Ship-in-a-bottle synthesis of 2,4,6-triphenylthiapyrylium cations encapsulated in zeolites Y and beta: a novel robust photocatalyst

The 2,4,6-triphenylthiapyrylium ion has been obtained imprisoned inside the supercages of the tridirectional, large pore zeolites Y and beta via ship-in-a-bottle synthesis from chalcone and acetophenone in the presence of hydrogen sulfide. The resulting solids are efficient and robust photocatalysts that are able to degrade phenol and aniline in water with a higher efficiency than the P-25 TiO2 standard. Preliminary tests have shown that these encapsulated dye materials are also efficient photocatalysts for the oxidative degradation of malodorous sulfurcontaining molecules.

Materiais SiO2-TiO2 para a degradação fotocatalítica de diuron

SiO2-TiO2 materials prepared by sol-gel method were evaluated in the photocatalytic degradation of diuron. The materials were prepared with and without surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride at different temperatures (25, 50 and 100 ºC). The samples were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption measurements, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results showed that the materials synthesized with the surfactant had higher surface areas and band-gap values similar to anatase. All materials were more active than the commercial catalyst P-25 and better performance was achieved using the surfactant in the material synthesis.

Degradação de poluentes orgânicos utilizando filmes de TiO2 modificados com íons prata

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds with new TiO2 catalysts

[EN] New TiO2 catalysts have been synthesised by means of a sol–gel method in which aggregates have been selected before thermal treatment. Sieving and calcination temperature have been proved to be key factors in obtaining catalysts with greater photoactivity than that of Degussa P-25. These new catalysts have been characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The different parameters studied were compared to those obtained from two commercial catalysts (Degussa P-25 and Hombikat-UV100). The photocatalytic efficiency of the new catalysts was evaluated by the degradation of various phenolic compounds using UV light (maximum around 365 nm, 9mW). The catalyst sieved and calcinated at 1023 K, ECT-1023t, showed phenol degradation rates 2.7 times higher than those of Degussa P-25. Also in the degradation of different phenolic compounds, this catalyst showed a higher activity than that of the commercial one. The high photoactivity of this new catalyst has been attributed to the different distribution of surface defects (determined from FTIR studies) and its increased capacity to yield H2O2

Photocatalytic oxidation of propene in gas phase at low concentration by optimized TiO2 nanoparticles

In the present study, nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared by sol–gel method at low temperature from titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and characterized by different techniques (gas adsorption, XRD, TEM and FTIR). Variables of the synthesis, such as the hydrolyzing agent (acetic acid or isopropanol) and calcination temperatures (300–800 °C), were analyzed to get uniform size TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect that these two variables have on the structure of the resultant TiO2 nanoparticles and on their photocatalytic activity is investigated. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 nanoparticles were evaluated for propene oxidation at low concentration (100 ppmv) under two different kinds of UV light (UV-A ∼ 365 nm and UV-C ∼ 257.7 nm) and compared with Degussa TiO2 P-25, used as reference sample. The results show that both hydrolyzing agents allow to prepare TiO2 nanoparticles and that the hydrolyzing agent influences the crystalline structure and its change with the thermal treatments. Interestingly, the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles possess anatase phase with small crystalline size, high surface area and higher photocatalytic activity for propene oxidation than commercial TiO2 (Degussa P-25) under UV-light. Curiously, these prepared TiO2 nanoparticles are more active with the 365 nm source than with the 257.7 nm UV-light, which is a remarkable advantage from an application point of view. Additionally, the obtained results are particularly good when acetic acid is the hydrolyzing agent at both wavelengths used, possibly due to the high crystallinity, low anatase phase size and high surface oxygen groups’ content in the nanoparticles prepared with it, in comparison to those prepared using isopropanol.

Photocatalytic degradation of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin, using titanium dioxide and UV irradiation

Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii produces the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin, which is commonly found in SouthEast Queensland water reservoirs, and has been responsible for the closure of these reservoirs as a source of drinking water in recent times. Thus, alternative more effective treatment methods need to be investigated for the removal of toxins such as cylindrospermopsin. This study examined the effectiveness of two brands of titanium dioxide under UV photolysis for the degradation of cylindrospermopsin. Results indicate that titanium dioxide is an efficient photocatalyst for cylindrospermopsin degradation. The titanium dioxide (TiO2), brand Degussa P-25 was found to be more efficient than the alternate brand Hombikat UV-100. There was an influence from solution pH (4, 7, and 9) with both brands of titanium dioxide, with high pH resulting in the best degradation rate. Importantly, there was no adsorption of cylindrospermopsin to titanium dioxide particles as seen with other cyanotoxins, which would adversely influence the degradation rate. Degradation rates were not influenced by temperature (19-34 degreesC) when P-25 was the source of TiO2, some temperature influence was observed with UV-100. Dissolved organic carbon concentration will reduce the efficiency of titanium dioxide for cylindrospermopsin degradation, however the presence of other inorganic matter in natural waters greatly assists the photocatalytic process. With minimal potentially toxic by-product formation expected with this treatment, and the effective degradation of cylindrospermopsin, titanium dioxide UV photolysis is a promising speculative alternative water treatment method. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is inversely associated with serum MMP-9 in a cross-sectional study of African American ESRD patients.

BACKGROUND: Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration is inversely associated with peripheral arterial disease and hypertension. Vascular remodeling may play a role in this association, however, data relating vitamin D level to specific remodeling biomarkers among ESRD patients is sparse. We tested whether 25(OH)D concentration is associated with markers of vascular remodeling and inflammation in African American ESRD patients.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among ESRD patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis within Emory University-affiliated outpatient hemodialysis units. Demographic, clinical and dialysis treatment data were collected via direct patient interview and review of patients records at the time of enrollment, and each patient gave blood samples. Associations between 25(OH)D and biomarker concentrations were estimated in univariate analyses using Pearson's correlation coefficients and in multivariate analyses using linear regression models. 25(OH) D concentration was entered in multivariate linear regression models as a continuous variable and binary variable (<15 ng/ml and =15 ng/ml). Adjusted estimate concentrations of biomarkers were compared between 25(OH) D groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, results were stratified by vascular access type.RESULTS: Among 91 patients, mean (standard deviation) 25(OH)D concentration was 18.8 (9.6) ng/ml, and was low (<15 ng/ml) in 43% of patients. In univariate analyses, low 25(OH) D was associated with lower serum calcium, higher serum phosphorus, and higher LDL concentrations. 25(OH) D concentration was inversely correlated with MMP-9 concentration (r = -0.29, p = 0.004). In multivariate analyses, MMP-9 concentration remained negatively associated with 25(OH) D concentration (P = 0.03) and anti-inflammatory IL-10 concentration positively correlated with 25(OH) D concentration (P = 0.04).CONCLUSIONS: Plasma MMP-9 and circulating 25(OH) D concentrations are significantly and inversely associated among ESRD patients. This finding may suggest a potential mechanism by which low circulating 25(OH) D functions as a cardiovascular risk factor.

Catalogue d'une importante collection de vignettes par ou d'après Borel, Choffard, Eisen, Gravelot, Lebarbier, Marillier, Monnet, Moreau le jeune, Queverdo et autres, Portraits des XVIe, XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, Estampes, dessins des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, autographes, suites de figures, composant la collection de Mr H. de G. La vente aura lieu du lundi 27 février au mercredi 8 mars 1893... 28 rue des Bons-Enfants... / Me Maurice Delestre, commissaire-priseur ; [expert] M. Ch. Porquet, libraire, M. P. Roblin, marchand d'estampes

[Vente. Art. 1893-02-27 - 1893-03-08. Paris]

ALBUM AMICORUM de Jean Durand (1583-1592). In-8 de 2 f. lim. et 380 p., mar. r., comp. de mos. de mar. v., riche dorure à petits fers, tr. dor. et ciselée. (Rel. du XVIe siècle.)

Durand (Jean). Album amicorum (1583-1592)

La regulaci??n de las ense??anzas de sordomudos en la Ley de Instrucci??n P??blica de 1857 : antecedentes

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Escuela p??blica y educaci??n como pr??ctica de cooperaci??n : otra globalizaci??n es posible

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Rediscovery and redescription of the type of Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900 and the taxonomic status of P. oligolepis Gomes, 1921 (Serpentes, Colubridae)

Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900 was previously known only from the holotype, which was believed to be lost during the World Wars. We found the holotype to be housed in the Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin and here redescribe it and report on three additional specimens from the collections of the Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo and Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin. We conclude that Philodryas oligolepis Gomes, 1921 and P. affinis Muller, 1928 are junior synonyms of Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900. All specimens share the presence of a black mucosa surrounding the larynx and trachea in the floor of the mouth and distal rows of middle sized spines disposed in a typical ""V-shaped"" configuration on the asulcate surface of the hemipenial body, two uniquely derived features absent in all other species of the genus Philodryas. Intraspecific variation of external morphology, hemipenes, and coloration are documented.