Programa Nacional de Melhoramento do Guzerá para Leite: resultados do Teste de Progênie, do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Zebuínos da ABCZ e do Núcleo MOET.

2016

Factors affecting the survival of sheep embryos after transfer within a MOET program

F. Baria, M. Khalid, W. Haresign, A. Murray and B. Merrell (2003). Factors affecting the survival of sheep embryos after transfer within a MOET program. Theriogenology, 59 (5/6), 1265-1275. Sponsorship: DEFRA RAE2008

Mus Hs 7 - Psalmboek : voor orgel en clavicimbel, behelzende de CL psalmen, en gewoone lofzangen, op de ordinaire & sleute gesteld, en met een bas daar egens, en een bas continuo daar booven geteekent, met noch een twééde loopende bas, ofte bas obligato, dienende tot een variatio ; alsmede ider Psalm in zyn toon getransponeert, waar in dezelve moet gespeelt, en gezongen werden, voor't orgel, clavecimbel, en andre instrumenten

door Hk: Radeker

Onderwijs moet op de schop

Weergave van een interview met Ton Mooij over de aard en inrichting van optimaal universitair onderwijs, ook voor cognitief hoogbegaafde studenten.

Leadership to support quality improvement in Vietnamese higher education

The impetus for the study reported in this paper is the Higher Education (HE) reform agenda outlined by the Vietnamese Ministry of Education and Training (MOET). The paper reports on phase one of a mixed method research; a quantitative approach using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to investigate the Vietnamese HE leaders’ leadership styles. The MLQ survey was administered to approximately 190 senior managers in State HE institutions in Mekong Delta region in Vietnam (nine of colleges). The psychometrics of the MLQ for the Vietnamese sample confirmed the reliability and validity of the instrument with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.779. A CFA was conducted and all factor structures were stable and consistent. The demographic variables were used to analyse patterns of leadership behaviours by the different sub-groups. The findings suggest that leaders who have different educational background and different gender in Mekong Delta region, Vietnam do not differ significantly in their perceptions about leadership factors.

Where and how to conserve: Extending the scope of spatial reserve network design

Ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation threaten much of the biodiversity that we know today. As such, conservation efforts are required if we want to protect biodiversity. Conservation budgets are typically tight, making the cost-effective selection of protected areas difficult. Therefore, reserve design methods have been developed to identify sets of sites, that together represent the species of conservation interest in a cost-effective manner. To be able to select reserve networks, data on species distributions is needed. Such data is often incomplete, but species habitat distribution models (SHDMs) can be used to link the occurrence of the species at the surveyed sites to the environmental conditions at these locations (e.g. climatic, vegetation and soil conditions). The probability of the species occurring at unvisited location is next predicted by the model, based on the environmental conditions of those sites. The spatial configuration of reserve networks is important, because habitat loss around reserves can influence the persistence of species inside the network. Since species differ in their requirements for network configuration, the spatial cohesion of networks needs to be species-specific. A way to account for species-specific requirements is to use spatial variables in SHDMs. Spatial SHDMs allow the evaluation of the effect of reserve network configuration on the probability of occurrence of the species inside the network. Even though reserves are important for conservation, they are not the only option available to conservation planners. To enhance or maintain habitat quality, restoration or maintenance measures are sometimes required. As a result, the number of conservation options per site increases. Currently available reserve selection tools do however not offer the ability to handle multiple, alternative options per site. This thesis extends the existing methodology for reserve design, by offering methods to identify cost-effective conservation planning solutions when multiple, alternative conservation options are available per site. Although restoration and maintenance measures are beneficial to certain species, they can be harmful to other species with different requirements. This introduces trade-offs between species when identifying which conservation action is best applied to which site. The thesis describes how the strength of such trade-offs can be identified, which is useful for assessing consequences of conservation decisions regarding species priorities and budget. Furthermore, the results of the thesis indicate that spatial SHDMs can be successfully used to account for species-specific requirements for spatial cohesion - in the reserve selection (single-option) context as well as in the multi-option context. Accounting for the spatial requirements of multiple species and allowing for several conservation options is however complicated, due to trade-offs in species requirements. It is also shown that spatial SHDMs can be successfully used for gaining information on factors that drive a species spatial distribution. Such information is valuable to conservation planning, as better knowledge on species requirements facilitates the design of networks for species persistence. This methods and results described in this thesis aim to improve species probabilities of persistence, by taking better account of species habitat and spatial requirements. Many real-world conservation planning problems are characterised by a variety of conservation options related to protection, restoration and maintenance of habitat. Planning tools therefore need to be able to incorporate multiple conservation options per site, in order to continue the search for cost-effective conservation planning solutions. Simultaneously, the spatial requirements of species need to be considered. The methods described in this thesis offer a starting point for combining these two relevant aspects of conservation planning.

全放牧婆罗门牛和BMY牛的超数排卵效果及激素水平比较

为了比较婆罗门牛和BMY牛的雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)水平及胚胎生产潜力,并探讨MOET技术在BMY牛扩繁中的应用前景,采用进口激素(日本产FSH 24~36 mg+美国产PG 35 mg)和国产激素(国产FSH 10~12 mg+国产PG 0.8 mg)对全放牧婆罗门牛和BMY牛进行超排,并于超排前(同期发情第7天)、超排开始、超排第3天、超排发情当天和胚胎回收当天采集血液,采用RIA法分析血浆中的E2和P4水平。结果表明,BMY牛的黄体数和获胚(卵)数、可用胚数分别较婆罗门牛高2.09个和0.95、0.36枚,但差异不显著(P>0.05);BMY牛的排卵率较婆罗门牛高18.46%(P<0.01),而可用胚率则较婆罗门牛低2.55%(P<0.01)。BMY牛在5个处理时段的E2和P4平均值分别较婆罗门牛高0.58 pg/mL(P<0.01)和1.44 ng/mL(P>0.05),在各处理时段的P4水平变化规律几乎与婆罗门牛一致,E2/P4值为婆罗门牛的5.16倍。结果提示,BMY母牛的E2和P4水平高于婆罗门牛,在激素水平和繁殖性能方面表现出一定的杂种优势;E2水平低是婆罗门牛发情微弱和排卵率低的主要原因...

新疆细毛羊超排胚胎移植核心群育种方案的确定

南山种羊场的育种方案是根据育种目标的4个选择标准，加权综合而形成。计算出的选择指数为：净毛质量＋21.08；毛束长度＋0.58；平均纤维直径-4．23；育成羊体质量＋1.47。估测该方案每世代遗传进展为1.6～2.1，选择指数标准差依MOET功率而定，与传统的育种改良方案（每世代遗传进展约为选择指数标准差）相比非常有益。

Infection mechanism of Diplodia corticola

Diplodia corticola is regarded as the most virulent fungus involved in cork oak decline, being able to infect not only Quercus species (mainly Q. suber and Q. ilex), but also grapevines (Vitis vinifera) and eucalypts (Eucalyptus sp.). This endophytic fungus is also a pathogen whose virulence usually manifests with the onset of plant stress. Considering that the infection normally culminates in host death, there is a growing ecologic and socio-economic concern about D. corticola propagation. The molecular mechanisms of infection are hitherto largely unknown. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to unveil potential virulence effectors implicated in D. corticola infection. This knowledge is fundamental to outline the molecular framework that permits the fungal invasion and proliferation in plant hosts, causing disease. Since the effectors deployed are mostly proteins, we adopted a proteomic approach. We performed in planta pathogenicity tests to select two D. corticola strains with distinct virulence degrees for our studies. Like other filamentous fungi D. corticola secretes protein at low concentrations in vitro in the presence of high levels of polysaccharides, two characteristics that hamper the fungal secretome analysis. Therefore, we first compared several methods of extracellular protein extraction to assess their performance and compatibility with 1D and 2D electrophoretic separation. TCA-Acetone and TCA-phenol protein precipitation were the most efficient methods and the former was adopted for further studies. The proteins were extracted and separated by 2D-PAGE, proteins were digested with trypsin and the resulting peptides were further analysed by MS/MS. Their identification was performed by de novo sequencing and/or MASCOT search. We were able to identify 80 extracellular and 162 intracellular proteins, a milestone for the Botryosphaeriaceae family that contains only one member with the proteome characterized. We also performed an extensive comparative 2D gel analysis to highlight the differentially expressed proteins during the host mimicry. Moreover, we compared the protein profiles of the two strains with different degrees of virulence. In short, we characterized for the first time the secretome and proteome of D. corticola. The obtained results contribute to the elucidation of some aspects of the biology of the fungus. The avirulent strain contains an assortment of proteins that facilitate the adaptation to diverse substrates and the identified proteins suggest that the fungus degrades the host tissues through Fenton reactions. On the other hand, the virulent strain seems to have adapted its secretome to the host characteristics. Furthermore, the results indicate that this strain metabolizes aminobutyric acid, a molecule that might be the triggering factor of the transition from a latent to a pathogenic state. Lastly, the secretome includes potential pathogenicity effectors, such as deuterolysin (peptidase M35) and cerato-platanin, proteins that might play an active role in the phytopathogenic lifestyle of the fungus. Overall, our results suggest that D. corticola has a hemibiotrophic lifestyle, switching from a biotrophic to a necrotrophic interaction after plant physiologic disturbances.This understanding is essential for further development of effective plant protection measures.

