Spanish Sociology and Anti-Semitism Between passed prejudice and key to civilization

There is a significant lack of sociological research in Spain about anti-Semitism. At the same time there are alarming anti-Semitic tendencies and anti-Jewish stereotypes which are above the European average. This article aims to explain this lack of sociological research about anti-Semitism in Spain. Therefore two types of explications are offered: on the one hand side some structural problems will be shown which sociology in general had since its beginnings and which complicate the understanding of anti-Semitism. Furthermore explications regarding the specific social and historic situation in Spain and of Spanish sociology in particular will be exposed. It will be shown that for its rationalistic character and with the exception of very few authors – who are considered marginalized for practical research – sociology in general has had enormous problems in understanding anti-Semitism. The specific historic situation, Francoism, the dispute about the historic memory and the delayed institutionalisation of sociology could also explain the lack of sociological interest in the topic especially in Spain. The article shows that the study of anti-Semitism is not only relevant for struggling against this burden of society in many of its variants. Furthermore, thinking about anti-Semitism can help sociology to recognise its own epistemological problems. It can serve to criticise and improve instruments of sociological research by showing the limitations of the sociological approach and to uncover the importance of interdisciplinary research for understanding specific social phenomena. In that sense, anti-Semitism, far from being a marginal subject, can be considered a key topic in the process of civilisation and it can help us to decipher the contemporary Spanish society.

La construcción de memoria histórica como acto estético y medio de reconocimiento de las víctimas de la masacre de el salado

En el marco de la reparación a las víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, se han desarrollado iniciativas de carácter simbólico como la construcción de memoria histórica, en donde confluyen elementos de carácter artístico y cultural que buscan relatar lo sucedido y restaurar los lazos sociales quebrantados. A continuación, se analiza la manera en que estas iniciativas de construcción de memoria histórica a partir del arte, en el municipio de El Salado, se pueden considerar como un acto estético que configura la sensibilidad de los espacios y los tiempos para generar la visualización y reconocimiento de quienes se han visto vulnerados por la violencia. Se utilizan las teorías de Paul Ricoeur y Jaques Rancière como herramienta fundamental de análisis, así como las manifestaciones artísticas realizadas por los colectivos de víctimas y el CMH, con el fin de explicar la funcionalidad política y las relaciones que se establecen entre las dos variables fundamentales del trabajo, el arte y la memoria.

Proyección Memoria

El proyecto consiste en realizar una proyección de videomapping acompañada por una agenda cultural que busca promover a través del video y la tecnología la construcción colectiva de memoria histórica compartida y con perspectiva de futuro, inicialmente a una población que no ha tenido contacto directo con la guerra (población de Bogotá de alto poder adquisitivo). Se analiza el arte como factor generador de empatía entre ciudadanos.

Las memorias públicas sobre el conflicto colombiano, perspectiva analítica desde los centros de memoria

Este texto busca analizar de manera comparada la memoria pública que producen, exhiben y administran el Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica y el Centro de Memoria, Paz y Reconciliación sobre el conflicto colombiano a través de sus artefactos de memoria. El ejercicio de memoria que llevan a cabo ambos centros evidencia que a la vez que recuerdan el pasado reciente también lo representan a través de unas maneras particulares de entender el conflicto colombiano y sus actores, visibilizando ciertas tensiones y pugnas por las temporalidades que se le dan al conflicto, las violencias que se incluyen y los efectos que ha generado. Del análisis de los trabajos de memoria de estos centros es posible hacer un mapeo de hacia dónde está apuntando la políticas sobre la memoria y el pasado en el país.

