FRÊNULO LABIAL SUPERIOR E INFERIOR: ESTUDO CLÍNICO QUANTO A MORFOLOGIA E LOCAL DE INSERÇÃO E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA HIGIENE BUCAL

Foi realizada uma pesquisa visando a avaliação morfológica e o local de inserção dos frênulos labiais superiores e inferiores. A amostra foi constituída de 100 pacientes em condições sócio-econômicas semelhantes, tendo-se observado que o frênulo labial simples foi o mais prevalente, inserindo o superior na gengiva inserida e o inferior, na mucosa alveolar. A distância média da inserção, em relação à borda gengival livre, foi de 4,4 mm para o superior e de 5,6 mm para o inferior. Foi possível, nessas áreas, manter o controle clínico da placa bacteriana

Conservative management of severe intrusion in a primary tooth: A 4-year follow-up

The purpose of this report was to describe the case of an 18-month-old boy who was referred to the pediatric clinic of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, 3 days after sustaining severe trauma that led to the complete intrusion of the primary maxillary right lateral incisor, a crown fracture of the primary maxillary right central incisor without pulp involvement, and disruption of the superior labial frenum. Four months later, spontaneous re-eruption was observed in the intruded tooth and no endodontic intervention was necessary in either traumatized teeth. Four years after the trauma, a morphological change in the germ of the permanent successor was noted. Clinical follow-up and periodic radiographies are necessary after traumatic intrusion of primary teeth to monitor possible sequelae in the permanent successors.

Abordagens periodontais na promoção da harmonia do sorriso

Several therapeutic approaches have been proposed in order to achieve an esthetically pleasing and harmony smile. The present study reports a case in which gingivectomy was performed in the region of the upper anterior teeth combined with osteotomy in the region of the upper posterior teeth and removal of the superior labial frenum to promote harmony smile by decreasing the gummy smile and adequacy of buccal corridor. Osteoplasty gingivoplasty, and frenectomy procedures were planned and performed in a single session. The extraction of the maxillary third molars was also performed in order to avoid postoperative complications. Follow-up visits were performed at 7, 15, 30 and 180 days postoperatively. At 7 days, the gingival tissue was in the initial process of healing, demonstrating inflammation still in evidence. At 15 days, the gingival tissue was found in the final healing process, showing characteristics of normal health gum. At 30 days, there was complete healing of gingival tissues without clinical exposure of the root surfaces. After 180 days, tissues remained in healthy, demonstrating the success of the treatment. Patient showed complete satisfaction with the results. It can be concluded that, when properly indicated, the combination of gingivectomy, osteotomy and frenectomy procedures are promising therapeutic approaches for promoting harmony smile.

Emprego de técnica cirúrgica e materiais adesivos diretos no fechamento de diastema

The following is a clinical case report of a patient whose main complaint was the presence of a generalized spacing in the anterior maxillary segment. After meticulous clinical analysis and discussions of the clinical procedures to be adopted, a labial frenectomy was our first choice, so that we could reduce the diastemas directly using composite resin. It was observed that the association of clinical and restorative procedures was capable of giving back shape, function and dental aesthetics, allowing to the young patient the satisfaction of smiling without any fear.

Identification of trail pheromone compounds from the labial glands of the stingless bee Geotrigona mombuca

Foragers of several species of stingless bees deposit pheromone spots in the vegetation to guide recruited nestmates to a rich food source. Recent studies have shown that Trigona and Scaptotrigona workers secrete these pheromones from their labial glands. An earlier report stated that species within the genus Geotrigona use citral from their mandibular glands for scent marking. Since convincing experimental proof for this conjecture is lacking, we studied the glandular origin of the trail pheromone of Geotrigona mombuca. In field bioassays, newly recruited bees were diverted by artificial scent trails that branched off from the natural scent trail deposited by their nestmates only when they were baited with extracts from the foragers` labial glands. Compounds extracted from the mandibular glands, however, did not release trail following behavior. This demonstrates that the trail pheromone of G. mombuca is produced in the labial glands, as in Trigona and Scaptotrigona. Furthermore, in chemical analyses citral was identified exclusively in the foragers` mandibular glands, which disproves its supposed role as a trail pheromone. The labial glands contained a series of terpene- and wax type esters, with farnesyl butanoate as major constituent. We, therefore, postulate that the trail pheromone of G. mombuca is composed of a blend of esters.

Ablation of caterpillar labial salivary glands: technique for determining the role of saliva in insect-plant interactions.

