A new key to the exact sciences, or, A new and practical theory by which mathematical problems or algebraic equations of almost every description can be solved with accuracy : and with greater facility and simplicity than they can be by any method that has yet been given by any other author : in which are also introduced, a variety of useful and interesting problems, that have never before been proposed, and which it is believed cannot be solved by any methods or rules except those here laid down /

Mode of access: Internet.

El problema de Alhacén

El presente documento es un estudio detallado del problema conocido bajo el título de Problema de Alhacén. Este problema fue formulado en el siglo X por el filósofo y matemático árabe conocido en occidente bajo el nombre de Alhacén. El documento hace una breve presentación del filósofo y una breve reseña de su trascendental tratado de óptica Kitab al-Manazir. A continuación el documento se detiene a estudiar cuidadosamente los lemas requeridos para enfrentar el problema y se presentan las soluciones para el caso de los espejos esféricos (convexos y cóncavos), cilíndricos y cónicos. También se ofrece una conjetura que habría de explicar la lógica del descubrimiento implícita en la solución que ofreció Alhacén. Tanto los lemas como las soluciones se han modelado en los software de geometría dinámica Cabri II-Plus y Cabri 3-D. El lector interesado en seguir dichas modelaciones debe contar con los programas mencionados para adelantar la lectura de los archivos. En general, estas presentaciones constan de tres partes: (i) formulación del problema (se formula en forma concisa el problema); (ii) esquema general de la construcción (se presentan los pasos esenciales que conducen a la construcción solicitada y las construcciones auxiliares que demanda el problema), esta parte se puede seguir en los archivos de Cabri; y (iii) demostración (se ofrece la justificación detallada de la construcción requerida). Los archivos en Cabri II plus cuentan con botones numerados que pueden activarse haciendo “Click” sobre ellos. La numeración corresponde a la numeración presente en el documento. El lector puede desplazar a su antojo los puntos libres que pueden reconocerse porque ellos se distinguen con la siguiente marca (º). Los puntos restantes no pueden modificarse pues son el resultado de construcciones adelantadas y ajustadas a los protocolos recomendados en el esquema general.

Big Data or Right Data?

Abstract Big data nowadays is a fashionable topic, independently of what people mean when they use this term. But being big is just a matter of volume, although there is no clear agreement in the size threshold. On the other hand, it is easy to capture large amounts of data using a brute force approach. So the real goal should not be big data but to ask ourselves, for a given problem, what is the right data and how much of it is needed. For some problems this would imply big data, but for the majority of the problems much less data will and is needed. In this talk we explore the trade-offs involved and the main problems that come with big data using the Web as case study: scalability, redundancy, bias, noise, spam, and privacy. Speaker Biography Ricardo Baeza-Yates Ricardo Baeza-Yates is VP of Research for Yahoo Labs leading teams in United States, Europe and Latin America since 2006 and based in Sunnyvale, California, since August 2014. During this time he has lead the labs in Barcelona and Santiago de Chile. Between 2008 and 2012 he also oversaw the Haifa lab. He is also part time Professor at the Dept. of Information and Communication Technologies of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, in Barcelona, Spain. During 2005 he was an ICREA research professor at the same university. Until 2004 he was Professor and before founder and Director of the Center for Web Research at the Dept. of Computing Science of the University of Chile (in leave of absence until today). He obtained a Ph.D. in CS from the University of Waterloo, Canada, in 1989. Before he obtained two masters (M.Sc. CS & M.Eng. EE) and the electronics engineer degree from the University of Chile in Santiago. He is co-author of the best-seller Modern Information Retrieval textbook, published in 1999 by Addison-Wesley with a second enlarged edition in 2011, that won the ASIST 2012 Book of the Year award. He is also co-author of the 2nd edition of the Handbook of Algorithms and Data Structures, Addison-Wesley, 1991; and co-editor of Information Retrieval: Algorithms and Data Structures, Prentice-Hall, 1992, among more than 500 other publications. From 2002 to 2004 he was elected to the board of governors of the IEEE Computer Society and in 2012 he was elected for the ACM Council. He has received the Organization of American States award for young researchers in exact sciences (1993), the Graham Medal for innovation in computing given by the University of Waterloo to distinguished ex-alumni (2007), the CLEI Latin American distinction for contributions to CS in the region (2009), and the National Award of the Chilean Association of Engineers (2010), among other distinctions. In 2003 he was the first computer scientist to be elected to the Chilean Academy of Sciences and since 2010 is a founding member of the Chilean Academy of Engineering. In 2009 he was named ACM Fellow and in 2011 IEEE Fellow.

Plotino y Grosseteste: El neoplatonismo en la cosmología medieval

En este trabajo se estudia el caso de la cosmología del filósofo y científico Robert Grosseteste como un ejemplo de la notable influencia del neoplatonismo en la ciencia medieval. Uno de los propósitos de la cosmología de Grosseteste consistió en explicar la secuencia efectiva de la creación del cosmos. Sostengo que la explicación que ofrece Grosseteste acerca de la creación es una expresión renovada de algunas ideas de Plotino a propósito de cómo el Uno engendra lo múltiple. Me interesa resaltar tres aspectos de la estrecha relación entre el sistema cosmológico de Grosseteste y el sistema metafísico de Plotino: (1) Unidad de principio, (2) Mecanismos de generación y (3) Unidad del sistema.

