Test set I-48-B and ohmmeter ZM-21A/U.

"November 1954."

Distribution line models analysis for loss calculation within three-phase three-wire power flow algorithms

Three-phase three-wire power flow algorithms, as any tool for power systems analysis, require reliable impedances and models in order to obtain accurate results. Kron's reduction procedure, which embeds neutral wire influence into phase wires, has shown good results when three-phase three-wire power flow algorithms based on current summation method were used. However, Kron's reduction can harm reliabilities of some algorithms whose iterative processes need loss calculation (power summation method). In this work, three three-phase three-wire power flow algorithms based on power summation method, will be compared with a three-phase four-wire approach based on backward-forward technique and current summation. Two four-wire unbalanced medium-voltage distribution networks will be analyzed and results will be presented and discussed. © 2004 IEEE.

Copper wire tables.

Mode of access: Internet.

Combustibility of electrical wire and cable for rail rapid transit systems.

Mode of access: Internet.

In situ diagnostics and prognostics of wire bonding faults in IGBT modules for electric vehicle drives

This paper presents a diagnostic and prognostic condition monitoring method for insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) power modules for use primarily in electric vehicle applications. The wire-bond-related failure, one of the most commonly observed packaging failures, is investigated by analytical and experimental methods using the on-state voltage drop as a failure indicator. A sophisticated test bench is developed to generate and apply the required current/power pulses to the device under test. The proposed method is capable of detecting small changes in the failure indicators of the IGBTs and freewheeling diodes and its effectiveness is validated experimentally. The novelty of the work lies in the accurate online testing capacity for diagnostics and prognostics of the power module with a focus on the wire bonding faults, by injecting external currents into the power unit during the idle time. Test results show that the IGBT may sustain a loss of half the bond wires before the impending fault becomes catastrophic. The measurement circuitry can be embedded in the IGBT drive circuits and the measurements can be performed in situ when the electric vehicle stops in stop-and-go, red light traffic conditions, or during routine servicing.

Organizational, direct and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools list : air conditioner, wall or base mounted, air cooled, self contained, electric motor driven, 6,000 BTU/hr, 115v, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50/60 Hertz (Therm-air model CE-6A-60A2), FSN 4120-476-9249.

Includes index.

Organizational, DS, GS, and depot maintenance manual including repair parts : air conditioner, floor mounting, air cooled, electric motor driven, AC, 208/416 volt, 3 phase, 4 wire, 50/60 cycle, 60,000 Btu/hr (Airflow model MAS-10-S19) FSN 4120-869-7842.

"April 1968."

Organizational, direct support, and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists (including depot maintenance repair parts and special tools) : air conditioner, 25,000 Btu, electric motor driven, 120/208V, 3 phase, 50/60 Hz, 4 wire, Ellis Watts model MOAC-336, NSN 4120-01-030-6883.

Includes index.

Operator, organizational, direct support and general support manual : air conditioner, 25,000 BTU, electric motor driven, 120/208V, 3 phase, 50/60 Hz, 4 wire, Ellis watts, model MOAC-336, NSN 4120-01-030-6883.

"February 1977."

Technical manual, operator, organizational, direct support, and general support maintenance manual : air conditioner, wall or base mounted, air cooled, self contained, electric motor driven, 6,000 BTU/hr, 115V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50/60 hertz (Therm-air model CE-6A-60A2), FSN 4120-476-9249.

"January 1972."

Analysis and improvements of four-wire power converters for electric vehicle chargers

A robust and well-distributed backbone charging network is the priority to ensure widespread electrification of road transport, providing a driving experience similar to that of internal combustion engine vehicles. International standards set multiple technical targets for on-board and off-board electric vehicle chargers; output voltage levels, harmonic emissions, and isolation requirements strongly influence the design of power converters. Additionally, smart-grid services such as vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-vehicle require the implementation of bi-directional stages that inevitably increase system complexity and component count. To face these design challenges, the present thesis provides a rigorous analysis of four-leg and split-capacitor three-phase four-wire active front-end topologies focusing on the harmonic description under different modulation techniques and conditions. The resulting analytical formulation paves the way for converter performance improvements while maintaining regulatory constraints and technical requirements under control. Specifically, split-capacitor inverter current ripple was characterized as providing closed-form formulations valid for every sub-case ranging from synchronous to interleaved PWM. Outcomes are the base for a novel variable switching PWM technique capable of mediating harmonic content limitation and switching loss reduction. A similar analysis is proposed for four-leg inverters with a broad range of continuous and discontinuous PWM modulations. The general superiority of discontinuous PWM modulation in reducing switching losses and limiting harmonic emission was demonstrated. Developments are realized through a parametric description of the neutral wire inductor. Finally, a novel class of integrated isolated converter topologies is proposed aiming at the neutral wire delivery without employing extra switching components rather than the one already available in typical three-phase inverter and dual-active-bridge back-to-back configurations. The fourth leg was integrated inside the dual-active-bridge input bridge providing relevant component count savings. A novel modified single-phase-shift modulation technique was developed to ensure a seamless transition between working conditions like voltage level and power factor. Several simulations and experiments validate the outcomes.

Universal zero-bias conductance through a quantum wire side-coupled to a quantum dot

A numerical renormalization-group study of the conductance through a quantum wire containing noninteracting electrons side-coupled to a quantum dot is reported. The temperature and the dot-energy dependence of the conductance are examined in the light of a recently derived linear mapping between the temperature-dependent conductance and the universal function describing the conductance for the symmetric Anderson model of a quantum wire with an embedded quantum dot. Two conduction paths, one traversing the wire, the other a bypass through the quantum dot, are identified. A gate potential applied to the quantum wire is shown to control the current through the bypass. When the potential favors transport through the wire, the conductance in the Kondo regime rises from nearly zero at low temperatures to nearly ballistic at high temperatures. When it favors the dot, the pattern is reversed: the conductance decays from nearly ballistic to nearly zero. When comparable currents flow through the two channels, the conductance is nearly temperature independent in the Kondo regime, and Fano antiresonances in the fixed-temperature plots of the conductance as a function of the dot-energy signal interference between them. Throughout the Kondo regime and, at low temperatures, even in the mixed-valence regime, the numerical data are in excellent agreement with the universal mapping.

Optimisation of doped microcrystalline silicon films deposited at very low temperatures by Hot-Wire CVD

In this paper we present new results on doped μc-Si:H thin films deposited by hot-wire chemical vapour deposition (HWCVD) in the very low temperature range (125-275°C). The doped layers were obtained by the addition of diborane or phosphine in the gas phase during deposition. The incorporation of boron and phosphorus in the films and their influence on the crystalline fraction are studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Good electrical transport properties were obtained in this deposition regime, with best dark conductivities of 2.6 and 9.8 S cm -1 for the p- and n-doped films, respectively. The effect of the hydrogen dilution and the layer thickness on the electrical properties are also studied. Some technological conclusions referred to cross contamination could be deduced from the nominally undoped samples obtained in the same chamber after p- and n-type heavily doped layers.

Load compensation in four-wire electrical power systems

This work describes a methodology for power factor control and correction of the unbalanced currents in four-wire electric circuits. The methodology is based on the insertion of two compensation networks, one wye-grounded neutral and another in delta, in parallel to the load. The mathematical development has been proposed in previous work [3]. In this paper, however, the methodology was adapted to accept different power factors for the system to be compensated. on the other hand, the determination of the compensation susceptances is based on the instantaneous values of the load currents. The results are obtained using the MatLab - Simulink environment.

Universal zero-bias conductance through a quantum wire side-coupled to a quantum dot

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)