Ave! Mossoró! : os mecanismos discursivos sobre o episódio da resistência ao bando de Lampião

This thesis has as objective the interdiscursive relations in the process of language construction in use in the poetic and in the journalistic spheres, with the purpose of perceiving how the genre news is constituted in different fields of social activity, as well as to analyze the argumentative processes that structure the written discourses about the resistance episode to the group of Lampião in Mossoró in the year of 1927. The corpus of the research is constituted by the news of the period informed in the printed newspapers: Correio do povo and O Nordeste, both from Mossoró/RN, and the narratives presented in the cordéis de acontecido : Mossoró in the resistance to the group of Lampião; Lampião in Mossoró in 1927, and Mossoró attacking to the group of Lampião, all potiguar poets. The analysis of the texts had as theoretical background the studies of: The texts analysis had as theoretical background The Discourse Analysis; The Argumentation Theory and the studies about Discourse Genres. We focused our discussion in the emphasis given to the news in the discursive perspective of the social-historic memory constructed in the cordéis, from ideological values (political, economical, religious etc.) that pass to be a fundamental element in the constitution of the image of the resistance. Methodologically, this is a documental research, since it makes use essentially of the written document. Regarding to the nature of the data, the research is characterized as a qualitative one. In the analysis, we considered the argumentative techniques adopted in the defense of the thesis, the meaning effects suggested, and the genres mentioned, that revealed to us the manner in which the episode was informed by the newspapers and the cordéis. That way, we affirm, based on the positions assumed by the announcers of the genres analyzed who defended clearly positions in favor of the defense of Mossoró, that the relation between both is captured interdiscursively, since they are asked by the same ideology, and converge to the same discursive formation, defending identical positions, and structuring their discussions with resembling argumentative techniques, reason by which take us to believe that the discourse presented in that social activity demonstrates and develops traces of a manipulation of the subject. In this case, the discursive construction of the text points towards determining standard of repetition, since the linguistic context is characterized in the journalistic field, and in the poetic field assuming, in the first instance, a local expression

Um lugar (in)existente: o "país" de Mossoró" nas tramas da consciência histórica

This work aims to analyze, on the one hand, how the academy has created the spatial term the country of Mossoró and, on the other hand, is to discover, by the teachers testimony, how the History teaching works with this spatiality. The academic production in Mossoró-RN, particularly during the last two decades of the century XX, focuses on the practices that built a historic memory based on political interests of the Rosado family. Therefore, this work is divided in three chapters. In the first one, we identify how the academic production has created a group of meanings related to the country of Mossoró , because it is a way to realize how this place is seeing and understand. In the second one, there is an explanation about the ideology concepts, that structure meanings created by the academic production, as well as the historic conscience that is used to think about the dynamic of teaching History. In the third, we analyze how teachers, expressing their historic conscience, figure meaning to this country of Mossoró

Verbo de fogo: uma leitura da história, do imaginário amazônico e do social em Romanceiro da Cabanagem

Revolução popular, com profundas implicações políticas, históricas e sociais no Pará, a Cabanagem desdobrou-se em lutas protagonizadas por legalistas e cabanos de 1835 a 1840. Neste período, segundo historiadores, o número de mortos chegou a 30 mil. Vista pelos olhos dos vencedores como uma simplória revolta de camadas menos favorecidas do extrato social, ao longo do tempo a Cabanagem teve sua memória recuperada por intelectuais e estudiosos da História do Pará, até alcançar o status de Revolução Popular. Este trabalho tem como base teórica estudos sobre textos históricos e de teoria literária, com ênfase à inter-relação entre a memória histórica, o imaginário amazônico e o papel do poeta nas questões sociais de seu tempo, mais especificamente, na poética de José Ildone e o entrecruzamento deste poeta com o olhar do contista João Marques de Carvalho, para mostrar visões diferenciadas sobre a Cabanagem, através de textos ficcionais de escritores de expressão amazônica. A principal proposta da pesquisa é mostrar até que ponto uma produção literária local se projeta em um contexto mais global e o quanto estes textos podem contribuir para analisar e compreender um fenômeno histórico, social e político como foi a revolta cabana, em um período de dissidências, motins, protestos militares e revoluções que eclodiram no Brasil nos nove anos de desorganização política e social do Período Regencial (1831/1840).