There has been an ardent interest in herbivore saliva due to its roles in inducing plant defenses and its impact on herbivore fitness. Two techniques are described that inhibit the secretion of labial saliva from the caterpillar, Helicoverpa zea, during feeding. The methods rely on cauterizing the caterpillar's spinneret, the principal secretory structure of the labial glands, or surgically removing the labial salivary gland. Both methods successfully inhibit secretion of saliva and the principal salivary enzyme glucose oxidase. Caterpillars with inhibited saliva production feed at similar rates as the untreated caterpillars, pupate, and emerge as adults. Glucose oxidase has been suggested to increase the caterpillar's survival through the suppression of inducible anti-herbivore defenses in plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves fed on by caterpillars with ablated salivary glands had significantly higher levels of nicotine, an inducible anti-herbivore defense compound of tobacco, than leaves fed upon by caterpillars with intact labial salivary glands. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) leaves fed upon by caterpillars with suppressed salivary secretions showed greatly reduced evidence of hydrogen peroxide formation compared to leaves fed upon by intact caterpillars. These two methods are useful techniques for determining the role that saliva plays in manipulating plant anti-herbivore defenses.

Analyse de l'angle naso-labial

Nous avons analysé l'angle naso-labial et les différents facteurs qui l'influencent, chez des patients de 9 ans ± 1,4. Nous avons obten u une valeur moyenne de 115,30 ± 10,8. L'inclinaison et la position de l'incisive supérieure et l'angle ANB constituent les facteurs osseux et dentaires qui ont la plus grande répercussion sur l'angle naso-labial. Le sexe et l'age n'ont pas eu d'influences statistiquement significatives sur les résultats. L'incompétence labiale s'est avérée etre la cause d'un angle plus aigu

Analyse de l'angle naso-labial

Nous avons analysé l'angle naso-labial et les différents facteurs qui l'influencent, chez des patients de 9 ans ± 1,4. Nous avons obten u une valeur moyenne de 115,30 ± 10,8. L'inclinaison et la position de l'incisive supérieure et l'angle ANB constituent les facteurs osseux et dentaires qui ont la plus grande répercussion sur l'angle naso-labial. Le sexe et l'age n'ont pas eu d'influences statistiquement significatives sur les résultats. L'incompétence labiale s'est avérée etre la cause d'un angle plus aigu

Diagnóstico Pré-Natal de Fenda Labial e Palatina: Experiência de 40 Casos

Objetivos: avaliar casos de fenda facial fetal quanto ao tipo de lesão, associação com outras malformações e aneuploidias. Métodos: as fendas faciais foram estudadas quanto a idade materna e antecedentes, idade gestacional no diagnóstico, lado da lesão, tipo de lesão, presença de malformações associadas e/ou aneuploidias, mortalidade e seguimento pós-natal. Resultados: em 40 fetos com fenda, a lesão era labial pura em 18 casos (45%), labiopalatina em 19 (47,5%) e palatina em 3 (7,5%). Em 10 casos a fenda era isolada (25%), todas unilaterais. No grupo de malformações associadas, a aneuploidia esteve presente em 10/30 (33,3%). A lesão labiopalatina predominou neste grupo (18/30 - 60%), seguida por fenda bilateral (8/30 - 26,7%) e mediana (10/30 - 33,3%). Conclusões: as fendas faciais constituíram excelente marcador para malformações associadas e aneuploidias fetais. Casos de fendas faciais devem ser encaminhados para centros especializados para que se realizem adequados exames ultra-sonográfico e genético tecendo em seguida a conduta. O caráter isolado da fenda facial esteve associado a excelente prognóstico.

Aplicação do retalho labial superior para a correção cirúrgica da hipertrofia de pequenos lábios

OBJETIVOS: descrever técnica cirúrgica para tratamento da hipertrofia de pequenos lábios com a utilização do retalho labial superior. MÉTODOS: no período de maio de 1998 a julho de 2002, 10 pacientes com hipertrofia de pequenos lábios foram submetidas à redução do excesso pela ressecção do segmento inferior com incisão em "L". A incisão transversal vai da borda externa do lábio em direção à carúncula himenal e a incisão longitudinal parte dali até próximo à fúrcula. A borda do retalho superior é rebaixada para se fechar o defeito causado pela ressecção inferior. RESULTADOS: com período médio de 45 dias após a cirurgia as pacientes estavam satisfeitas com o aspecto estético e funcional. Não houve mudança na sensibilidade local. Apenas 2 casos apresentaram complicações: um caso de equimose perineal e outro com deiscência unilateral parcial precoce do retalho. Não foram observados casos de infecção, necrose e deiscência tardia. CONCLUSÃO: a utilização do retalho superior para correção de hipertrofia de pequenos lábios produz bom resultado estético e funcional, com poucas complicações e de fácil resolução.

