicability, pigments, catalytic hydrogenation, thin film, ceramic tiles, among others. The present work, pigments containing CuFe2O4, CuCr2O4,e CuFeCrO4, were synthesized by a method that makes use of gelatin as organic precursor using their application to ceramic pigments. The pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) spectroscopy in the UV-visible and Colorimetry. The results confirmed the feasibility of the synthetic route used, with respect to powders synthesized, there is the formation of spinel phase from 500°C, with an increase in crystallinity and the formation of other phases. The pigments were shown to be crystalline and the desired phases were obtained. The copper chromite have hues ranging from green to black according to the calcination temperature, while the copper chromite doped with iron had brownish. The ferrites showed copper color and darker brown to black, which may indicate an interesting factor because of the importance of black pigment

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Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Mecánica con Especialidad en Materiales) UANL, 2010.

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Orientación en Química de los Materiales) UANL, 2011

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Relata la experiencia 'Pigmento-Color' realizada en el centro donde trabaja la autora. Los niños deben obtener los colores necesarios para realizar su creación, a partir de los tres colores básicos; el sistema está basado en la observación directa, trabaja tanto la motricidad gruesa como la fina, pues al niño se le pide que respete los espacios grandes y los que están divididos por líneas gruesas. El material se compone de un cuaderno de trabajo y un estuche para mezclar colores.

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A despeito da importância ecológica e econômica da Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze e da importância do nitrogênio (N) para o crescimento vegetal, existem poucos estudos que caracterizam as relações desse nutriente com ela. Os presentes estudos visaram caracterizar a preferência de plantas da espécie a diferentes formas de N inorgânico e descrever a estrutura da variação espacial de N inorgânico em três sítios de ocorrência de Araucaria angustifolia no Brasil subtropical. No primeiro estudo, a abordagem experimental incluiu o uso de soluções nutritivas. No segundo, as ferramentas geoestatísticas, semivariogramas e krigeagem, foram utilizadas para a descrição da variação espacial de NH4 +, NO3 - e NH4 + + NO3 -, em dois períodos do ano, verão e inverno. Os sítios escolhidos foram uma área de mata nativa, uma de campo nativo e uma plantação de Pinus elliottii. Os resultados de crescimento do primeiro estudo demonstraram que a espécie prefere amônio como fonte de N. Nitrato, quando fornecido sozinho, induziu sintomas de deficiência de N, quando comparado a outras fontes de N: maiores razão raiz:parte aérea, ramificação radicular e massa foliar por área, engrossamento dos ápices caulinares e ainda, menores conteúdos de clorofilas e N por unidade de massa em folhas jovens. A nutrição à base de nitrato também afetou a distribuição de N no corpo da planta, com as folhas jovens acumulando menos N e maior razão C:N do que as folhas maduras (um padrão não observado nos outros tratamentos). Aparentemente, o nitrato é um importante fator a regular a partição de C e N entre diferentes partes da planta. A atividade nitrato redutase (ANR) seguiu um padrão de partição raiz:parte aérea esperado para coníferas de clima temperado. Entretanto, a ANR mesmo sob nutrição de NH4 + sozinho, indica que a planta pode apresentar níveis constitutivos de atividade da enzima, ou que quantidades baixas de NO3 - (formado pela possível contaminação dos meios de cultivo) podem induzir a ANR foliar. Em reflorestamentos, deve ser assegurado que o amônio seja a forma de N predominante ou que esteja presente em quantidades suficientes para um adequado desenvolvimento das plantas. Ambientes que não satisfaçam estas necessidades podem limitar o desenvolvimento da espécie. Os resultados do segundo estudo mostraram que o NH4 +não foi a forma de N predominante na mata nativa, em ambos os períodos do ano. Nesse sítio o NO3 - ocorreu em proporção similar à do NH4 + nos demais sítios (campo e plantação de Pinus) A heterogeneidade na disponibilidade de N é maior na mata nativa do que nos outros sítios no verão. Desta forma, é necessária uma maior plasticidade na habilidade de exploração radicular do N do solo por parte das plantas que se estabelecem neste sítio do que nos demais, durante esta estação. A plantação de Pinus e o campo, além de terem mais amônio que a mata nativa, são mais homogêneos na distribuição deste, e podem, então, constituir locais mais favoráveis, em termos de disponibilidade de N, para o estabelecimento do pinheiro brasileiro. O inverno impõe um cenário bastante diferente. O aumento significativo da disponibilidade de N inorgânico e a perda da estrutura espacial (à exceção da área de campo) tornam os sítios, teoricamente, menos hostis ao desenvolvimento vegetal.

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ALVES, Ana paula Melo. Vermiculitas tratadas quimicamente na obtenção de sólidos microporosos como precursores para híbridos inorgânico-orgânicos com aplicações adsortivas. 2009. 124 f. Tese (Doutorado em Quimica) - Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, 2009.

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Synthetic inorganic pigments are the most widely used in ceramic applications because they have excellent chemical and thermal stability and also, in general, a lower toxicity to man and to the environment. In the present work, the ceramic black pigment CoFe2O4 was synthesized by the polymerization Complex method (MPC) in order to form a material with good chemical homogeneity. Aiming to optimize the process of getting the pigment through the MPC was used a fractional factorial design 2(5-2), with resolution III. The factors studied in mathematical models were: citric acid concentration, the pyrolysis time, temperature, time and rate of calcination. The response surfaces using the software statistica 7.0. The powders were characterized by thermal analysis (TG/DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy in the UV-visible. Based on the results, there was the formation of phase cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) with spinel structure. The color of the pigments obtained showed dark shades, from black to gray. The model chosen was appropriate since proved to be adjusted and predictive. Planning also showed that all factors were significant, with a confidence level of 95%

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Avaliou-se o uso de biomaterial de origem bovina na regeneração de defeitos ósseos segmentares empregando-se 12 coelhos, fêmeas, da raça Norfolk, com idade de seis meses e pesos entre 3 e 4,5kg. Realizou-se falha segmentar bilateral de um centímetro de comprimento na diáfise do rádio, com inclusão do periósteo. No membro direito, o defeito foi delimitado por membrana de pericárdio liofilizada, contendo em seu interior mistura de proteínas morfogenéticas ósseas adsorvidas a hidroxiapatita, colágeno liofilizado e osso inorgânico. No membro esquerdo, o defeito não recebeu tratamento. Radiografias foram obtidas ao término do procedimento cirúrgico e aos sete, 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias de pós-operatório. Após eutanásia de seis coelhos aos 60 dias e seis aos 150 dias de pós-cirúrgico, os resultados radiográficos e histológicos mostraram que a regeneração óssea foi inibida nos defeitos segmentares tratados com o biomaterial.