Inorganic general, medical and pharmaceutical chemistry, theoretical and practical; a text-book and laboratory manual, containing theoretical, descriptive, and technological chemistry;

Mode of access: Internet.

NOVEL AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER-TARGETED RADIOTRACERS FOR BREAST CANCER IMAGING

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the world. Its 5-year survival rate ranges from 23.4% in patients with stage IV to 98% in stage I disease, highlighting the importance of early detection and diagnosis. 18F-2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG), using positron emission tomography (PET), is the most common functional imaging tool for breast cancer diagnosis currently. Unfortunately, 18F-FDG-PET has several limitations such as poorly differentiating tumor tissues from inflammatory and normal brain tissues. Therefore, 18F-labeled amino acid-based radiotracers have been reported as an alternative, which is based on the fact that tumor cells uptake and consume more amino acids to sustain their uncontrolled growth. Among those radiotracers, 18F-labeled tyrosine and its derivatives have shown high tumor uptake and great ability to differentiate tumor tissue from inflammatory sites in brain tumors and squamous cell carcinoma. They enter the tumor cells via L-type amino acid transporters (LAT), which were reported to be highly expressed in many cancer cell lines and correlate positively with tumor growth. Nevertheless, the low radiosynthesis yield and demand of an on-site cyclotron limit the use of 18F-labeled tyrosine analogues. In this study, four Technetium-99m (99mTc) labeled tyrosine/ AMT (α-methyl tyrosine)-based radiotracers were successfully synthesized and evaluated for their potentials in breast cancer imaging. In order to radiolabel tyrosine and AMT, the chelators N,N’-ethylene-di-L-cysteine (EC) and 1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclotetradecane (N4 cyclam) were selected to coordinate 99mTc. These chelators have been reported to provide stable chelation ability with 99mTc. By using the chelator technology, the same target ligand could be labeled with different radioisotopes for various imaging modalities for tumor diagnosis, or for internal radionuclide therapy in future. Based on the in vitro and in vivo evaluation using the rat mammary tumor models, 99mTc-EC-AMT is considered as the most suitable radiotracer for breast cancer imaging overall, however, 99mTc-EC-Tyrosine will be more preferred for differential diagnosis of tumor from inflammation.

AM 6545: A Novel Peripheral CB1 Antagonist

Obesity and other related metabolic disorders are a common problem in the United States. Consequently, several drug therapies have been developed in an attempt to address this problem. Many older appetite suppressants, such as amphetamines, were dangerous and potentially addictive. For the last few years, the endocannabinoid system was investigated as a potential target for appetite suppression. Unfortunately, early cannabinoid CB1 antagonists came with an unacceptable side effect profile of their own, which is largely due to central actions of these drugs. In an attempt to reduce the side effect profile, researchers are investigating peripherally acting cannabinoid antagonists, which do not penetrate the blood brain barrier. This study investigated AM 6545, a novel peripheral cannabinoid antagonist, for its effects on food reinforced instrumental behavior. In the end, the results indicated that AM6545 produced a dose-related suppression of lever pressing for food reinforcement.

Vegetable fats and oils, the chemistry, production and utilization of vegetable fats and oils for edible, medicinal and technical purposes,

Includes references.

The Edinburgh new dispensatory ... : digested in a regular method and the different departments : enriched by the Introduction and application of the later discoveries in Natural History, Chemistry, and Medicines ... new tables of elective atractions ... and copperplates of chemical and pharmaceutical instruments ... / by gentlemen of the Faculty at Edinburgh

Mode of access: Internet.

Merck's Annual Report of Recent Advances in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics

Title Varies: 1898-1900, Annual Report; 1906- Report on the Advancements of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics; 1909-14, E. Merck's Annual Report of Recent Advances In Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics

Compatibility studies between captopril and pharmaceutical excipients used in tablets formulations

Captopril (CAP) was the first commercially available angiotensine-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. In the anti-hypertensive therapy is considered the selected drug has to be therapeutically effective together with reduced toxicity. CAP is an antihypertensive drug currently being administered in tablet form. In order to investigate the possible interactions between CAP and excipients in tablets formulations, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis completed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for compatibility studies. A possible drug-excipient interaction was observed with magnesium stearate by DSC technique.