Concentric characterization and classification of complex network nodes: Application to an institutional collaboration network

Differently from theoretical scale-free networks, most real networks present multi-scale behavior, with nodes structured in different types of functional groups and communities. While the majority of approaches for classification of nodes in a complex network has relied on local measurements of the topology/connectivity around each node, valuable information about node functionality can be obtained by concentric (or hierarchical) measurements. This paper extends previous methodologies based on concentric measurements, by studying the possibility of using agglomerative clustering methods, in order to obtain a set of functional groups of nodes, considering particular institutional collaboration network nodes, including various known communities (departments of the University of Sao Paulo). Among the interesting obtained findings, we emphasize the scale-free nature of the network obtained, as well as identification of different patterns of authorship emerging from different areas (e.g. human and exact sciences). Another interesting result concerns the relatively uniform distribution of hubs along concentric levels, contrariwise to the non-uniform pattern found in theoretical scale-free networks such as the BA model. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Correlações entre os caracteres físico-químicos de frutos da aceroleira com variáveis meteorológicas

Com objetivo de estimar as associações entre os caracteres físico-químicos do fruto com variáveis meteorológicas, conduziu-se um experimento no pomar da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, no período de dezembro/97 a janeiro/99, avaliando-se em cada colheita espontânea de 5 genótipos, valores médios de altura e diâmetro de vinte frutos, teor de vitamina C, ºBRIX, pH, rendimento médio de polpa em três amostras de vinte frutos, massa média de frutos e tempo de colheita em dias. Os dados meteorológicos diários utilizados foram obtidos na Estação Agroclimatológica do Departamento de Ciências Exatas da FCAV/ UNESP. Baseando-se nas maiores correlações entre as médias das temperaturas máxima (TMAX), mínima (TMIN) e média (TME) no período de colheita (1), no período de colheita incluindo-se os três dias antecedentes (2) e no período de colheita incluindo-se os dez dias antecedentes (3), associadas com os caracteres físico-químicos de frutos, elegeu-se TMIN2, como a mais influente entre as estudadas e estimou-se o somatório da precipitação (PR) e horas-luz diárias (HL) do mesmo período. Com as estimativas de precipitação e insolação em horas-luz diárias e TMIN2, obtiveram-se as correlações entre os caracteres físico-químicos de frutos de aceroleiras na média geral e dentro da média de cada genótipo analisado. Concluiu-se que as variáveis meteorológicas TMIN2, PR e HL apresentaram respostas diferenciadas dentro de cada genótipo, influenciando as expressões dos caracteres físico-químicos de seus frutos e que as correlações entre HL e tempo de colheita em dias, entre e dentro de todos os genótipos estudados, foram direta e altamente significativas, de modo que a variável HL condicionou a periodicidade e extensão das colheitas (safras).

The licensing of a laboratory for manipulating radionuclides in Brazil

Radionuclides take a major role in guidelines of environmental agencies/national organizations of countries worldwide. In Brazil, CNEN-Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear is responsible for managing all subjects related to nuclear energy in the country. Thus, laboratories employing radionuclides for the development of their activities must submit a Radioprotection Plan to CNEN in order to get an operation license. Such plan must indicate that the laboratory is exempt of risks to the people involved and designed to fit all related environmental aspects. This was the case of LABIDRO-Hydrochemical and Isotopes Laboratory that belongs to IGCE-Geosciences and Exact Sciences Institute from UNESP - the University of the State of São Paulo Júlio de Mesquita Filho, located at Rio Claro city, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total monthly activity of the radionuclides utilized during the laboratorial activities held at LABIDRO corresponds to 0.01 μCi. This paper describes all information provided by LABIDRO in order to get the CNEN license. The LABIDRO plan also showed the expected radioactive waste released when the experiments take place and CNEN decided that it fits the guidelines established by Brazilian legislation. Therefore, LABIDRO received its license for utilizing radionuclides, which is valid until September 2016. © 2013 WIT Press.

Geochemical and radioactivity characterization of rocks from the Rio Preto (Go) Project

The Rio Preto Project, developed by the extinct Brazilian nuclear state company, Nuclebrás, during the late 70s and early 80s, consisted of basic geological mapping and radiometric characterization by aerogeophysical gamma-ray spectrometry, without channel discrimination, of a surface area of 650 km2 located to the west of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park on the northeastern of Goiás State, Brazil, including the confluence area of Claro and Preto Rivers. Additionally, the natural radioelements U, Th and 40K were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry in 300 rock samples from cores of the Rio Preto Project area. The tests were conducted at LABIDRO-Isotopes and Hydrochemistry Laboratory of the Departament of Petrology and Metallogeny (DPM) of the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, UNESP, in Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. This paper reports the results of petrographic characterization and chemical analyses of major oxides (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, MnO, K2O, Na2O, CaO and P2O5) for all samples used to determine the natural radioelements present in the region. The organic matter content results obtained by colorimetry are also reported for selected cores of different lithotypes in order to investigate the possible relationship between graphite and the radioelements uranium and thorium. Finally, uranium content and 234U/238U activity ratio data for selected samples of schists and gneisses of the Lower Member of the Ticunzal Formation suggest the influence of weathering processes in the area. © 2012 Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica.

Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional de apoio ao ensino de sistemas eletrônicos digitais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comportamento sexual e percepção do HIV/AIDS entre estudantes universitárias do IBILCE/UNESP de São José do Rio Preto

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A distribuição estatística das notas do exame nacional do ensino médio (ENEM): um sistema complexo educacional

Pós-graduação em Física - IGCE

Formação para uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação nas licenciaturas das Universidades Estaduais Paulistas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Universidade e inovação científica e tecnológica: um estudo patentométrico na Unesp

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC