Managing people and performance:An evidence based framework applied to health service organizations

People and their performance are key to an organization's effectiveness. This review describes an evidence-based framework of the links between some key organizational influences and staff performance, health and well-being. This preliminary framework integrates management and psychological approaches, with the aim of assisting future explanation, prediction and organizational change. Health care is taken as the focus of this review, as there are concerns internationally about health care effectiveness. The framework considers empirical evidence for links between the following organizational levels: 1. Context (organizational culture and inter-group relations; resources, including staffing; physical environment) 2. People management (HRM practices and strategies; job design, workload and teamwork; employee involvement and control over work; leadership and support) 3. Psychological consequences for employees (health and stress; satisfaction and commitment; knowledge, skills and motivation) 4. Employee behaviour (absenteeism and turnover; task and contextual performance; errors and near misses) 5. Organizational performance; patient care. This review contributes to an evidence base for policies and practices of people management and performance management. Its usefulness will depend on future empirical research, using appropriate research designs, sufficient study power and measures that are reliable and valid.

Managing people to promote innovation

There is growing evidence available to suggest that Human Resource Management (HRM) practice is an important predictor of organizational performance. Drawing upon organizational learning perspectives, we argue that HRM systems also have the potential to promote organizational innovation. We present longitudinal data from thirty-five UK manufacturing organizations to suggest that effective HRM systems – incorporating sophisticated approaches to recruitment and selection, induction, appraisal and training – predict organizational innovation in products and production technology. We further show that organizational innovation is enhanced where there is a supportive learning climate, and inhibited (for innovation in production processes) where there is a link between appraisal and remuneration.

A gest??o de pessoas como um recurso estrat??gico

O texto examina as estrat??gias e os sistemas que devem ser considerados para se alcan??ar a melhor gest??o de recursos humanos no setor p??blico. Inicialmente, baseado em tr??s modelos tradicionais de administra????o p??blica, sugere uma abordagem hol??stica para aumentar a efetividade da gest??o. Em seguida, defende a id??ia de um ??rg??o ???guardi??o??? central, que considere o princ??pio do m??rito e que divida com os ??rg??os de linha a responsabilidade sobre a GRH. Mostra, ainda, a import??ncia de institucionalizar os valores da imparcialidade, do profissionalismo e da responsividade. Ao tratar da profissionaliza????o da GRH, ressalta a necessidade de uma pol??tica que defina como a gest??o de pessoas contribuir?? para o alcance de objetivos governamentais. Para isso, prop??e a aplica????o de um modelo integrado baseado em compet??ncias e o desenvolvimento de uma pol??tica salarial que permita a atra????o e reten????o de talentos no setor p??blico. Ao final, o texto apresenta os pr??s e contras da gest??o por desempenho, bem como os desafios de um redimensionamento organizacional no servi??o p??blico.

Tiimien ja virtuaalitiimien johtaminen

Tutkimus etsii vastauksia siihen, kuinka henkilöitä pitäisi johtaa tiimeissä ja virtuaalitiimeissä. Tarkastelunäkökulmana on kahdeksan henkilöjohtamisen haastetta. Teoriaosassa esitellään tärkeimmät haasteet ja kerätään johtamiskirjallisuudesta tutkimustietoa erityisesti virtuaalitiimien johtamiseen. Empiriaosa liittyy WM-data Novossa kesäkuussa 2004 tehtyyn tiimikyselyyn. Siinä pääasiassa avoimin kysymyksin selvitettiin vastaajilta heidän mielipiteitään johtamisesta, tiimityöskentelystä, yhteishengestä ja motiiveista. Tutkimus osoittaa, että virtuaalitiimit ovat tehokkaita oikeissa olosuhteissa. Toisaalta virtuaalitiimeissä on vaikeaa luoda suhteita ja hallita sellaisia henkilöresursseja, jotka ovat vastuussa muistakin töistä virtuaalitiimin ohessa. Tutkimustuloksena syntyy malli haasteiden voittamisesta. Siihen on koottu käytännön toimenpiteitä, joilla johtamista voi mainituissa haastealueissa parantaa.

Creating dynamic continuous improvement system for Larox Corporation

Today´s organizations must have the ability to react to rapid changes in the market. These rapid changes cause pressure to continuously find new efficient ways to organize work practices. Increased competition requires businesses to become more effective and to pay attention to quality of management and to make people to understand their work's impact on the final result. The fundamentals in continmuois improvement are systematic and agile tackling of indentified individual process constraints and the fact tha nothin finally improves without changes. Successful continuous improvement requires management commitment, education, implementation, measurement, recognition and regeneration. These ingredients form the foundation, both for breakthrough projects and small step ongoing improvement activities. One part of the organization's management system are the quality tools, which provide systematic methodologies for identifying problems, defining their root causes, finding solutions, gathering and sorting of data, supporting decision making and implementing the changes, and many other management tasks. Organizational change management includes processes and tools for managing the people in an organizational level change. These tools include a structured approach, which can be used for effective transition of organizations through change. When combined with the understanding of change management of individuals, these tools provide a framework for managing people in change,

Análise de clima organizacional : um estudo com os militares do comando de fronteira Amapá

As organizações militares são sistemas constituídos com a finalidade de operacionalizar suas forças armadas para atuarem contra ameaças à integridade política do país. Dentro deste contexto é essencial que se tenha recursos humanos altamente qualificados, treinados, motivados e bem equipados para a preservação dos interesses vitais de uma nação. Desta forma analisar o clima organizacional do Comando de Fronteira Amapá é de fundamental importância para verificar aspectos que possam ocasionar deficiências no processo gerencial, bem como potencializar aspectos motivacionais inerentes à gestão de pessoas O trabalho realizado utilizou a pesquisa bibliográfica, de campo e documental na qual possibilitou o estudo de forma sistematizada, permitindo analisar o clima organizacional no Comando de Fronteira Amapá. A pesquisa foi realizada em caráter exploratório na qual empregou-se técnicas como o questionário e entrevistas com os militares da organização, na qual oportunizou-se a visualização de fatos através de observações na corporação.A análise da estrutura organizacional é primordial para a obtenção de fatores que possam prejudicar o clima organizacional e conseqüentemente a motivação dos militares, propondo estratégias a fim de melhorar o desempenho organizacional.

Elderly learners and Massive Open Online Courses: a review

Background: Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have become commonplace in the e-learning landscape. Thousands of elderly learners are participating in courses offered by various institutions on a multitude of platforms in many different languages. However, there is very little research into understanding elderly learners in MOOCs. Objective: We aim to show that a considerable proportion of elderly learners are participating in MOOCs and that there is a lack of research in this area. We hope this assertion of the wide gap in research on elderly learners in MOOCs will pave the way for more research in this area. Methods: Pre-course survey data for 10 University of Reading courses on the FutureLearn platform were analyzed to show the level of participation of elderly learners in MOOCs. Two MOOC aggregator sites (Class Central and MOOC List) were consulted to gather data on MOOC offerings that include topics relating to aging. In parallel, a selected set of MOOC platform catalogues, along with a recently published review on health and medicine-related MOOCs, were searched to find courses relating to aging. A systematic literature search was then employed to identify research articles on elderly learners in MOOCs. Results: The 10 courses reviewed had a considerable proportion of elderly learners participating in them. For the over-66 age group, this varied from 0.5% (on the course “Managing people”) to 16.3% (on the course “Our changing climate”), while for the over-56 age group it ranged from 3.0% (on “A beginners guide to writing in English”) to 39.5% (on “Heart health”). Only six MOOCs were found to include topics related to aging: three were on the Coursera platform, two on the FutureLearn platform, and one on the Open2Study platform. Just three scholarly articles relating to MOOCs and elderly learners were retrieved from the literature search. Conclusions: This review presents evidence to suggest that elderly learners are already participating in MOOCs. Despite this, there has been very little research into their engagement with MOOCs. Similarly, there has been little research into exploiting the scope of MOOCs for delivering topics that would be of interest to elderly learners. We believe there is potential to use MOOCs as a way of tackling the issue of loneliness among older adults by engaging them as either resource personnel or learners.

Gestão de pessoas na Procuradoria Geral do Município do Rio de Janeiro

This study aimed to verify the type of Personnel Management adopted during the period between January 2005 and December 2008 at the Municipal General Attorney¿s Office (PGM-RJ) is compatible with the challenges of society and management people in the twenty-first century and why. To enable this conclusion, the means used were the research literature, documentary and field, through a process of self-ethnography. The literature review presented the evolutionary process and culture of public administration in Brazil, the new challenges of society and people management in the twenty-first century, the evolutionary process of managing people and its main approaches and models. The field research provided data wich related to them with the literature review, allowed to identify the predominant features of public administration and culture of PGM-RJ and the people management approaches identified. In addition, the study highlights that despite the effort in making changes and advances in the use of many different ideas of functionalist approach, the human resource practices adopted in the PGM-RJ during the period between January 2005 and December 2008 were not fully compatible with the challenges of society and people management in the twenty-first century.

Dirigentes públicos, política e gestão: o sistema de alta direção pública chileno

O presente trabalho discute o tema dos dirigentes públicos, atores recentemente debatidos pela literatura como um grupo específico que atua orientado a resultados e à criação de valor público. Em geral, são escassos os estudos que discutem os dirigentes públicos empiricamente; assim, mostraremos os papéis que desempenham argumentando que são atores fundamentais para a formulação e implementação das políticas públicas na medida em que são capazes de dialogar tanto com a esfera política como com a da gestão. Para isso, analisaremos o caso Chileno, experiência bastante consolidada que reconhece o dirigente público como ator distinto dos demais, regido por regras específicas de recrutamento, seleção, nomeação e gestão segundo acordos de resultados. Apresentaremos uma análise dos dirigentes chilenos baseada em uma perspectiva histórica tanto sobre o surgimento e consolidação do Sistema de Alta Direção Pública como em relação às tensões e complementaridades entre tecnocratas e políticos que marcaram os governos chilenos no período que compreende desde a redemocratização até os dias atuais. Mostraremos que este Sistema nasce no contexto de um acordo político entre governo e oposição em busca da modernização e profissionalização do Estado e que as dimensões da política e da gestão são pilares centrais do modelo, presentes em todas as suas esferas, tais como seu desenho institucional e regras de gestão de pessoas e do desempenho.