First report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing stem rot disease of begonia (Begonia x elatior hort.) in Brazil

Lasiodiplodia theobromae was found causing stem rot on commercial production of Begonia x elatior in São Paulo, Brazil. Illustrations, morphological and molecular description are provided. Based on the morphology, this fungus was recognized as L. theobromae. However, L. theobromae has high similarity with other Lasiodiplodia species, some of which are not possible to be separated by morphological characters. Molecular identification of the fungus isolated from the infected tissues was conducted. The strain from begonia clustered with other isolates of L. theobromae. This is the first report of the occurrence of L. theobromae on B. elatior. © 2012 Australasian Plant Pathology Society Inc.

β- glucanas de Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMBJ: avaliação da atividade imunomoduladora e como filme transportador de fármaco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Otimização do cultivo de Lasiodiplodia theobromae para obtenção de EPS e caracterização física e química dos polissacarídeos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

(1→6)- and (1→3)(1→6)-β-glucans from Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMBJ: structural characterization and pro-inflammatory activity

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Biomassa do fungo filamentoso Lasiodiplodia theobromae: composição química e utilização como nutriente para bioprocesso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Lasiodiplodan, an exocellular (1 -> 6)-beta-d-glucan from Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI: production on glucose, fermentation kinetics, rheology and anti-proliferative activity

Lasiodiplodan, an exopolysaccharide of the (1 -> 6)-beta-d-glucan type, is produced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI when grown under submerged culture on glucose. The objective of this study was to evaluate lasiodiplodan production by examining the effects of carbon (glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose) and nitrogen sources (KNO3, (NH4)(2)SO4, urea, yeast extract, peptone), its production in shake flasks compared to a stirred-tank bioreactor, and to study the rheology of lasiodiplodan, and lasiodiplodan's anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Although glucose (2.05 +/- A 0.05 g L-1), maltose (2.08 +/- A 0.04 g L-1) and yeast extract (2.46 +/- A 0.06 g L-1) produced the highest amounts of lasiodiplodan, urea as N source resulted in more lasiodiplodan per unit biomass than yeast extract (0.74 +/- A 0.006 vs. 0.22 +/- A 0.008 g g(-1)). A comparison of the fermentative parameters of L. theobromae MMPI in shake flasks and a stirred-tank bioreactor at 120 h on glucose as carbon source showed maximum lasiodiplodan production in agitated flasks (7.01 +/- A 0.07 g L-1) with a specific yield of 0.25 +/- A 0.57 g g(-1) and a volumetric productivity of 0.06 +/- A 0.001 g L-1 h(-1). A factorial 2(2) statistical design developed to evaluate the effect of glucose concentration (20-60 g L-1) and impeller speed (100-200 rpm) on lasiodiplodan production in the bioreactor showed the highest production (6.32 g L-1) at 72 h. Lasiodiplodan presented pseudoplastic behaviour, and the apparent viscosity increased at 60A degrees C in the presence of CaCl2. Anti-proliferative activity of lasiodiplodan was demonstrated in MCF-7 cells, which was time- and dose-dependent with an IC50 of 100 mu g lasiodiplodan mL(-1).

Three new Lasiodiplodia spp. from the tropics, recognized based on DNA sequence comparisons and morphology

Botryosphaeria rhodina (anamorph Lasiodiplodia theobromae) is a common endophyte and opportunistic pathogen on more than 500 tree species in the tropics and subtropics. During routine disease surveys of plantations in Australia and Venezuela several isolates differing from L. theobromae were identified and subsequently characterized based upon morphology and ITS and EF1-a nucleotide sequences. These isolates grouped into three strongly supported clades related to but different from the known taxa, B. rhodina and L. gonubiensis, These have been described here as three new species L. venezuelensis sp. nov., L. crassispora sp. nov. and L. rubropurpurea sp. nov. The three could be distinguished easily from each other and the two described species of Lasiodiplodia, thus confirming phylogenetic separations. Furthermore all five Lasiodiplodia spp. now recognized separated from Diplodia spp. and Dothiorella spp. with 100% bootstrap support.

引起橡胶和马尾松木材蓝变的真菌—可可球二孢

<正> 可可球二泡(Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat.)早在1879年就被Cooke发现,目前,至少拥有48个异名,常见的异名是Diplodia theobromae(Pat.)Nowell,Diplodia natalensis PoleEvans,Lasiodiplodia theobromae(Pat.)Griff.＆ Maubl。Punithalingam和Sutton分别对该菌作过详细的评述。它广泛分布于热带、亚热带和温带。其寄主植物已知约500种,它不但引起植物病害,

Cancro do tronco da lima ácida Tahiti.

Esta enfermidade afeta somente a lima ácida Tahiti não causando nenhum dano a outras variedades de citros, ainda que sejam cultivadas no mesmo pomar. Inicialmente registrada no Texas em 1987, foi relatada no Brasil em 1993 na comunidade de Lagoa do Cedro no estado da Bahia e o seu agente causal identificado como Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Atualmente já foi registrada em vários estados do Norte, do Nordeste e do Sudeste do Brasil

Relationship between incidence and severity of cashew gummosis in semiarid north-eastern Brazil

The incidence-severity relationship for cashew gummosis, caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae, was studied to determine the feasibility of using disease incidence to estimate indirectly disease severity in order to establish the potential damage caused by this disease in semiarid north-eastern Brazil. Epidemics were monitored in two cashew orchards, from 1995 to 1998 in an experimental field composed of 28 dwarf clones, and from 2000 to 2002 in a commercial orchard of a single clone. The two sites were located 10 km from each other. Logarithmic transformation achieved the best linear adjustment of incidence and severity data as determined by coefficients of determination for place, age and pooled data. A very high correlation between incidence and severity was found in both fields, with different disease pressures, different cashew genotypes, different ages and at several epidemic stages. Thus, the easily assessed gummosis incidence could be used to estimate gummosis severity levels.

Sulfonation and anticoagulant activity of fungal exocellular β-(1→6)-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan)

An exocellular β-(1→6)-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan) produced by a strain of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (MMLR) grown on sucrose was derivatized by sulfonation to promote anticoagulant activity. The structural features of the sulfonated β-(1→6)-d-glucan were investigated by UV-vis, FT-IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the anticoagulant activity was investigated by the classical coagulation assays APTT, PT and TT using heparin as standard. The content of sulfur and degree of substitution of the sulfonated glucan was 11.73% and 0.95, respectively. UV spectroscopy showed a band at 261 nm due to the unsaturated bond formed in the sulfonation reaction. Results of FT-IR and 13C NMR indicated that sulfonyl groups were inserted on the polysaccharide. The sulfonated β-(1→6)-d-glucan presented anticoagulant activity as demonstrated by the increase in dose dependence of APTT and TT, and these actions most likely occurred because of the inserted sulfonate groups on the polysaccharide. The lasiodiplodan did not inhibit the coagulation tests. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Efeito de atmosfera modificada no controle de podridões pós-colheita e na qualidade de caqui cv. Fuyu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Inter-relações entre nematoides, fungo e a cultura da seringueira

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Fitopatógenos habitantes do solo na Amazônia.

Neste trabalho são descritos alguns patógenos habitantes do solo, dentre dezenas, que se destacam com os mais importantes na agricultura amazônica: Ralstonia solanacearum, raça 2. Thanatephorus cucumeris. Sclerotium coffeicola. Phytophthora drechsleri. Phytophthora palmivora. Aspergillus flavus e A. parasiticus. Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Ganoderma philippii, Rigidoporus lignosus e Phellinus noxius. Meloidogyne exigua, M. incognita e M. javanica. Radopholus similis.

Efeito da resistência natural e tratamentos químicos no lenho juvenil e adulto de Hevea brasiliensis Mull.Arg. ao fungo manchador Botryodiplodia theobromae e cupim Cryptotermes brevis

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA