The flavor problem and discrete symmetries

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

On the flavor problem in strongly coupled theories

rnThis thesis is on the flavor problem of Randall Sundrum modelsrnand their strongly coupled dual theories. These models are particularly wellrnmotivated extensions of the Standard Model, because they simultaneously address rntherngauge hierarchy problem and the hierarchies in the quarkrnmasses and mixings. In order to put this into context, special attention is given to concepts underlying therntheories which can explain the hierarchy problem and the flavor structure of the Standard Model (SM). ThernAdS/CFTrnduality is introduced and its implications for the Randall Sundrum model withrnfermions in the bulk andrngeneral bulk gauge groups is investigated. It will be shown that the differentrnterms in the general 5D propagator of a bulk gauge field can be related tornthe corresponding diagrams of the strongly coupled dual, which allows for arndeeperrnunderstanding of the origin of flavor changing neutral currents generated by thernexchange of the Kaluza Klein excitations of these bulk fields.rnIn the numerical analysis, different observables which are sensitive torncorrections from therntree-levelrnexchange of these resonances will be presented on the basis of updatedrnexperimental data from the Tevatron and LHC experiments. This includesrnelectroweak precision observables, namely corrections to the S and Trnparameters followed by corrections to the Zbb vertex, flavor changingrnobservables with flavor changes at one vertex, viz. BR (Bd -> mu+mu-) and BR (Bs -> mu+mu-), and two vertices,rn viz. S_psiphi and |eps_K|, as well as bounds from direct detectionrnexperiments. rnThe analysis will show that all of these bounds can be brought in agreement withrna new physics scale Lambda_NP in the TeV range, except for the CPrnviolating quantity |eps_K|, which requires Lambda_NP= Ord(10) TeVrnin the absencernof fine-tuning. The numerous modifications of the Randall Sundrum modelrnin the literature, which try to attenuate this bound are reviewed andrncategorized.rnrnSubsequently, a novel solution to this flavor problem, based on an extendedrncolor gauge group in the bulk and its thorough implementation inrnthe RS model, will be presented, as well as an analysis of the observablesrnmentioned above in the extended model. This solution is especially motivatedrnfromrnthe point of view of the strongly coupled dual theory and the implications forrnstrongly coupled models of new physics, which do not possess a holographic dual,rnare examined.rnFinally, the top quark plays a special role in models with a geometric explanation ofrnflavor hierarchies and the predictions in the Randall-Sundrum model with andrnwithout the proposed extension for the forward-backward asymmetryrnA_FB^trnin top pair production are computed.

Three-Higgs-doublet model with A(4) symmetry

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Neutrinos masses in a multi-higgs model with A 4 symmetry

Presently it is well known that neutrino oscillation data are well described by massive neutrinos and their mixing. This suggests changes in the standard model (SM) and makes the flavor physics even more interesting. Recently, it has been proposed a multi-Higgs extension of the SM with Abelian and non-Abelian discrete symmetries which seeks to explain the origin of the masses and mixing matrices in all charge sectors. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

LHC discovery potential for supersymmetry with root s=7 TeV and 5-30 fb(-1)

We extend our earlier results delineating the supersymmetry reach of the CERN Large Hadron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV to integrated luminosities in the range 5-30 fb(-1). Our results are presented within the paradigm minimal supergravity model or constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model. Using a six-dimensional grid of cuts for the optimization of signal to background ratio-including missing E-T-we find for m((g) over tilde) similar to m((q) over tilde) an LHC 5 sigma supersymmetry discovery reach of m((g) over tilde) similar to 1:3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 TeV for 5, 10, 20, and 30 fb(-1), respectively. For m((q) over tilde) >> m((g) over tilde), the corresponding reach is instead m((g) over tilde) similar to 0: 8, 0.9, 1.0, and 1.05 TeV, for the same integrated luminosities.

SuSeFLAV 1.2: Program for supersymmetric mass spectra with seesaw mechanism and rare lepton flavor violating decays

Accurate supersymmetric spectra are required to confront data from direct and indirect searches of supersymmetry. SuSeFLAV is a numerical tool capable of computing supersymmetric spectra precisely for various supersymmetric breaking scenarios applicable even in the presence of flavor violation. The program solves MSSM RGEs with complete 3 x 3 flavor mixing at 2-loop level and one loop finite threshold corrections to all MSSM parameters by incorporating radiative electroweak symmetry breaking conditions. The program also incorporates the Type-I seesaw mechanism with three massive right handed neutrinos at user defined mass scales and mixing. It also computes branching ratios of flavor violating processes such as l(j) -> l(i)gamma, l(j) -> 3 l(i), b -> s gamma and supersymmetric contributions to flavor conserving quantities such as (g(mu) - 2). A large choice of executables suitable for various operations of the program are provided. Program summary Program title: SuSeFLAV Catalogue identifier: AEOD_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEOD_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 76552 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 582787 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran 95. Computer: Personal Computer, Work-Station. Operating system: Linux, Unix. Classification: 11.6. Nature of problem: Determination of masses and mixing of supersymmetric particles within the context of MSSM with conserved R-parity with and without the presence of Type-I seesaw. Inter-generational mixing is considered while calculating the mass spectrum. Supersymmetry breaking parameters are taken as inputs at a high scale specified by the mechanism of supersymmetry breaking. RG equations including full inter-generational mixing are then used to evolve these parameters up to the electroweak breaking scale. The low energy supersymmetric spectrum is calculated at the scale where successful radiative electroweak symmetry breaking occurs. At weak scale standard model fermion masses, gauge couplings are determined including the supersymmetric radiative corrections. Once the spectrum is computed, the program proceeds to various lepton flavor violating observables (e.g., BR(mu -> e gamma), BR(tau -> mu gamma) etc.) at the weak scale. Solution method: Two loop RGEs with full 3 x 3 flavor mixing for all supersymmetry breaking parameters are used to compute the low energy supersymmetric mass spectrum. An adaptive step size Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the RGEs numerically between the high scale and the electroweak breaking scale. Iterative procedure is employed to get the consistent radiative electroweak symmetry breaking condition. The masses of the supersymmetric particles are computed at 1-loop order. The third generation SM particles and the gauge couplings are evaluated at the 1-loop order including supersymmetric corrections. A further iteration of the full program is employed such that the SM masses and couplings are consistent with the supersymmetric particle spectrum. Additional comments: Several executables are presented for the user. Running time: 0.2 s on a Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU 650 with 3.20 GHz. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

FLAVOR-CHANGING NEUTRAL CURRENTS IN SU(3)L-CIRCLE-TIMES-U(1)Y MODELS

We consider flavor changing neutral current effects coming from the Z' exchange in 3-3-1 models. We show that the mass of this extra neutral vector boson may be less than 2 TeV and discuss the problem of quark family discrimination.

Application of microencapsulated flavor to extrusion product

Flavoring is still a difficult problem in the snack food industry because of the high volatility of flavors and their instability under extrusion condition. Although postextrusion added flavor is commonly used, it suffers from numerous drawbacks. Flavor losses at the exit die because flash distillation is a critical issue and can only be minimized by controlling the pressure difference at the end of the barrel and the exit die, which, however, affects other desirable product characteristics. Residence time distribution (RTD), as an important intermediate process variable that among others controls the extent of reactions, can also be a major determinant on flavor retention during extrusion. Encapsulation of flavors is a promising alternative to enhance the retention of preextrusion added flavor during extrusion. The capsules should withstand high temperature and shear conditions in, the extruder barrel. Various encapsulation techniques and their encapsulated flavor characteristics are illustrated.

An Efficient and Verifiable Solution to the Millionaire Problem

A new solution to the millionaire problem is designed on the base of two new techniques: zero test and batch equation. Zero test is a technique used to test whether one or more ciphertext contains a zero without revealing other information. Batch equation is a technique used to test equality of multiple integers. Combination of these two techniques produces the only known solution to the millionaire problem that is correct, private, publicly verifiable and efficient at the same time.