999 resultados para Formação inicial de professores - Investigação


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In the past twenty years, there has been a significant increase of researches about teacher s professionalization. In that context, the investigations concerning teacher s knowledge represent an important contribution, as they aim to identify and to rescue the base of knowledge that sustains the teacher s profession. In particular, the reflections and propositions of Lee Shulman have been constitute a fundamental subsidy to the teacher s professionalization in the sense of harnessing the pedagogic knowledge to the content s knowledge, establishing the pedagogic knowledge of the content that characterizes and differentiates the teacher and the bachelor in a certain field of knowledge. Among the indispensable knowledge for the Chemistry teacher's professional practice, in this research we have pointed out the pertinence of the knowledge on the use of models in Chemistry classes in the middle and high school. Those knowledges regard the comprehension of students concerning the understanding and models elaborated in science and the models implemented in the Chemistry teaching, as well as the abilities to plan didactic situations that use models. In this research, we aimed to identify the contributions and barriers during the Chemistry teacher education, in UFRN, in relation to the construction of knowledge that subsidize training teachers in the elaboration of teaching activities that involve the use of models. The investigation was accomplished in UFRN, in the Course of Degree in Chemistry, along with 13 student teachers that studied the subject Practice of Chemistry Teaching. For this research, the following instruments were used: questionnaires with open and closed questions, elaboration of a plan of activities for the Chemistry teaching and an interview to answer the established study s questions. The data was analyzed in an established criteria, classified and tabled. The results showed that the student teachers representations regarding scientific knowledge contemplated, among other topics, the idea of a method for his/her construction. In some cases, the models role was emphasized in that construction, as well as the social dimension in the validation of that knowledge. The scientific models were highlighted by most of the student teachers, as a representation method to explain, understand and interpret the chemical phenomena. On the other hand, the didactic models stood out, in most of cases, as a method of aiding the Chemistry students of the Basic Education to understand the scientific models. The representations regarding those categories contemplated important aspects, although in a superficial way, reflecting the limitations of reflections during the formative process. In the elaboration of teaching activities that use models, difficulties were evidenced, in the process of plan construction, relative to the didactic structure and to the proposition of activities that contemplated models, although the student teachers have mobilized different elements regarding the pedagogic knowledge of the content. Such verifications evidence the urge for the teacher development programs to promote changes in the teacher education in order to propitiate, during this process, reflections, discussions and propositions of activities regarding categories highlighted in this research, contributing to the construction of initial elements regarding the pedagogic knowledge of the content that will be developed throughout teaching, therefore corroborating to the teacher s professionalization

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Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

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The educational institutions need to rethink issues related to teacher training in order to seek personal construction of teaching. Oriented research has been identified as useful in the process of teacher training. Through research builds knowledge about the problems faced in teaching, producing the most effective methods. The aim of this paper is to verify the validity of the application of research activities in the form of short courses and themed play during the formation of licensees and the use and construction of knowledge of high school students who attended these short courses. This work is linked to training of undergraduates and implementation of different activities of teaching and learning for high school students. The oriented investigation was the methodology chosen for the development of activities in which, through the construction and implementation of the mini-courses Students are encouraged to participate in the construction of knowledge itself in activities that suggest the development and testing of hypotheses. The mini-courses are designed and implemented by teachers of the ninth and tenth terms of the degree in chemistry. Students of public schools were the privileged. Data were collected through observation and interview. In applying these mini-courses, associated with the daily, prospective teachers connected theory to practice, arousing the curiosity of students and leading them to raise issues related to the content of chemistry. Students showed interest in the construction of the content addressed. The student teachers sought to study different concepts and how to make them more attractive, causing the chemistry was associated with the phenomena of everyday life, including the problems faced when teaching and trying different possible solutions. Thus, there was an increase in interest in teaching and learning

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This paper is part of a broader investigation on Epistemology of Biology carried out by a group of researchers from Cascavel/PR. It involves studies and research about biological thought on subjects such as the growing of the concepts of gene, genotype and phenotype. The aim of this research was to gather the undergraduate students of Biological Sciences’ views about the role played by the inclusion of a historical episode in the study group as a trigger for epistemological discussions and didactic reflections. Firstly, the students received Johannsen’s article “The genotype conception of heredity”, published in 1911 in the journal The American Naturalist, in which he proposed the concepts of genotype and phenotype, among other ones. After, there was a discussion held by group about the concepts proposed in the article taking into account the epistemological, historical and didactic aspects. Data collection occurred through the recording of the group discussions and individual interviews. The results suggest that the inclusion of this historical episode, enabled the participants to develop critical thinking through collective reflection on the meaning of biological knowledge in different contexts.

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Ser professor é uma profissão intrinsecamente ligada ao conhecimento. Reconhecendo que a centralidade da epistemologia da prática profissional para a profissionalidade (Roldão, 2005a; Tardif, 2000) não permite escamotear debates diversos sobre a natureza do conhecimento em causa, focamos a nossa atenção menos sobre as características desse corpo de conhecimento e mais sobre o papel dos professores relativamente à sua produção. Zeichner (2008) destacou o progresso verificado no reconhecimento do potencial do conhecimento produzido por práticos para a investigação em educação, para a formação de professores e para a política educativa, lamentando que esse conhecimento seja ainda marginalizado. Com a habilitação docente situada ao nível do 2.o ciclo (mestrado), reafirmam-se leituras de reconhecimento de legitimação da investigação produzida pelos professores e de expectativa de aumento dessa produção, afirmadas relativamente à transição de bacharelato para licenciatura (Roldão, 2002). Pretendemos contribuir para este debate apresentando dados de um estudo sobre a variação existente nos cursos de formação inicial acerca do papel da investigação quer na formação quer na profissão futura. Os dados foram recolhidos no âmbito das anteriores licenciaturas em educação de infância, mas mantém-se a sua relevância para o debate em torno das expectativas formativas relativas à dimensão investigativa nos cursos de formação de professores. Confrontaremos perspetivas de: a) futuros educadores de infância, recolhidas através de questionários com questões abertas, e b) docentes dos cursos, recolhidas através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A recolha foi realizada em duas das dez instituições de ensino superior público identificadas como exigindo um trabalho de investigação no ano final do curso. Encontrou-se consenso entre estudantes e docentes sobre a importância da investigação como parte do trabalho docente, reconhecendo-se contributos para a qualidade do mesmo. A diversidade de argumentações para justificar a relação investigação-profissão alinha-se com perspetivas existentes na literatura. Realça-se a ausência, ao nível das razões expressas pelos participantes, da produção de conhecimento profissional específico, associado à afirmação da profissionalidade, relevante tendo em conta que um estatuto de profissionalismo exige um conhecimento profissional que sustenta a afirmação e a distinção social da profissão (Rodrigues, 2002). Para a discussão dos resultados mobilizou-se a complexa relação entre profissionalização docente e produção de conhecimento profissional (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 2009a; Diniz-Pereira & Zeichner, 2008), assim como resultados de estudos em contextos europeus que abordaram temáticas semelhantes.

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Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Matemática na Educação Pré-Escolar e nos 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

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A definição do perfil geral de desempenho do professor do ensino básico bem como os padrões de qualidade da formação inicial são quadros de referência para a estruturação das actividades de iniciação à prática profissional. Assim, diferentes modalidades de formação inicial de professores de Ciências da Natureza têm sido implementadas, visando uma maior articulação entre a teoria e a prática, proporcionando aos futuros professores um contacto tão estreito e directo quanto possível com a realidade educativa vigente nas escolas. O presente trabalho pretende essencialmente, analisar comparativamente duas modalidades diferentes de formação, que vigoram em duas instituições de ensino superior responsáveis por essa formação, uma pública e outra privada. O estudo realizado revelou diferenças, sobretudo, ao nível do currículo proporcionado e da implementação da prática pedagógica.

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Ao longo dos últimos anos, as exigências com que o professor se tem deparado no exercício da sua profissão têm sido cada vez maiores. Os contextos educacionais são extremamente complexos e muito diferentes uns dos outros. O professor tem que desenvolver competências que lhe permitam responder de forma autónoma e criativa a tudo o que lhe é exigido. A formação inicial é um momento fulcral para o desenvolvimento dessas competências, mas não o único. É o início de um processo de preparação e desenvolvimento que deve ser continuado ao longo da vida profissional. A formação inicial de professores de Português promovida pela Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa passou, nos últimos vinte e sete anos, por três modelos que se diferenciam, sobretudo, na importância atribuída à prática pedagógica. Este facto tem tido repercussões nas dificuldades reveladas pelos jovens professores no momento em que iniciam a sua carreira. Esta dissertação foi os resultados de uma investigação de natureza descritiva que teve como objetivo investigar a relação que existe entre esses três modelos de formação inicial e as necessidades concretas dos professores em início de carreira, com base nos quais se fazem recomendações de formação contínua para colmatar as lacunas verificadas ao testemunho dos sujeitos de investigação.

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Pensamos com este nosso trabalho de investigação contribuir para o estudo da formação inicial dos professores do ensino primário/professores do 1º ciclo do ensino básico (1942-2000), tomando como eixo a evolução dos conceitos educação, professor, aprendizagem, sintetizados no modelo maternal, em que a professora governava a sua classe como a mãe a sua família e no modelo profissional que faz do professor um expert e insiste na sua competência, quer a nível dos saberes, quer a nível das técnicas pedagógicas. Escolhemos como referente inicial do nosso estudo o ano de 1942, data em que, pelo decreto-lei nº 32 243 de 5 de Setembro de 1942, são reabertas as Escolas do Magistério Primário em Lisboa, Porto, Coimbra e Braga. Escolhemos como referente final do nosso estudo o ano de 2000, fecho de século e milénio que, na formação inicial de professores, inseriu os primeiros professores do 1º ciclo do ensino básico com licenciatura (decreto-lei nº 115, de 19 de Setembro de 1997). No percurso da formação inicial dos professores do Ensino Primário, da reabertura das Escolas do Magistério Primário (1942), à instituição das Escolas Superiores de Educação (1986), à promulgação do Estatuto da Carreira Docente (1990), à exigência do grau de licenciatura na formação inicial dos professores do 1º ciclo (1997) questionamos: - Que conceitos de educação, professor e aprendizagem estão presentes na formação inicial realizada em Escolas do Magistério Primário e Escolas Superiores de Educação? - Que transformações sofrem estes conceitos com a adopção de novos modelos de formação inicial experimentados a partir da Revolução Portuguesa de 25 de Abril de 1974?

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The present work focused on developing teaching activities that would provide to the student in initial teacher training, improving the ability of mathematical reasoning and hence a greater appreciation of the concepts related to the golden section, the irrational numbers, and the incommensurability the demonstration from the reduction to the nonsensical. This survey is classified itself as a field one which data collection were inserted within a quantitative and qualitative approach. Acted in this research, two classes in initial teacher training. These were teachers and employees of public schools and local governments, living in the capital, in Natal Metropolitan Region - and within the country. The empirical part of the research took place in Pedagogy and Mathematics courses, IFESP in Natal - RN. The theoretical and methodological way construction aimed to present a teaching situation, based on history, involving mathematics and architecture, derived from a concrete context - Andrea Palladio s Villa Emo. Focused discussions on current studies of Rachel Fletcher stating that the architect used the golden section in this village construction. As a result, it was observed that the proposal to conduct a study on the mathematical reasoning assessment provided, in teaching and activity sequences, several theoretical and practical reflections. These applications, together with four sessions of study in the classroom, turned on to a mathematical thinking organization capable to develop in academic students, the investigative and logical reasoning and mathematical proof. By bringing ancient Greece and Andrea Palladio s aspects of the mathematics, in teaching activities for teachers and future teachers of basic education, it was promoted on them, an improvement in mathematical reasoning ability. Therefore, this work came from concerns as opportunity to the surveyed students, thinking mathematically. In fact, one of the most famous irrational, the golden section, was defined by a certain geometric construction, which is reflected by the Greek phrase (the name "golden section" becomes quite later) used to describe the same: division of a segment - on average and extreme right. Later, the golden section was once considered a standard of beauty in the arts. This is reflected in how to treat the statement questioning by current Palladio s scholars, regarding the use of the golden section in their architectural designs, in our case, in Villa Emo

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This work is a research about the policy of initial education of teachers made by the federal government, in the Brazilian educational view in the 1990 s. It is based on that the procedures to the initial education of teachers are in a much bigger context of the productive rearrangement and of the reconstruction of the State and they have in the international institutions, like the CEPAL, UNESCO and the World Bank, their main mediators. The dissertation aims to analyze the implementation of the policy of initial education of educators, having as empirical field the CEFET RN institution, and as reference the undergraduate course of Geography, more specifically the subject vocational practice. This study is advised by the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of the qualitative research, and it is being characterized by a case study. Among the methodological procedures which were used, some of them can be pointed out such as, the bibliographic research, the documental analysis, the application of questionnaires and the carrying out of interviews. The studies show up CEFETs and the Superior Education Institutes were considered by the Brazilian government suitable for the introduction of the initial education of vocational training, related to teaching, a proposed model by updated principles of international organizations. However, in the CEFET RN reality, although the difficulties listed by the teachers and students in the introduction of the subject vocational practice, the initial background in the undergraduate course of Geography got one point which is getting close to the teaching that is carried out in universities, privileging teaching, research and extension. For the people who have participated of researches, the subject vocational practice is relevant for the curriculum of teaching education because it makes the articulation between theory and practice possible, aspects considered essential ones for a teaching education of quality. Also, the studies show that one of the big obstacles faced in the introduction of the subject in question, was the lack of assistance to the students who are in a period of training and in the execution of research and extension projects caused by the insufficiency of educators to perform in the undergraduate course, as well as the lack of time of the teachers due to a large number of activities that they develop in their workplace (CEFET RN). This fact reveals the way how the policy of education of teachers came to educational institutions, imposed by MEC, without considering their structure conditions. Although the difficulties, the innovator character of the experience stood out, as in relation to the locus of education as because of being an educational model which involves theory and practice and the different kinds of knowledge, pretty necessary ones for the teaching education, as well as coming beyond a pragmatic education coherent with the immediate interests of the world of work

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC