Interdependence in Southern Africa: an examination of the relations between Zimbabwe and South Africa

Most research on southern Africa focuses on the total dependency of the region's states--Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, zambia and Zimbabwe--upon the dominant power, South Africa. This thesis examines the relationship between South Africa and Zimbabwe and argues that these two states are more interdependent than dependency scholars would acknowledge. Although a study of the historical period reveals that dependency theory, as defined by Raul Prebisch, Andre Gunder Frank and A. Valenzuela, is helpful for understanding the development of relations between the two states, it is unable to account for many of the characteristics of the relationship which are found in the contemporary context, especially since 1980. An examination of various economic areas of interaction, including investment, trade and transportation, as well as the political realm, indicates that each state exhibits a degree of dependence upon the other. Thus, it is possible to characterize the relationship as one of "mutual dependence," or interdependence as defined by Robert Keohane and Joseph S. Nye. Interdependence is further examined through the concepts of sensitivity and vulnerability. Sensitivity signifies the ability of a state to respond effectively to policy changes made by another state wi thin a given area of interaction without incurring large costs, while vulnerability denotes that an actor is unable to respond, or only at great cost. By applying these concepts to the relationship between Zimbabwe and South Africa, it is determined that although South Africa tends to be sensitive while Zimbabwe is generally vulnerable, the degrees to which these two states are sensi ti ve and vulnerable varies over time and issue area. As the changes wi thin South Africa start to affect relations wi th the rest of southern Africa, it wi 11 be necessary to understand the interaction between the states from an interdependency perspective if cooperation within the region wi 11 be successful. By appl ying an interdependence framework, this study aims at contributing to the understanding of relations among the countries of southern Africa in general, and between South Africa and Zimbabwe in particular.

Plato and Frankfurt: Two Theories of the Relations Between Love and Living Well

This thesis provides a comparison of the ideas of caring and love as they appear in the works of Plato and Frankfurt. Frankfurt, a contemporary philosopher, maintains that an individual arrives at the most meaningful life through understanding what it is that heor she cares about the most. Interestingly, the instances of eros in Plato's Symposium and Phaedrus resonate with this idea. We see throughout these erotic dialogues similarities to Frankfurt's notions of care and love.Throughout his many works, Frankfurt provides us with several distinct features of care and love. This thesis offers an in depth discussion of each of these features andalso provides commentary from other contemporary philosophers who are familiar with Frankfurt's work. In addition, this thesis applies these features of care and love to Plato's erotic dialogues, and emphasizes areas in which Plato and Frankfurt agree and those inwhich they disagree. In essence, it becomes apparent that while there are many similarities between the ideas of these two prominent thinkers, Plato and Frankfurt do not agree about what constitutes the best human life. Plato maintains that the best life is onespent dedicated to philosophy and in pursuit of the 'good'. Frankfurt, on the other hand,imposes no such limitations on what we should consider the best life because people are likely to have different life experiences that lead them to care about and love different things. Instead he suggests that the best or most meaningful human life is one in which a person spends his or her life caring about the things he or she does, indeed, care aboutand loving those things he or she does, indeed, love.

Asia and Europe; studies presenting the conclusions formed by the author in a long life devoted to the subject of the relations between Asia and Europe,

Papers originally published in the Contemporary review, the National review, and the Spectator.

The Valerian persecution; a study of the relations between church and state in the third century A. D.,

Bibliography: p. [273]-281.

Records of the relations between Siam and foreign countries in the 17th century.

Copied from papers reserved at the India office.

Contratualização na Administração Pública: o caso da descentralização de competências educacionais para os Municípios

A presente investigação procurou descrever, de forma exaustiva, o processo de previsão, negociação, implementação e avaliação do Contrato de Execução celebrado entre a Câmara Municipal de Sintra e o Ministério da Educação em 2009. Este contrato corresponde a um instrumento previsto na regulamentação do quadro de transferências de competências para os municípios em matéria de educação, de acordo com o regime previsto no Decreto-Lei n.º 144/2008, de 28 de julho. Definida a problemática e os objetivos, a investigação centrou-se num estudo de caso no qual foi feita a descrição e interpretação do processo e das ações desenvolvidas pelos intervenientes no período compreendido entre 2008 e 2011. Recorreu-se à confrontação dos dados obtidos através da análise das fontes documentais e do recurso às entrevistas realizadas aos responsáveis pelo Pelouro da Educação e diretores dos Agrupamentos de Escolas, à luz da revisão da literatura e do contributo de diferentes trabalhos de investigadores nesta matéria. A investigação permitiu concluir que o processo de contratualização foi algo complexo face à realidade deste Município e que o normativo apresenta várias lacunas no que diz respeito à contratualização da referida transferência de competências, designadamente porque procura generalizar algo que não é, de todo, generalizável – o campo da educação face à complexidade dos territórios educativos em causa e aos dos intervenientes envolvidos no mesmo.

The relations between religion and science : eight lectures preached before the University of Oxford, in the year 1884, on the foundation of the late John Bampton /

Mode of access: Internet.

Selfish genetic elements favor the evolution of a distinction between soma and germline

Many multicellular organisms have evolved a dedicated germline. This can benefit the whole organism, but its advantages to genetic parasites have not been explored. Here I model the evolutionary success of a selfish element, such as a transposable element or endosymbiont, which is capable of creating or strengthening a germline-soma distinction in a primitively multicellular host, and find that it will always benefit the element to do so. Genes causing germline sequestration can therefore spread in a population even if germline sequestration is maladaptive for the host organism. Costly selfish elements are expected to survive only in sexual populations, so sexual species may experience an additional push toward germline-soma distinction, and hence toward cell differentiation and multicellularity.

Evolution of the link between selective anti-poverty policies and social sectors policies

Includes bibliography

The moderating effect of personal mastery and the relations between stress and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen

OBJECTIVE: This study tested whether feelings of personal control over one's life circumstances (i.e., personal mastery) would attenuate the relations between stress (i.e., negative life events and caregiving distress) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI)-1 antigen, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. DESIGN: Seventy-one spousal dementia caregivers were assessed for plasma levels of PAI-1 antigen, negative life events, caregiver distress, and feelings of personal mastery. Regression analysis was used to determine if personal mastery moderated the relations between stress (i.e., life stress and caregiving distress) and PAI-1 antigen levels. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 antigen in plasma. RESULTS: After controlling for other factors associated with PAI-1 antigen levels, negative life events were positively associated with plasma PAI-1 antigen concentrations in participants low in personal mastery (beta = .31; p = .050) but not in individuals high in personal mastery (beta = .22; p = .184). The moderating effect of mastery on the relations between caregiving distress and PAI-1 antigen did not reach statistical significance (p = .091). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that mastery may protect individuals from some of the alterations in hemostatic factors that have been linked to cardiovascular risk.

The relations between Arabs and Israelites prior to the rise of Islam

D. S. Margoliouth

The relations between religion and academic education; an address at the author's inauguration as president of Miami University, Ohio, August 13th, 1845.

Mode of access: Internet.