Las voces antiguas : La Guerra Civil española en algunas memorias y autobiografías del exilio literario de 1939

La vindicación de la Guerra Civil española por parte de los intelectuales exiliados se convierte en las memorias y autobiografías en una deuda ética frente a la desmemoria de gran parte del interior del país y, sobre todo, en un campo de reconstrucción identitaria de un sujeto que ha quedado definido por un pasado perdido y por una obligatoria readaptación a la sociedad que lo acoge. La narración de la Guerra Civil en Vida en claro (1944) de José Moreno Villa, Recuerdos y olvidos (1988) de Francisco Ayala, Memoria de la melancolía (1970) de María Teresa León, Quan érem capitans (1974) de Teresa Pàmies, Una mujer por los caminos de España (1952) de María Lejárraga y Memorias habladas, memorias armadas (1990) de Concha Méndez recuperan los arduos sucesos bélicos para entretejerlos con el rescate y reubicación del yo.

Las voces antiguas : La Guerra Civil española en algunas memorias y autobiografías del exilio literario de 1939

La vindicación de la Guerra Civil española por parte de los intelectuales exiliados se convierte en las memorias y autobiografías en una deuda ética frente a la desmemoria de gran parte del interior del país y, sobre todo, en un campo de reconstrucción identitaria de un sujeto que ha quedado definido por un pasado perdido y por una obligatoria readaptación a la sociedad que lo acoge. La narración de la Guerra Civil en Vida en claro (1944) de José Moreno Villa, Recuerdos y olvidos (1988) de Francisco Ayala, Memoria de la melancolía (1970) de María Teresa León, Quan érem capitans (1974) de Teresa Pàmies, Una mujer por los caminos de España (1952) de María Lejárraga y Memorias habladas, memorias armadas (1990) de Concha Méndez recuperan los arduos sucesos bélicos para entretejerlos con el rescate y reubicación del yo.

Las voces antiguas : La Guerra Civil española en algunas memorias y autobiografías del exilio literario de 1939

La vindicación de la Guerra Civil española por parte de los intelectuales exiliados se convierte en las memorias y autobiografías en una deuda ética frente a la desmemoria de gran parte del interior del país y, sobre todo, en un campo de reconstrucción identitaria de un sujeto que ha quedado definido por un pasado perdido y por una obligatoria readaptación a la sociedad que lo acoge. La narración de la Guerra Civil en Vida en claro (1944) de José Moreno Villa, Recuerdos y olvidos (1988) de Francisco Ayala, Memoria de la melancolía (1970) de María Teresa León, Quan érem capitans (1974) de Teresa Pàmies, Una mujer por los caminos de España (1952) de María Lejárraga y Memorias habladas, memorias armadas (1990) de Concha Méndez recuperan los arduos sucesos bélicos para entretejerlos con el rescate y reubicación del yo.

Construcción de espacios de comunicación y memoria histórica de las víctimas del conflicto colombiano en el municipio de Bojayá. Una mirada a través de las expresiones musicales (2002-2014)

En Bojayá, Colombia, la música ha posibilitado la visualización, reparación y construcción de memoria histórica de las víctimas de la masacre de 2002 aprovechando dos elementos: La comunicación y el arte. La comunicación, el acceso a mecanismos informativos y de participación son elementos sobre los cuales se basa las estructuras democráticas contemporáneas; mientras que las expresiones artísticas se configuran como herramientas que posibilitan el acceso de la ciudadanía al escenario político. En un escenario con posibilidades limitadas, el arte aparece como una alternativa en un contexto donde las herramientas institucionales han resultado insuficientes. A partir del análisis de las expresiones musicales de los sobrevivientes y el uso de planteamientos de Jürgen Habermas, Juan Rueda, Elizabeth Jelin, entre otros, se analizan los procesos comunicativos de la música que dan lugar a la creación de memoria histórica.

Políticas de la memoria: El levantamiento de 1932 en El Salvador

ResumenEste artículo analiza la cambiante memoria histórica del levantamiento comunista ocurrido en El Salvador en 1932. Las diferencias que se observan al comparar recuentos contemporáneos de los eventos y fuentes periodísticas de diferentes épocas, muestran el carácter maleable de las narrativas construidas para describir y explicar el levantamiento. El artículo muestra la relación entre variaciones en las narrativas y cambios en la situación sociopolítica de El Salvador.AbstractThis article analyzes the ever-changing historic memory of the Communist uprising in El Salvador that took place in 1932. The dissimilarities observed when comparing the contemporary narration of events with the newspaper sources at different points in time, clearly evidence the malleable nature of the accounts created to describe and explain the revolt. This article highlights the existing connection between the variations in the narratives and the changes in the socio-political situation of El Salvador.

