Um protótipo de gramática gerativa portuguesa: a gramática de Soares Barbosa

Este trabalho estuda os aspectos doutrinários da Grammatica Philosophica da Lingua Portugueza, de Jerônimo Soares Barbosa, elaborada com base na doutrina da Grammaire générale et raisonnée de Port-Royal, para mostrar que ela é o protótipo iluminista de uma gramática gerativa da língua portuguesa. Essa gramática é a expressão das idéias iluministas no domínio da ciência da linguagem. Insere-se assim no embate ideológico que se travava, nessa época, entre as idéias absolutistas e a filosofia das Luzes. Essas posições manifestam-se, no nível dos estudos lingüísticos, pela gramática normativa, que estabelece um saber fazer, e pela gramática filosófica, que constrói um fazer.

The risk premium on brazilian government debt, 1996-2002

The goal of this paper is to identify the determinants of the risk premium on Brazilian government debt. As the risk premium is a component of the interest rate set by the Brazilian central bank, its reduction would make it possible for the central bank to cut interest rates to levels compatible with a higher economic growth environment. The empirical evidence presented in this paper does not reject the hypotheses that fiscal solvency and the size of the public debt affect the risk premium as measured by the spread over treasury bills of the Brazilian C-bond.

A díade saberes e práticas docentes : um estudo de suas inter-relações

This study The Dyad of knowledge and teaching practices: an inter-relational study deals with the relationship between conceptual knowledge on behalf of the teachers and their teaching practices. The research aims to investigate the relations amongst conceptual meanings related to the professor and the practices of three (03) Fundamental Cycle public schools teachers in Natal-Brazil. Thus, a collaborative research of qualitative nature was performed by us. It was based on collaboration and critical reflection, as well as the socialhistorical theoretical methodological principles of Ferreira (2009). This was acknowledged as an analytical support for the reflections that were realized on concepts related to teachers and teaching considering the archeology on these concepts. The methodological procedures and tools we used consisted of Formative Autobiographies, Reflexive Study, Collaborative Observation, as well as some Reflexive Sessions. The analysis framework was based on information obtained by these methodological procedures as well as the critical collaborative and reflexive procedures. The studies permitted us to widen our knowledge related to the conceptual meaning of teaching and teachers. But it was not always possible for us to (re)elaborate these meanings in the conceptual phase. This was only possible to understand once our Formative Autobiographies were analyzed. They reveal that the concept elaboration process is not a part of our own formative path. The time that was dedicated to that proved to not be enough. The concept elaboration process demands time, effort as well as life-long learning skills. This is not always possible to achieve in this part of the study, on the other hand, this was possible to acknowledge that in the different stages of our conceptual elaboration. The teaching practices that we analyzed were predominantly heterogeneous and were fundamented on meanings of concepts related to teachers and teaching, that were internalized beforehand, (re)elaborated according to the conflicted and contradictory situations. The reflexive and collaborative process that we experimented during the Reflexive Sessions pointed out the predominance of technical and practical reflection process. In some moments it was possible for us to critically reflect on teaching practices due to the collaborative mode that we experienced. The importance of collaboration for teaching formation and professional development of behalf of teachers in general is pointed out by this research. Also regarding this research it was possible to see that there was personal and professional growth, experiencing learning together to collaborative reflect, as well as to counter-argument, reformulate concepts and conceptions aiming to transform our teaching practice

Estudo comparativo ortográfico: uma análise descritivo-comparativa em documentos históricos do século XIX em São Luís do Maranhão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspectos clínico-patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de equídeos infectados pelo vírus da raiva

Foram analisados 14 equídeos (13 equinos e 1 muar) com diagnóstico clínico e histológico de raiva provenientes de quatro regiões do Brasil. O curso clínico médio foi de quatro dias de evolução, incluindo incoordenação motora, paralisia dos membros pélvicos, paresia dos membros torácicos e decúbito. Os achados histopatológicos caracterizaram-se por meningoencefalite e meningomielite não supurativa com infiltrado perivascular linfoplasmocitário. Corpúsculos de Negri foram observados em 64,28% (9/14) dos casos, principalmente na medula espinhal cervical e nos neurônios de Purkinje do cerebelo. Em 55,55% (5/9) dos equídeos analisados tiveram resultado positivo pela técnica de imunofluorescência direta para raiva. Todos os casos foram positivos na imuno-histoquímica para raiva, cujas reações foram mais evidentes no córtex temporal, córtex occipital e medula espinhal cervical. A técnica de imuno-histoquímica foi essencial para confirmar todos os casos de raiva nos equídeos.

Grammatica philosophica da lingua portugueza, ou Principios da grammatica geral applicados à nossa linguagem.

Mode of access: Internet.

Controle da pressão arterial e dos fatores associados no grupo de hipertensos do Centro de Saúde Baixas em Inhuma - Piauí

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é uma condição clínica caracterizada por níveis elevados de pressão arterial. Sua detecção, tratamento e controle são fundamentais para a redução dos eventos cardiovasculares. Este plano de ação objetiva melhorar o acompanhamento e controle da PA em hipertensos tratados no Centro de Saúde Baixas, através da capacitação de toda equipe, busca ativa dos pacientes menos assíduos, realização de palestras, acompanhamento com educador físico e nutricionista, acompanhamento clínico ambulatorial onde serão avaliados rotineiramente e solicitado uso das medicações para controle da pressão arterial. A HAS é uma doença crônica que necessita da adesão rigorosa ao tratamento, associado a mudança de estilo de vida, com a prática de atividades físicas e mudança de hábitos alimentares, para controlar a PA e prevenir suas complicações. O envolvimento de toda equipe é importante para o paciente se sentir acolhido e motivado a continuar no tratamento.

António Manuel Pinto Barbosa, economista e governante

António Manuel Pinto Barbosa (1917-2006), economista e governante, foi incluído pelo Expresso Revista entre os “Cem portugueses que moldaram o século XX”. Biografado por João César das Neves e Francisco Azevedo e Silva num livro publicado em 1999, cujo capítulo 7 o intitula “Decano dos economistas”, mas a sua actividade na Faculdade de Economia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, que fundou em 1978 e onde foi homenageado em 1989, e sobretudo na Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, é menos conhecida. Este escrito tenta reparar a falha e foca ainda o problema dos desequilíbrios da balança de pagamentos na Europa e no mundo que tanto o preocuparam, na medida em que interagem perigosamente com os desequilíbrios orçamentais, hipotecando a riqueza das nações. Inclui o elogio pronunciado em sessão conjunta da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, 14/11/13 (cadeira nº 18L), o discurso de aceitação por Pedro Soares Martínez, decano da secção de direito e ciência política da Academia (cadeira 11L), pronunciado na mesma sessão, e um testemunho de Manuel Jacinto Nunes, que sucedeu a Pinto Barbosa enquanto decano dos economistas portugueses e da secção de economia e finanças da Academia (cadeira 8L), mas não estava na sessão. Seguem-se complementos incluíndo excertos duma análise dos desequilíbrios externos na Zona Euro no espírito de Pentti Kouri (1949-2009).

O evangelho por escrever: uma leitura do desassossego nos fragmentos de Bernardo Soares.

Cette recherche a pour but d approfondir des études qui mettent en lumière des particularités inhérentes au processus de l écriture fragmentaire. Notre intérêt pour ce thème provient de la poétique fragmentaire du Le livre de l intranquillité composé par Bernardo Soares, assistant de notaire et sémi-hétéronime de l écrivain Fernado Pessoa. Notre approche de ce genre textuel commencera par une méthodologie comparative qui nous donnera des notions pour que nous puissions établir quelques rapports de ressemblances et différences entre fragments, maximes, aphorismes et réflexions dont le corpus littéraire sera le journal intime de l intranquilité soarianne, ainsi que la fragmentation du simulacre d auteur au cours des années pendant lesquelles le Livre a été écrit. Le livre de l intranquillité lance des « pulvérisations » réflexives, lesquelles demeurent actuelles, étant donné que le processus de l écriture fragmentaire semble être toujours dans un mouvement constant et, donc, dans l ambiance du à venir. À partir de cela, nous avons passés pour quelques entraves pour essayer d établir une définition pour ce qui serait l écriture fragmentaire. Nous chercherons des points d intersection visant à établir des paradigmes pour obtenir des notions plus précises sur ce genre textuel, concernant les maximes, aphorismes et sentences refléxives.

Fragmentos e abismos discursivos do Livro do desasocego

Considering Fernando Pessoa’s The Book of Disquiet as edited in English –, written under the would-be heteronym Bernardo Soares, the author of the present thesis has tried to question, and eventually show, the forms through which fragmentary writing can reveal the power of language. The approach to literary corpus of this research was made having in mind the symbolic structure of the representation of language, used by Soares’ character as a continuous life reinvention resource - a character that shows himself as a proclaimer of reflections and aphorisms spread under numerous themes and pieces of text. The The Book of Disquiet has recorded a somewhat unquiet recent history since its first edition in 1982, with a considerable number of editions and editing criteria, having in common Dominique Maingueneau’s (2006) textual analysis as central theoretical subsidy. In the present work, however, the author has sought to endeavor beyond the theory and borders of Maingeneau’s approach, and to bring by the contribution of authors that had already explored confluent issues, e.g. Françoise Susini-Anastapoulos, Gilles Deleuze, Jerónimo Pizarro, Maurice Blanchot, Roland Barthes, and other. Considering that The Book of Disquiet is a fragmentary work by nature, the author believes that multiple contributions are likely to favor multiple approaches and to reveal consistent angles or paths to approaching Soares’ core work.

Qualificação do programa de controle e prevenção aos cânceres do colo do útero e da mama na USF Joaquim Rodrigues de Lima, Ruy Barbosa/BA

Este trabalho tem como objetivo qualificar o Programa de prevenção aos cânceres do colo do útero e da mama na USF Joaquim Rodrigues de Lima, Ruy Barbosa/BA. A escolha do tema ocorreu após a análise situacional da USF, na qual detectou-se a baixa adesão das mulheres ao programa, assim como a necessidade de ações voltadas à promoção, prevenção, detecção precoce e acompanhamento das mulheres cadastradas na Unidade. A intervenção foi realizada em um período de quatro meses, de janeiro a abril de 2014, com cadastramento de todas as mulheres com idade entre 25 e 64 anos (483), e de 50 a 69 anos (348), residentes na área de cobertura da USF; capacitação da equipe quanto ao tema abordado; realização de atividades educativas com mulheres nas faixas etárias de risco para estes dois tipos de cânceres (caminhadas e palestras); mutirões para realização do exame citopatológico do colo uterino nas localidades da zona rural; e melhoria nos registros do programa na unidade (criação da ficha espelho e livro de registro). A cobertura de prevenção ao câncer do colo uterino atingiu 55,5% e as de câncer de mama 58,5% das mulheres nas idades alvo. Atingiu-se 100% de amostras satisfatórias na coleta de citopatológico, além disso, foi possível ampliar a disponibilidade de mamografias para a comunidade. No transcorrer da intervenção foi possível evidenciar a qualificação do serviço com relação a este programa, o que possibilitou o alcance dos objetivos propostos. A realização desta intervenção possibilitou crescimento profissional à acadêmica e trouxe benefícios para a saúde das mulheres residentes na localidade coberta pela USF.

Decreased Expression Of Stem Cell Markers By Simvastatin In 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba)-induced Breast Cancer.

Simvastatin, a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase widely used in the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia-related diseases, has recently been associated to in vitro anticancer stem cell (CSC) actions. However, these effects have not been confirmed in vivo. To assess in vivo anti-CSC effects of simvastatin, female Sprague-Dawley rats with 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer and control animals were treated for 14 days with either simvastatin (20 or 40 mg/kg/day) or soybean oil (N = 60). Tumors and normal breast tissues were removed for pathologic examination and immunodetection of CSC markers. At 40 mg/kg/day, simvastatin significantly reduced tumor growth and the expression of most CSC markers. The reduction in tumor growth (80%) could not be explained solely by the decrease in CSCs, since the latter accounted for less than 10% of the neoplasia (differentiated cancer cells were also affected). Stem cells in normal, nonneoplastic breast tissues were not affected by simvastatin. Simvastatin was also associated with a significant decrease in proliferative activity but no increase in cell death. In conclusion, this is the first study to confirm simvastatin anti-CSC actions in vivo, further demonstrating that this effect is specific for neoplastic cells, but not restricted to CSCs, and most likely due to inhibition of cell proliferation.

[temporomandibular Disorders In Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Short-communication.]

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic painful syndrome and the coexistence of a painful condition caused by Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and FMS has been frequently raised for several studies, however, more likely hypothesis is that a set of FMS characteristics may lead to the onset of TMD symptoms and they are not merely coexisting conditions. Therefore, our aim is presenting a review of literature about the relation between fibromyalgia and the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was performed of the period of 1990-2013, in the Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases, using the keywords fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorders and facial pain. Here we present a set of findings in the literature showing that fibromyalgia can lead to TMD symptoms. These studies demonstrated greater involvement of the stomatognathic system in FMS and myogenic disorders of masticatory system are the most commonly found in those patients. FMS appears to have a series of characteristics that constitute predisposing and triggering factors for TMD.

Chronicity Factors Of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Critical Review Of The Literature.

Facial pain often persists long after any identifiable organic pathology has healed. Moreover, in a subgroup of patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), no treatment is effective. Knowledge of factors associated with persistent pain in TMD could help identify personalized treatment approaches. Therefore, we conducted a critical review of the literature for the period from January 2000 to December 2013 to identify factors related to TMD development and persistence. The literature findings showed that chronic TMD is marked by psychological distress (somatization and depression, affective distress, fear of pain, fear of movement, and catastrophizing) and characteristics of pain amplification (hyperalgesia and allodynia). Furthermore, these factors seem to interact in TMD development. In addition, our review demonstrates that upregulation of the serotonergic pathway, sleep problems, and gene polymorphisms influence the chronicity of TMD. We conclude that psychological distress and pain amplification contribute to chronic TMD development, and that interactions among these factors complicate pain management. These findings emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary assistance in TMD treatment.