HOMA insulin sensitivity index and the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease events in the general population : the Australian diabetes, obesity and lifestyle study (AusDiab) study

Aims/hypothesis We assessed whether the relationships between insulin sensitivity and all-cause mortality as well as fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events are independent of elevated blood glucose, high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and body composition in individuals without diagnosed diabetes.
Methods Between 1999 and 2000, baseline fasting insulin, glucose and lipids, 2 h plasma glucose, HbA1c, anthropometrics, blood pressure, medication use, smoking and history of CVD were collected from 8,533 adults aged >35 years from the population-based Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by HOMA of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S). Deaths and fatal or non-fatal CVD events were ascertained through linkage to the National Death Index and medical records adjudication.
Results After a median of 5.0 years there were 277 deaths and 225 CVD events. HOMA-%S was not associated with all-cause mortality. Compared with the most insulin-sensitive quintile, the combined fatal or non-fatal CVD HR (95% CI) for quintiles of decreasing HOMA-%S were 1.1 (0.6–1.9), 1.4 (0.9–2.3), 1.6 (1.0–2.5) and 2.0 (1.3–3.1), adjusting for age and sex. Smoking, CVD history, hypertension, lipid-lowering medication, total cholesterol and waist-to-hip ratio moderately attenuated this relationship. However, the association was rendered non-significant by adding HDL. Fasting plasma glucose, but not HOMA-%S significantly improved the prediction of CVD, beyond that seen with other risk factors.
Conclusions/interpretation In this cohort, HOMA-%S showed no association with all-cause mortality and only a modest association with CVD events, largely explained by its association with HDL. Fasting plasma glucose was a better predictor of CVD than HOMA-%S.

Levels of insulin and HOMA-IR in adolescents in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico

An alarming rise of obesity in adolescents has been observed, placing them at risk of developing resistance to insulin (IR) and its adverse metabolic consequences such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Objective: To know the prevalence of obesity, and the levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR and its association with the BMIz, waist circumference and the pubertal stage in a random sample of adolescents. Materials and methods: 292 adolescents between 12 and 15 years (152 female and 140 male), whose anthropometric measurements (weight, height and waist circumference) were taken, body mass index calculated and Z-score determined. Blood glucose and insulin levels were evaluated from a sample of blood and their HOMA-IR was determined. Results: The results showed that 32.5% were obese, 22.3% were overweight and 23.6% showed adolescent central obesity. Glucose levels (p = 0.016), insulin (p = 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0001) showed significant differences in the group with obesity. Values of the three parameters were increased with the stage of puberty. We found significant differences in the levels of glucose (p = 0.0388), insulin (p = 0.0005) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0001) between the prepubertal and postpubertal stages.

Glycaemic load is associated with insulin resistance in older Australian women

Background: Diets with a high postprandial glycemic response may contribute to long-term development of insulin resistance and diabetes, however previous epidemiological studies are conflicting on whether glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) are dietary factors associated with the progression. Our objectives were to estimate GI and GL in a group of older women, and evaluate cross-sectional associations with insulin resistance. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were 329 Australian women aged 42-81 years participating in year three of the Longitudinal Assessment of Ageing in Women (LAW). Dietary intakes were assessed by diet history interviews and analysed using a customised GI database. Insulin resistance was defined as a homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) value of >3.99, based on fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Results: GL was significantly higher in the 26 subjects who were classified as insulin resistant compared to subjects who were not (134±33 versus 114±24, P<0.001). In a logistic regression model, an increment of 15 GL units increased the odds of insulin resistance by 2.09 (95%CI 1.55, 2.80, P<0.001) independently of potential confounding variables. No significant associations were found when insulin resistance was assessed as a continuous variable. Conclusions: Results of this cross-sectional study support the concept that diets with a higher GL are associated with increased risk of insulin resistance. Further studies are required to investigate whether reducing glycemic intake, by either consuming lower GI foods and/or smaller serves of carbohydrate, can contribute to a reduction in development of insulin resistance and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes.

Comparison of multiple and novel measures of dietary glycemic carbohydrate with insulin resistant status in older women

BACKGROUND:Previous epidemiological investigations of associations between dietary glycemic intake and insulin resistance have used average daily measures of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL). We explored multiple and novel measures of dietary glycemic intake to determine which was most predictive of an association with insulin resistance.METHODS:Usual dietary intakes were assessed by diet history interview in women aged 42-81 years participating in the Longitudinal Assessment of Ageing in Women. Daily measures of dietary glycemic intake (n = 329) were carbohydrate, GI, GL, and GL per megacalorie (GL/Mcal), while meal based measures (n = 200) were breakfast, lunch and dinner GL; and a new measure, GL peak score, to represent meal peaks. Insulin resistant status was defined as a homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) value of >3.99; HOMA as a continuous variable was also investigated.RESULTS:GL, GL/Mcal, carbohydrate (all P < 0.01), GL peak score (P = 0.04) and lunch GL (P = 0.04) were positively and independently associated with insulin resistant status. Daily measures were more predictive than meal-based measures, with minimal difference between GL/Mcal, GL and carbohydrate. No significant associations were observed with HOMA as a continuous variable.CONCLUSION:A dietary pattern with high peaks of GL above the individual's average intake was a significant independent predictor of insulin resistance in this population, however the contribution was less than daily GL and carbohydrate variables. Accounting for energy intake slightly increased the predictive ability of GL, which is potentially important when examining disease risk in more diverse populations with wider variations in energy requirements.

Markers of chronic disease in offenders in a high secure correctional centre in Queensland

This study aimed to gauge the presence of markers of chronic disease, as a basis for food and nutrition policy in correctional facilities. One hundred and twenty offenders, recruited from a Queensland Correctional Centre, provided informed consent and completed both dietary interviews and physical measurements. Mean age of the sample was 35.5 ± 12 years (range = 19–77 yrs); mean age of the total population (n = 945) was 32.8 ± 10 years (range = 19–80 yrs). Seventy-nine participants also provided fasting blood samples. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27 ± 3.5 kg/m2; 72% having a BMI > 25 kg/m2. Thirty-three percent were classified overweight or obese using waist circumference (mean = 92 ± 10 cm). Mean blood pressure measurement was systolic = 130 ± 14 mmHg and diastolic = 73 ± 10 mmHg. Twenty-four percent were classified as hypertensive of whom three were on antihypertensive medication. Eighteen percent had elevated triglycerides, and 40% unfavourable total cholesterol to HDL ratios. Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA scores) were calculated from glucose and insulin. Four participants were insulin resistant, two of whom had known diabetes. Metabolic syndrome, based on waist circumference (adjusted for ethnicity), blood lipids, blood pressure and plasma glucose indicated that 25% (n = 20) were classified with metabolic syndrome. Eighty-four percent (n = 120) reported some physical activity each day, with 51 percent participating ≥two times daily. Fifty-four percent reported smoking with an additional 20% having smoked in the past. Findings suggest that waist circumference rather than weight and BMI only should be used in this group to determine weight status. The data suggest that markers of chronic disease are present and that food and nutrition policy must reflect this. Further analysis is being completed to determine relevant policy initiatives.

A preliminary study of the effects of Tai Chi and Qigong medical exercise on indicators of metabolic syndrome, glycaemic control, health-related quality of life, and psychological health in adults with elevated blood glucose

Objectives To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and effects of a Tai Chi and Qigong exercise programme in adults with elevated blood glucose. Design, Setting, and Participants A single group pre–post feasibility trial with 11 participants (3 male and 8 female; aged 42–65 years) with elevated blood glucose. Intervention Participants attended Tai Chi and Qigong exercise training for 1 to 1.5 h, 3 times per week for 12 weeks, and were encouraged to practise the exercises at home. Main Outcome Measures Indicators of metabolic syndrome (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol); glucose control (HbA1c, fasting insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA)); health-related quality of life; stress and depressive symptoms. Results There was good adherence and high acceptability. There were significant improvements in four of the seven indicators of metabolic syndrome including BMI (mean difference −1.05, p<0.001), waist circumference (−2.80 cm, p<0.05), and systolic (−11.64 mm Hg, p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (−9.73 mm Hg, p<0.001), as well as in HbA1c (−0.32%, p<0.01), insulin resistance (−0.53, p<0.05), stress (−2.27, p<0.05), depressive symptoms (−3.60, p<0.05), and the SF-36 mental health summary score (5.13, p<0.05) and subscales for general health (19.00, p<0.01), mental health (10.55, p<0.01) and vitality (23.18, p<0.05). Conclusions The programme was feasible and acceptable and participants showed improvements in metabolic and psychological variables. A larger controlled trial is now needed to confirm these promising preliminary results.

Indexes of insulin resistance and secretion in obese children and adolescents : a validation study

OBJECTIVE To assess the concurrent validity of fasting indexes of insulin sensitivity and secretion in - obese prepubertal (Tanner stage 1) children and pubertal (Tanner stages 2-5) glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) as a criterion measure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eighteen obese children and adolescents (11 girls and 7 boys, mean age 12.2 +/- 2.4 years, mean BMI 35.4 +/- 6.2 kg/m(2), mean BMI-SDS 3.5 +/- 0.5, 7 prepubertal and I I pubertal) participated in the study. All participants underwent an insulin-modified FSIVGTT on two occasions, and 15 repeated this test a third time (mean 12.9 and 12.0 weeks apart). S-i measured by the FSIVGTT was compared with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio (FGIR), and fasting insulin (estimates of insulin sensitivity derived from fasting samples). The acute insulin response (AIR) measured by the FSIVGTT was compared with HOMA of percent beta-cell function (HOMA-beta%), FGIR, and fasting insulin (estimates of insulin secretion derived from fasting samples). RESULTS There was a significant negative correlation between HOMA-IR and S-i (r = -0.89, r = -0.90, and r = -0.81, P < 0.01) and a significant positive correlation between QUICKI and S-i (r = 0.89, r = 0.90, and r = 0.81, P < 0.01) at each time point. There was a significant positive correlation between FGIR and S-i (r = 0.91, r = 0.91, and r = 0.82, P < 0.01) and a significant negative correlation between fasting insulin and S-i (r = -90, r = -0.90, and r = -0.88, P < 0.01). HOMA-beta% was not as strongly correlated with AIR (r = 0.60, r = 0.54, and r = 0.61, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS HOMA-IR, QUICKI, FGIR, and fasting insulin correlate strongly with S-i assessed by the FSIVGTT in obese children and adolescents. Correlations between HOMA-β% FGIR and fasting insulin, and AIR were not as strong. Indexes derived from fasting samples are a valid tool for assessing insulin sensitivity in prepubertal and pubertal obese children.

Modulation of growth by aromatase inhibitor treatment in boys: Efficacy and safety

Without estrogen action, the fusion of the growth plates is postponed and statural growth continues for an exceptionally long time. Aromatase inhibitors, blockers of estrogen biosynthesis, have therefore emerged as a new potential option for the treatment of children with short stature. We investigated the efficacy of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in the treatment of boys with idiopathic short stature (ISS) using a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind research setting. A total of 30 boys completed the two-year treatment. By decreasing estrogen-mediated central negative feedback, letrozole increased gonadotrophin and testosterone secretion in pubertal boys, whereas the pubertal increase in IGF-I was inhibited. Treatment with letrozole effectively delayed bone maturation and increased predicted adult height by 5.9 cm (P0.001), while placebo had no effect on either parameter. The effect of letrozole treatment on near-final height was studied in another population, in boys with constitutional delay of puberty, who received letrozole (n=9) or placebo (n=8) for one year, in combination with low-dose testosterone for six months during adolescence. The mean near-final height of boys randomised to receive testosterone and letrozole was significantly greater than that of boys who received testosterone and placebo (175.8 vs. 169.1 cm, P=0.04). As regards safety, treatment effects on bone health, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and body composition were monitored in boys with ISS. During treatment, no differences in bone mass accrual were evident between the treatment groups, as evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Bone turnover and cortical bone growth, however, were affected by letrozole treatment. As indicated by differences in markers of bone resorption (U-INTP) and formation (S-PINP and S-ALP), the long-term rate of bone turnover was lower in letrozole-treated boys, despite their more rapid advancement in puberty. Letrozole stimulated cortical bone growth in those who progressed in puberty: the metacarpal index (MCI), a measure of cortical bone thickness, increased more in letrozole-treated pubertal boys than in placebo-treated pubertal boys (25% vs. 9%, P=0.007). The change in MCI correlated positively with the mean testosterone-to-estradiol ratio. In post-treatment radiographic evaluation of the spine, a high rate of vertebral deformities - mild anterior wedging and mild compression deformities - were found in both placebo and letrozole groups. In pubertal boys with ISS treated with letrozole, stimulated testosterone secretion was associated with a decrease in the percentage of fat mass and in HDL-cholesterol, while LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides remained unchanged. Insulin sensitivity, as evaluated by HOMA-IR, was not significantly affected by the treatment. In summary, treatment with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole effectively delayed bone maturation and increased predicted adult height in boys with ISS. Long-term follow-up data of boys with constitutional delay of puberty, treated with letrozole for one year during adolescence, suggest that the achieved gain in predicted adult height also results in increased adult height. However, until the safety of aromatase inhibitor treatment in children and adolescents is confirmed, such treatment should be considered experimental.

Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en una población de niños obesos en el País Vasco, su relación con la resistencia a la insulina, las adipoquinas y grhelina

274 p. : graf.

Submarine landslides : selected studies in the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone

Submarine Landslides: An Introduction 1 By RIo Lee, W.C. Schwab, and J.S. Booth U.S. Atlantic Continental Slope Landslides: Their Distribution, General Anributes, and Implications 14 By J.S. Booth, D.W. O'Leary, Peter Popenoe, and W.W. Danforth Submarine Mass Movement, a Formative Process of Passive Continental Margins: The Munson-Nygren Landslide Complex and the Southeast New England Landslide Complex 23 By D.W. O'Leary The Cape Fear Landslide: Slope Failure Associated with Salt Diapirism and Gas Hydrate Decomposition 40 By Peter Popenoe, E.A. Schmuck, and W.P. Dillon Ancient Crustal Fractures Control the Location and Size of Collapsed Blocks at the Blake Escarpment, East of Florida 54 By W.P. Dillon, J.S. Risch, K.M. Scanlon, P.C. Valentine, and Q.J. Huggett Tectonic and Stratigraphic Control on a Giant Submarine Slope Failure: Puerto Rico Insular Slope 60 By W.C. Schwab, W.W. Danforth, and K.M. Scanlon Slope Failure of Carbonate Sediment on the West Florida Slope 69 By D.C. Twichell, P.C. Valentine, and L.M. Parson Slope Failures in an Area of High Sedimentation Rate: Offshore Mississippi River Delta 79 By J.M. Coleman, D.B. Prior, L.E. Garrison, and H.J. Lee Salt Tectonics and Slope Failure in an Area of Salt Domes in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico 92 By B.A. McGregor, R.G. Rothwell, N.H. Kenyon, and D.C. Twichell Slope Stability in Regions 01 Sea-Floor Gas Hydrate: Beaufort Sea Continental Slope 97 By R.E. Kayen and H.J. Lee Mass Movement Related to Large Submarine Canyons Along the Beringian Margin, Alaska 104 By P.R. Carlson, H.A. Karl, B.D. Edwards, J.V. Gardner, and R. Hall Comparison of Tectonic and Stratigraphic Control of Submarine Landslides on the Kodiak Upper Continental Slope, Alaska 117 By M.A. Hampton Submarine Landslides That Had a Significant Impact on Man and His Activities: Seward and Valdez, Alaska 123 By M.A. Hampton, R.W. Lemke, and H.W. Coulter Processes Controlling the Style of Mass Movement in Glaciomarine Sediment: Northeastern Gulf of Alaska 135 By W.C. Schwab and H.J. Lee Contents V VI Contents Liquefaction of Continental Shelf Sediment: The Northern California Earthquake of 1980 143 By M.E. Field A Submarine Landslide Associated with Shallow Sea-Floor Gas and Gas Hydrates off Northern California 151 By M.E. Field and J.H. Barber, Jr. Sur Submarine Landslide, a Deep-Water Sediment Slope Failure 158 By C.E. Gutmacher and W.R. Normark Seismically Induced Mudflow in Santa Barbara Basin, California 167 By B.D. Edwards, H.J. Lee, and M.E. Field Submarine Landslides in a Basin and Ridge Setting, Southern California 176 By M.E. Field and B.D. Edwards Giant Volcano-Related Landslides and the Development of the Hawaiian Islands 184 By W.R. Normark, J.G. Moore, and M.E. Torresan Submarine Slope Failures Initiated by Hurricane Iwa, Kahe Point, Oahu, Hawaii 197 By W.R. Normark, Pat Wilde, J.F. Campbell, T.E. Chase, and Bruce Tsutsui (PDF contains 210 pages)

A via L-arginina-óxido nítrico em plaquetas de adolescente com obesidade e síndrome metabólica

A prevalência da obesidade e da síndrome metabólica (SM) vem aumentando dramaticamente em jovens e está se tornando um problema de saúde pública na maioria dos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. Tanto a obesidade quanto a SM aumentam o número de pacientes expostos ao risco de doença cardiovascular. Estudos recentes mostram que uma redução na biodisponipilidade de óxido nítrico (NO) é um dos principais fatores que contribui para a ação deletéria da insulina nos vasos de pacientes adultos com obesidade e SM. O NO, potente vasodilatador e anti-agregante plaquetário, tem como precursor o aminoácido catiônico L-arginina que é transportado para o interior das plaquetas através do carreador y+L. Uma família de enzimas denominadas NO sintases (NOS) catalisa a oxidação da L-arginina em NO e L-citrulina e é composta de três isoformas: neuronal (nNOS), induzível (iNOS) e endotelial (eNOS). Os objetivos principais do presente estudo são de investigar diferentes etapas da via L-arginina-NO em plaquetas associando agregação plaquetária, concentração plasmática de L-arginina, estresse oxidativo, marcadores metabólicos, hormonais, clínicos e inflamatórios em pacientes adolescentes com obesidade e SM. Foram incluídos no estudo trinta adolescentes, sendo dez com obesidade, dez com SM, e dez controles saudáveis pareados por idade, sexo e classificação de Tanner (controles: n= 10, 15.6 0.7 anos; obesos: n= 10, 15 0.9 anos; SM: n= 10, 14.9 0.8 anos). O transporte de L-arginina (pmol/109céls/min) através do sistema y+L estava diminuído nos pacientes com SM (18.4 3.8) e obesidade (20.8 4.7), comparados aos controles (52.3 14.8). Houve uma correlação positiva do influxo de L-arginina via sistema y+L com os níveis de HDL-Colesterol. Por outro lado, foi encontrada uma correlação negativa do influxo de L-arginina com os níveis de insulina, os índices Homa IR, relacionado a RI, Homa Beta, relacionado a função da célula beta e também com os índices de Leptina. Em relação a produção de NO, a obesidade e a SM não afetaram a atividade e expressão das enzimas NOS. A atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD), através da mensuração da inibição da auto-oxidação da adrenalina, mostrou diferença significativa nas plaquetas de pacientes com obesidade (4235 613,2 nMol/mg de proteína), quando comparada aos controles (1011 123,6 nmol/mg de proteína) e SM (1713 267,7 nmol/mg de proteína). A nível sistêmico, foi também evidenciada uma ativação desta enzima anti-oxidante no soro de pacientes obesos, em relação aos controles. A peroxidação lipídica avaliada pelas substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) estava inalterada no soro dos pacientes e controles. Estes resultados sugerem que o transporte de L-arginina diminuído nas plaquetas de adolescentes obesos e com SM pode ser um marcador precoce de disfunção plaquetária. A alteração desta via correlaciona-se com a resistência à insulina e hiperinsulinemia. A contribuição deste estudo e de fatores que possam ser precocemente identificados pode diminuir o risco cardiovascular na vida adulta desta população de pacientes.

Estudo das alterações cardiovasculares e metabólicas em modelo experimental de programação metabólica: efeito de extrato da casca de uva Vitis vinífera

Estudos epidemiológicos e experimentais têm sugerido que fatores de risco cardiovasculares podem ser parcialmente atribuídos às influências do ambiente em que vive o indivíduo, e que a nutrição materna influencia na programação de alterações metabólicas e cardiovasculares no indivíduo adulto e que caracterizam a síndrome metabólica (SM). Em contrapartida, estudos prévios de nosso laboratório demonstram que o extrato da casca de uva Vitis labrusca (GSE) possui efeito vasodilatador, antihipertensivo e antioxidante. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento oral com GSE (200mg/kg/dia), sobre as alterações cardiovasculares e metabólicas e estresse oxidativo observados na prole adulta (fêmea e machos) com 3 e 6 meses, cujas mães foram submetidas a uma dieta rica em gordura (hiperlipídica) durante a lactação. Quatro grupos de ratas foram alimentados com dietas experimentais: controle (7% de gordura); controle + GSE (7% de gordura + GSE), hiperlipídica (24% de gordura); hiperlipídica + GSE (24% de gordura + GSE) durante a lactação. Após o desmame, todos os filhotes passaram a ser alimentados com uma dieta controle e foram sacrificados aos 3 ou 6 meses de idade. A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) foi medida por pletismografia de cauda e o efeito vasodilatador da acetilcolina (ACh) foi avaliado em leito arterial mesentérico (LAM) perfundido. Foram avaliados o peso corporal, adiposidade (intra-abdominal e gonadal), níveis plasmáticos de colesterol total, triglicerídeos, glicose e insulina, e a resistência à insulina (RI) foi calculada pelo índice de HOMA IR. As expressões do IRS-1, Akt e GLUT-4 foram determinadas em músculo soleus. O dano oxidativo, níveis de nitritos e a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes: superóxido dismutase, catalase e glutationa peroxidase foram dosados no plasma e homogenato de LAM. A PAS e tecido adiposo foram aumentados nas proles adultas de ambos os sexos e idades do grupo hiperlipídico e revertidos pelo tratamento com o GSE. A resposta vasodilatadora à ACh em LAM não foi diferente entre os grupos de ambos os sexos, mas foram reduzidas com o envelhecimento. Nas proles fêmeas e machos do grupo hiperlipídico também foram observados o aumento dos níveis de triglicerídeos, de glicose e RI em ambas as idades e foram reduzidos pelo GSE. No grupo hiperlipídico houve redução nas expressões de IRS-1, Akt e GLUT-4 e o GSE reverteu estas expressões. Os níveis plasmáticos de malondialdeído estavam aumentados e os níveis de nitrito diminuídos no grupo hiperlipídico, de ambos os sexos e idades e foram revertidos pelo GSE. As atividades das enzimas antioxidantes no plasma e no mesentério foram reduzidas no grupo hiperlipídico e restauradas pelo GSE. Em conclusão, O GSE parece proteger as proles fêmeas e machos, cujas mães foram expostas a uma dieta hiperlipídica durante a lactação, dos fatores de riscos cardiovasculares, proporcionando uma fonte alternativa nutricional para a prevenção da SM.

Efeitos benéficos do tratamento com óleo de peixe em camundongos c57bl/6 alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica e rica em sacarose

Avaliar os efeitos benéficos do tratamento com óleo de peixe sobre mudanças metabólicas e morfológicas no pâncreas e tecido adiposo de camundongos C57BL/6 alimentados com dieta rica em lipídeos e sacarose (HLS).Camundongos machos da linhagem C57BL/6, foram alimentados com dieta padrão (P) ou dieta HLS. Aos 3 meses de idade, os camundongos do grupo HLS foram separados em grupo não-tratado (HLS) ou grupo tratado com óleo de peixe (HLS-Px, 1,5g/kg/dia). Aos 4 meses de idade os animais foram sacrificados. O grupo HLS apresentou aumento da massa corporal (MC) e no acúmulo do tecido adiposo total, porém o grupo HLS-Px apresentou menor MC e massa de tecido adiposo comparado ao grupo HLS. As concentrações de glicose plasmática e insulina não foram afetadas entre os grupos, no entanto os grupos HLS e HLS-Px apresentaram maior HOMA-IR. Os grupos HLS e HLS-Px apresentaram maiores concentrações plasmáticas do colesterol total e LDL-C, porém o grupo HLS-Px apresentou maior concentração plasmática do HDL-C e redução da concentração de triglicerídeos. Os adipócitos do grupo HLS apresentaram maior diâmetro quando comparado aos grupos controle e HLS-Px. A massa do pâncreas foi menor no grupo HLS-Px e as ilhotas pancreáticas apresentaram maior diâmetro no grupo HLS, quando comparado ao grupo controle. A expressão de insulina, glucagon e GLUT-2 mostrou-se forte em todas as ilhotas pancreáticas do grupo controle, mas o grupo HLS apresentou fraca expressão para o GLUT-2. Entretanto, HLS-Px apresentou maior expressão do GLUT-2. O tratamento com óleo de peixe foi capaz de reduzir o ganho de massa corporal e a concentração de triglicerídeos, assim como reduzir o acúmulo de tecido adiposo,hipertrofia dos adipócitos, das ilhotas pancreáticas, assim como prevenir a redução do GLUT-2 em camundongos C57BL/6.