Three-year-olds are sensitive to semantic prominence during online language comprehension

Recent evidence from adult pronoun comprehension suggests that semantic factors such as verb transitivity affect referent salience and thereby anap- hora resolution. We tested whether the same semantic factors influence pronoun comprehension in young children. In a visual world study, 3-year- olds heard stories that began with a sentence containing either a high or a low transitivity verb. Looking behaviour to pictures depicting the subject and object of this sentence was recorded as children listened to a subsequent sentence containing a pronoun. Children showed a stronger preference to look to the subject as opposed to the object antecedent in the low transitivity condition. In addition there were general preferences (1) to look to the subject in both conditions and (2) to look more at both potential antecedents in the high transitivity condition. This suggests that children, like adults, are affected by semantic factors, specifically semantic prominence, when interpreting anaphoric pronouns.

The magnetohydrostatic equilibrium of horizontal prominence of torus configuration

There are several examples of horizontal ringlike prominences in the observations of Ha monochromatic image of the sun. In the present paper the statie equilibrium of the plasma loop is discussed. The analytic solutions to magnetic field and density are obtained for the axisymmetrie case under the closed boundary condition. Results show the great influence of the gravity and different force-free factors on the configurations of magnetic surfaces and the distributions of thermodynamical quantities for the prominence.

Static equilibrium of horizontal ring prominence

In 1980 the Beijing Observatory had successively observed sevesal rare completely closed ring prominences whose ring plane was approximately parallel to the solar surface with a characteristic life about 1—2 days. In this paper we discuss the static equilibrium of this kind of horizontal ring plasma under the simultaneous actions of magnetic force, gravity and pressure gradients. Assuming ring plasma with axisymmetry and rectangular plasma cross-section and adopting closed magnetic field boundary condition from the basic equations we obtain the exact zero order general solutions for magnetic field (force-free field) and density (pressure). We further obtain an eigen-solution for the zero order magnetic field and density as well as the first order magnetic field, thus giving a kind of the possible distribution of magnetic field and density for the horizontal closed ring prominence. The closed magnetic structure of ring prominence as presented in this paper, has no link with the force lines of the outside corona magnetic field. This is helpful to explain the great temperature difference between prominenee and corona.

The dynamical process of a coronal transient associated with an eruptive prominence .1. Basic mechanism

The statistical correlation between an eruptive prominence and the coronal transient associated with this prominence implies that there should be a relationship between these two kinds of dynamical processes. This paper analyzes the dynamical effect of a plasma

The dynamical process of a coronal transient associated with an eruptive prominence .2. Analytical solutions in finite regions

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Noncooperative foundations for the Kalai-Smorodinsky and equal sacrifice solutions via prominence structures

In bargaining, players may adopt different prominence structures when making demands: (i) each player might use (1/N)th of his maximum monetary payoff as the prominence level or (ii) players might use a common prominence level. This paper considers a scheme in which players alternate making demands. It turns out that if the prominence levels described by (i) are used and if players have utilities linear in money, the outcome of this scheme converges to that of the Kalai-Smorodinsky solution as players' prominence levels get smaller. If the common prominence level of (ii) is used and if players have identical constant marginal utilities of money, the outcome of this scheme converges to that of the equal sacrifice solution as that prominence level gets smaller.

Quantifying the positive effects of sponsor level, length, prominence and relatedness on recall and residual recall rates over time

This study is the first multi-year examination of the relative influence of the four main variables said to influence sponsorship recall. Sponsor recall data were collected from season ticket holders (STHs) of 10 professional sports teams, over periods ranging from 3 to 5 years per team. Across those teams and over that time, 309 sponsor–team relationships were examined, and sponsor recall data from over 117,000 individual STHs were collected. Sponsorship length and level were shown to have the strongest impact on recall, followed by relatedness and prominence. These variables affected both the recall of current sponsors and the decay rates of residual recall following the end of a sponsorship. The average rates of sponsor recall growth and decline have been derived from these data, giving managers a tool by which to benchmark sport sponsorship recall performance.

How website design options affect content prominence: a literature-derived framework applied to SME websites

The literature offers a fragmented view of design options with thepotential to affect the prominence of selected content (e.g., privacyinformation) on organizational websites. This article contributesto knowledge by consolidating the design options into a singleframework. It argues that future research should consider howthe design options in combination, not just individually, can affectcontent prominence. The article summarizes the types of qualitativeand quantitative studies needed to apply and extend the framework.It presents an example qualitative study showing how theframework can be applied to, and extended by, examining the prominence of ecologically sustainable practices (i.e., green content)on small and medium enterprise websites. The example studyemphasizes the value of the framework by illustrating how contentprominence may vary depending on interrelationships betweendesign options. The article finally offers suggestions on how practitioners and developers can use the framework when making website design decisions.

Contribution of the study of the styloid prominence in the posterior tympanic cavity

70 human temporal bones were analyzed with the aid of an otologic microscope. The styloid prominence was found to be extremely variable in shape, location and occurrence. Depending on the degree of development, the prominence establishes important relationships with the sinus tympani, with the fossula of the cochlear fenestra, and with the suprapyramidal recess. Serial sections were used to study the relationship of the styloid process with the facial nerve inside the bony mass of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone.