Distalização dos molares superiores com aparelho Pendex: estudo cefalométrico prospectivo

A distalização dos molares superiores constitui um desafio na correção da má oclusão de Classe II em tratamentos sem extrações dentárias e sem avanço mandibular. Há uma procura por dispositivos que substituam a tração extrabucal (AEB) e que não exijam demasiada colaboração do paciente, o que estimula os ortodontistas a testarem métodos alternativos aos relatados na literatura. Dentre estes, destacam-se os aparelhos Pêndulo e Pendex de Hilgers. OBJETIVO: a realização desta pesquisa teve o intuito de avaliar, mediante a cefalometria, os efeitos do aparelho Pendex aplicado no final da dentadura mista e na dentadura permanente. METODOLOGIA: a amostra constou de 14 pacientes com má oclusão de Classe II bilateral, com média de idade de 11 anos e 3 meses. Foram tomadas duas telerradiografias em norma lateral, uma correspondente ao início do tratamento e outra aproximadamente 5 meses após sua finalização, quando a relação dos molares encontrava-se sobrecorrigida. RESULTADOS: após a determinação e mensuração das grandezas cefalométricas lineares e angulares e análise estatística (Teste t de Student), pode-se concluir que os efeitos do aparelho Pendex foram predominantemente ortodônticos: distalização da coroa dos primeiros molares permanentes numa velocidade média de 0,8 mm/mês e vestibularização dos incisivos superiores com aumento do trespasse horizontal. CONCLUSÃO: assim sendo, quando há indicação para distalização dos molares, cumpre-se fazer uma análise dos fatores envolvidos, a fim de eleger, com prudência, a solução terapêutica mais adequada às exigências individuais e profissionais.

Distalização dos molares superiores com aparelho Pendex unilateral: estudo piloto com radiografia panorâmica

OBJETIVO: o presente ensaio científico põe em pauta o efeito imediato da distalização unilateral de molares superiores, lançando mão do distalizador intrabucal Pendex de ação unilateral. METODOLOGIA: o estudo prospectivo foi conduzido em três pacientes na dentadura permanente madura, no estágio de adolescência, que apresentavam uma má oclusão Classe II, subdivisão. O aparelho Pendex foi instalado com a mola distalizadora de TMA, construída apenas no lado direito. A metodologia baseou-se nas radiografias panorâmicas inicial e pós-distalização para quantificar a inclinação axial mesiodistal dos molares superiores. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os resultados mostraram que os molares do lado esquerdo mantiveram sua inclinação mesiodistal inicial, sugerindo ancoragem, enquanto os molares do lado direito foram inclinados para distal, à semelhança do que ocorre com a distalização simétrica dos molares superiores, obtida com o aparelho Pendex convencional. Os primeiros molares foram inclinados 11,5º, enquanto os segundos molares foram inclinados 21º para distal.

Aparelho Herbst x osteotomia sagital mandibular bilateral no tratamento do padrão II, classe II, divisão 1 em adultos: relato de casos

Two treatment options are available for adult patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion caused by mandibular deficiency: combined mandibular advancement surgery and orthodontic treatment or mandibular advancement appliance. This study aimed to analyze the effects of two therapeutic modalities of Class II malocclusion treatment with mandibular deficiency. Two distinct individuals with Class II malocclusion division 1 and mandibular deficiency were treated after growth spurt. The first individual used the Herbst appliance as a therapeutic option and the second individual was treated with bilateral sagittal osteotomy. The cephalometric, occlusion and face results were evaluated for both individuals. Correction of Class II malocclusion was observed on both Herbst and surgery patients resulting on a normal occlusal relationship with normal overjet and overbite. Therefore it was concluded that Herbst appliance can be used to treat borderline skeletal Class II in adult patients.

High school classes: small appliance repair class

Inscription: Verso: small appliance repair class: Eli Whitney Vocational High School, Brooklyn New York.

Ethnic differences in the BMI-%BF relationships between young Japanese and Australian-Caucasian males living in Australia using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

The Body Mass Index (BMI) has been used worldwide as an indicator of fatness. However, the universal cut-off points by the World Health Organisation (WHO) classification may not be appropriate for every ethnic group when consider the relationship with their actual total body fatness(%BF). The application of population-specific classifications to assess BMI may be more relevant to public health. Ethnic differences in the BMI%BF relationship between 45 Japanese and 42 Australian-Caucasian males were assessed using whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and anthropometry using a standard protocol. Japanese males had significantly (p<0.05) greater %BF at given BMI values than Australian males. When this is taken into account the newly proposed Asia-Pacific BMI classification of BMI 23 as overweight and 25 as obese may better assess the level of obesity that is associated increased health risks for this population. To clarify the current findings, further studies that compare the relationships across other Japanese populations are recommended.

X-ray your data with Rasch

By using the Rasch model, much detailed diagnostic information is available to developers of survey and assessment instruments and to the researchers who use them. We outline an approach to the analysis of data obtained from the administration of survey instruments that can enable researchers to recognise and diagnose difficulties with those instruments and then to suggest remedial actions that can improve the measurement properties of the scales included in questionnaires. We illustrate the approach using examples drawn from recent research and demonstrate how the approach can be used to generate figures that make the results of Rasch analyses accessible to non-specialists.

The X-Factor and its relationship to golfing performance

It is often postulated that an increased hip to shoulder differential angle (`X-Factor') during the early downswing better utilises the stretch-shorten cycle and improves golf performance. The current study aims to examine the potential relationship between the X-Factor and performance during the tee-shot. Seven golfers with handicaps between 0 and 10 strokes comprised the low-handicap group, whilst the high-handicap group consisted of eight golfers with handicaps between 11 and 20 strokes. The golfers performed 20 drives and three-dimensional kinematic data were used to quantify hip and shoulder rotation and the subsequent X-Factor. Compared with the low-handicap group, the high-handicap golfers tended to demonstrate greater hip rotation at the top of the backswing and recorded reduced maximum X-Factor values. The inconsistencies evident in the literature may suggest that a universal method of measuring rotational angles during the golf swing would be beneficial for future studies, particularly when considering potential injury.

3-D reconstruction of an ancient Egyptian mummy using X-ray computer tomography

Computer tomography has been used to image and reconstruct in 3-D an Egyptian mummy from the collection of the British Museum. This study of Tjentmutengebtiu, a priestess from the 22nd dynasty (945-715 BC) revealed invaluable information of a scientific, Egyptological and palaeopathological nature without mutilation and destruction of the painted cartonnage case or linen wrappings. Precise details on the removal of the brain through the nasal cavity and the viscera from the abdominal cavity were obtained. The nature and composition of the false eyes were investigated. The detailed analysis of the teeth provided a much closer approximation of age at death. The identification of materials used for the various amulets including that of the figures placed in the viscera was graphically demonstrated using this technique.

X-ray computed tomography

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging technique that produces images of trans-axial planes through the human body. When compared with a conventional radiograph, which is an image of many planes superimposed on each other, a CT image exhibits significantly improved contrast although this is at the expense of reduced spatial resolution.----- A CT image is reconstructed mathematically from a large number of one dimensional projections of the chosen plane. These projections are acquired electronically using a linear array of solid-state detectors and an x ray source that rotates around the patient.----- X-ray computed tomography is used routinely in radiological examinations. It has also be found to be useful in special applications such as radiotherapy treatment planning and three-dimensional imaging for surgical planning.

Customer satisfaction survey of the facilities provided by office building “X” in Surabaya

Many high-rise office buildings have been built in Surabaya. The investors have provided complimentary facilities to satisfy their tenants. However, not all given facilities has satisfied the tenants. The purpose of this study is to find out the level of tenant satisfaction in office “X” to the existing facilities and to suggest additional required facilities. Although office “X” is offered the highest rental rate and has known as a prestigious place in Surabaya, only location and public transport have satisfied the Indonesian tenants. Meanwhile, the multi National companies have not satisfied for any existing facilities. Additional ATM facilities and presentable cafeteria, improvement of service and the security system are required by tenants.

Smectite flocculation structure modified by AI13 macromolecules; as revealed by the Transmission X-ray Microscopy (TXM)

The aggregate structure which occurs in aqueous smectitic suspensions is responsible for poor water clarification, difficulties in sludge dewatering and the unusual rheological behaviour of smectite rich soils. These macroscopic properties are dictated by the 3-D structural arrangement of smectite finest fraction within flocculated aggregates. Here, we report results from a relatively new technique, Transmission X-ray Microscopy (TXM), which makes it possible to investigate the internal structure and 3-D tomographic reconstruction of the smectite clay aggregates modified by Al13 keggin macro-molecule [Al13(O)4(OH)24(H2O)12 ]7+. Three different treatment methods were shown resulted in three different micro-structural environments of the resulting flocculation.

Unwrapping an ancient Egyptian mummy using x-rays

This article describes a project to unwrap an ancient Egyptian mummy using X-ray computed tomography (CT). About 600 X-ray CT images were obtained through the mummified body of a female named Tjetmutjengebtiu (or Jeni for short), who was a singer in the great temple of Karnak in Egypt during the 22nd dynasty (c. 945-715 BC). The X-ray CT images reveal details of the remains of body organs, wrappings and jewellery. 3D reconstructions of Jeni’s teeth suggest that she was probably only around 20 years old when she died, although the cause of death cannot be ascertained from the CT scans. The CT images were used to build a 3D model of Jeni’s head which enabled an artist to paint a picture of what Jeni may have looked like during life. A PowerPoint presentation and movie clips are provided as supplementary material that may be useful for teaching.