Sediment genotoxicity and its relationship to the frequency of chironomid labial plate deformities

Sediment samples were taken from seven locations in the WeIland River in December 1986 and April 1987. The DMSO extracts of these sediment samples showed a significant (plabial plate deformities (over 1000 individual specimens were observed) . The samples from station D-l showed the highest frequency of chironomid labial plate deformities (10 . 9% ± 3.2%), while samples from the upstream control (station A) displayed t,he lowest frequency of deformities (3.8% ± 1.3%). All samples were coded to avoid unconscious biases . The results of the genotoxicity study indicated that station D-l in the WeIland River was contaminated with genotoxic materials. The genotoxic materials may have induced the observed increased frequency in chironomid labial plate deformities . Samples from stations C and D-l, located in a downstream portion of the river bounded by an industrialized area were slightly toxic according to -the alkaline phosphatase inhib_ii~ion component of the 50S chromotest analyses. The toxicity of these samples was only evident once they had been activated by the 59 (liver extract) mixture.

Importancia de la significación: aportaciones a la utilización de la lectura labial en niños sordos.

Abordar la importancia que tiene la vía auditiva en el desarrollo normal e integral del individuo y por lo tanto conocer la importancia que tiene el lenguaje como medio de comunicación y de relación en la sociedad. 23 niños, de un centro provincial destinado a la educación con déficits auditivos, cuyas edades oscilan entre 7 y 14 años. Se trata de hacer un análisis de los resultados obtenidos con el consiguiente apoyo estadístico. Una de las variables son los items con sentido, a través de los cuales se pretende apreciar el componente semántico y fonético, una segunda variable la componen los items sin sentido cuya finalidad reside en analizar el componente fonético exclusivamente, la tercera variable constituyen a las frases que trataría de medir el aspecto morfosintáctico especialmente. Prueba experimental. Una prueba realizada a los niños bajo tres vertientes: items con sentido, items sin sentido y frases y otra prueba hecha a los maestros para ver la incidencia del vocabulario en la comprensión del lenguaje en cuento a la técnica de la labio lectura. 1) La principal dificultad con la que se encuentra el niño sordo es que en la vida ordinaria no se utiliza un lenguaje ordenado, ni se mencionan todos los elementos y esto le hace distanciarse un poco debido a la dificultad de captación. 2) Respecto a las oraciones condicionales también tienen un alto porcentaje de errores, no cabe duda que ya encierran en sí dificultad y todavía mucho más para estos niños que tienen una recepción tan reducida. 3) En cuanto a los índices léxicos, preposiciones, conjunciones, si se tiene en cuenta la importancia del significado, se puede decir que informan muy poco a la persona sorda. 4) El niño sabe distinguir una frase insólita de la original, no se fija detenidamente en el género de la frase, el verbo no presta a confusiones y sobre todo que la presencia del sujeto es fundamental junto con el contenido ideológico. 5) En base a la escolarización, se debe insistir en los primeros cursos, sobre el vocabulario, el conocimiento de conceptos, ya que esto precisamente constituye el soporte material que el niño va a necesitar para una mejor comprensión de construcciones más complejas en cursos superiores. 6) Teniendo en cuenta el objetivo marcado , han quedado establecidas unas pautas que pueden servir como punto de referencia para posibles investigaciones más complejas.

Phonological short term memory in deaf children fitted with a cochlear implant : effects of phonological similarity, word lenght and lipreading cues. 'La memoria fonológica a corto plazo en niños sordos con implante coclear : efectos de la similitud fonológica, la longitud de la palabra y la lectura labial'.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación. Resumen en español

Orientaciones para la educación del niño con deficiencia auditiva : entrenamiento auditivo y lectura labial.

Orientaciones para la educación del niño con deficiencia auditiva en dos direcciones: el entrenamiento auditivo y la lectura labial. A través del entrenamiento auditivo se busca alcanzar la mayor funcionalidad posible de los restos. Se analiza la necesidad de un entrenamiento para conseguir el desarrollo, el aparataje existente, las etapas de este entrenamiento así como su desarrollo en el aula de integración. Con la lectura labial el niño sordo tiene que entender al resto de miembros parlantes de la sociedad. Se analiza en qué consiste la labio-lectura, así como los mecanismos, limitaciones y factores que influyen para posteriormente exponer algunas estrategias y entrenamientos que consigan el desarrollo de esta capacidad.

A influência do sorriso gengival no vedamentos labial

Ideally the smile should expose minimal gingival, therefore patients with gummy smile and passive eruption altered or excessive marginal gingivae, usually excessive gingival display because incomplete anatomical crown exposure is present. If the maxillary incisor show at rest is optimal, active upper incisor intrusion should not be iniciated. To achieve a smile with minimal gingival exposure, the anatomic crown should be fully exposed by surgical crown lengthening. Precise determination of the location of cementoenamel junction prior to surgery, precise placement of incisions and correct establish of biological width are necessary in order to achive this goal. One protocol is decribed and clinical results from 15 brazilian subjects, after three years post surgery are showed