Recueil de poésies françaises et de discours latins de « Nicolas BERGIER, advocat à Reims ».

Contient : Sonnets de « Mr Dorat le nepveu, » etc ; « Chants nuptiaux sur le mariage de Claude l'Espagnol et Nicolle Moet, célébré à Reims le 17e may 1604 »

A deterministic simulation study of embryo marker-assisted selection for age at first calving in Nellore (Bos indicus) beef cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison of embryo yield and pregnancy rate between in vivo and in vitro methods in the same Nelore (Bos indicus) donor cows

To investigate why the preferred means to produce bovine embryos in Brazil has changed from in vivo to in vitro, we compared these two approaches in the same Nelore cows (n = 30) and assessed total embryo production and pregnancy rates. Without a specific schedule, all cows were subjected to ultrasound-guided ovum pick up (OPU)/in vitro production (IVP) and MOET, with intervals ranging from 15 to 45 d between procedures, respectively. To produce in vivo embryos, cows were superovulated and embryos were recovered nonsurgically from 1 to 3 times (1.4 +/- 0.6). whereas OPU/IVP was repeated from 1 to 5 times (3.2 +/- 1.2) in each donor cow during a 12-mo interval. Embryos obtained from both methods were transferred to crossbred heifers. on average. 25.6 +/- 15.3 immature oocytes were collected per OPU attempt. The average number of embryos produced by OPU/IVP (9.4 +/- 5.3) was higher (P < 0.05) than the MOET method (6.7 +/- 3.7). However, pregnancy rates were lower (P < 0.05) following transfer of IVP (33.5%) versus in vivo-derived embryos (41.5%) embryos. Embryonic losses between Days 30 and 60 and fetal sex ratio were similar (P > 0.05) between in vivo and in vitro-derived embryos. We concluded that in Nelore cows, with an interval of 15 d between OPU procedures, it was possible to produce more embryos and pregnancies compared to conventional MOET. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Use of LH or eCG in the last day of superestimulatory treatment

In the last decades several hormonal treatments to induce multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) have been developed. Tight control of the time of ovulation allowed the use of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in embryos donors, facilitating animal management. Although, protocols that allow FTAI have evolved and yield as much embryo as conventional protocols that requires estrus detection, substantial increase in viable embryo production has not been observed in superestimulated bovine cattle. The present mini-review put emphasis on superstimulatory protocols in which the last two doses of pFSH are replaced by eCG or LH. Recent results indicate that an extra LH stimulus (using eCG or LH), on the last day of P-36 superestimulatory treatment, seems to improve transferable embryo yield in both Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle.

Caracterização do crescimento folicular, ovulação e atividade lútea após tratamento com progestágenos de borregas pré-púberes Santa Inês portadores de gene FecGe

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)