Cork as canvas : exploring intersections of citizenship and collective memory in the Shandon Big Wash Up murals

Urban space has the potential to shape people's experience and understanding of the city and of the culture of a place. In some respects, murals and allied forms of wall art occupy the intersection of street art and public art; engaging, and sometimes, transforming the urban space in which they exist and those who use it. While murals are often conceived as a more ‘permanent’ form of painted art there has been a trend in recent years towards more deliberately transient forms of wall art such as washed-wall murals and reverse graffiti. These varying forms of public wall art are embedded within the fabric of the urban space and history. This paper will explore the intersection of public space, public art and public memory in a mural project in the Irish city of Cork. Focussing on the washed-wall murals of Cork's historic Shandon district, we explore the sympathetic and synergetic relationship of this wall art with the heritage architecture of the built environment and of the murals as an expression of and for the local community, past and present. Through the Shandon Big Wash Up murals we reflect on the function of participatory public art as an explicit act of urban citizenship which works to support community-led re-enchantment in the city through a reconnection with its past.

Evoking poetics of memory through performing site: Naik Naik, a Malaysian Australian collaboration in the world heritage setting of Melaka

Memory, time and metaphor are central triggers for artists in exploring and shaping their creative work. This paper examines the place of artists as ‘memory-keepers’, and ‘memory-makers’, in particular through engagement with the time-based art of site-specific performance. Naik Naik (Ascent) was a multi-site performance project in the historic setting of Melaka, Malaysia, and is partially recaptured through the presence and voices of its collaborating artists. Distilled from moments recalled, this paper seeks to uncover the poetics of memory to emerge from the project; one steeped in metaphor rather than narrative. It elicits some of the complex and interdependent layers of experience revealed by the artists in Naik Naik; cultural, ancestral, historical, personal, instinctual and embodied memories connected to sound, smell, touch, sensation and light, in a spatiotemporal context for which site is the catalyst. The liminal nature of memory at the heart of Naik Naik, provides a shared experience of past and present and future, performatively interwoven.

Principles and prejudice: The erosion of fairness in admissibility determinations relating to historic child sexual abuse trials in Ireland

This thesis interrogates the construction of fairness to the accused in historic child sexual abuse trials in Ireland. The protection of fairness is a requirement of any trial that claims to adhere to the rule of law. Historic child sexual abuse trials, in which the charges relate to events that are alleged to have taken place decades previously, present serious challenges to the ability of the trial process to safeguard fairness. They are a litmus test of the courts’ commitment to fairness. The thesis finds that in historic abuse trials fairness to the accused has been significantly eroded and that therefore the Irish Courts have failed to respect the core of the rule of law in these most serious of prosecutions. The thesis scrutinises two bodies of case law, both of which deal with the issue of whether evidence should reach the jury. First, it examines the decisions on applications brought by defendants seeking to prohibit their trial. The courts hearing prohibition applications face a dilemma: how to ensure the defendant is not put at risk of an unfair trial, while at the same time recognising that delay in reporting is a defining feature of these cases. The thesis traces the development of the prohibition case law and tracks the shifting interpretations given to fairness by the courts. Second, the thesis examines what fairness means in the superior courts’ decisions regarding the admissibility of the following kinds of evidence, each of which presents particular challenges to the ability of the trial to safeguard fairness: evidence of multiple complainants; evidence of recovered memories and evidence of complainants’ therapeutic records. The thesis finds that in both bodies of case law the Irish courts have hollowed out the meaning of fairness. It makes proposals on how fairness might be placed at the heart of courts’ decisions on admissibility in historic abuse trials. The thesis concludes that the erosion of fairness in historic abuse trials is indicative of a move away from the liberal model of criminal justice. It cautions that unless fairness is prioritised in historic child sexual abuse trials the legitimacy of these trials and that of all Irish criminal trials will be contestable.