Cidade digital

A Resolução do Conselho de Ministros n.º 120/2008, de 30 de Julho, definiu como prioridade estratégica para o País, no sector das comunicações electrónicas, a promoção do investimento em redes de nova geração. Com o objectivo de dar execução às orientações estratégicas estabelecidas, o Decreto -Lei n.º 123/2009, de 21 de Maio, veio estabelecer um conjunto de obrigações aplicáveis ao Estado, às Regiões Autónomas, às autarquias locais, empresas públicas, concessionárias e, genericamente, às entidades que detenham infra-estruturas que se integrem em domínio público, de forma a garantir a todas empresas de comunicações electrónicas, o acesso às infra-estruturas aptas ao alojamento de redes de comunicações electrónicas. Em Portugal, o caminho a ser traçado até as redes de nova geração passa pela, abertura eficaz e não discriminatória de todas as condutas e outras infra-estruturas aptas ao alojamento de redes de comunicações electrónicas, elaboração de regras técnicas aplicáveis às infra-estruturas de telecomunicações em loteamentos, urbanizações e conjuntos de edifícios, adopção de soluções que eliminem ou atenuem as barreiras verticais à instalação de fibra óptica e que evitem a monopolização do acesso aos edifícios pelo primeiro operador. Neste âmbito, excluem-se, pela sua especial natureza e fins a que estão afectas, as redes privativas dos órgãos políticos de soberania, do Ministério da Defesa Nacional, das forças e serviços de segurança, de emergência e de protecção civil. Assim, este trabalho visa apresentar procedimentos aplicáveis às infra-estruturas de telecomunicações para elaboração de um cadastro de todas as infra-estruturas, públicas e privadas, aptas ao alojamento de redes de comunicações electrónicas, e propor instruções técnicas para as condições e direitos de acesso, construção e intervenção sobre estas infra-estruturas.

The Sound of the Digital Global City

Madrid has been the center of Spanish musical scene and industry since the 80s, when “la movida” becomes the metaphor for the new colorful, young and cosmopolitan country established with the arrival of democracy. The city, in this way, is basically a place. But this sense of place started to crash with the arrival of digital music. In the new paradigm, intermediaries were supposed to disappear and music was something contained in networks and computers. The question now is how to integrate digital music, a nonphysical, individual experience, with the way in which the city of Madrid is lived through in musical terms. With the advent of digital music, concerts became the primary source of income for musicians. The centrality of the gig can be understood as the confirmation that we are living in an economy of experience. This centrality also reorganized the way in which music is produced and consumed: now, records are produced in order to create the opportunity of a musical event (band promote their tour as presentation of their latest recordings) that can be promoted in social networks and media; concerts are the places where musicians construct their fans’ communities and are the places were records are sold, not a way to know the band but to demonstrate both the support for the band and the status of the listeners. To study the place of music in the process of metropolization in Madrid we need to understand music as a field of tension

Digital collaborations and entrepreneurship – the role of shareconomy and crowdsourcing in the era of smart city

The thesis begins with the classical cooperation and transfers it to the digital world. This work gives a detailed overview of the young fields of research smart city, shareconomy and crowdsourcing and links these fields with entrepreneurship. The core research aim is the finding of connections between the research fields smart city, shareconomy and crowdsourcing and entrepreneurial activities and the specific fields of application, success factors and conditions for entrepreneurs. The thesis consists of seven peer-reviewed publications. Based on primary and secondary data, the existence of entrepreneurial opportunities in the fields of smart city, shareconomy and crowdsourcing could be confirmed. The first part (publications 1-3) of the thesis are literature reviews to secure the fundamental base for further research. This part consists of newly created definitions and an extreme sharpening of the research fields for the near future. In the second part of the thesis (publications 4-7), empirical field work (in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs) and quantitative analyses (fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis and binary logistic regression analysis) contribute to the field of research with additional new insights. Summarizing, the insights are multi-layered: theoretical (e.g. new definitions, sharpening of the research field), methodical (e.g. first time application of the fuzzy set/qualitative comparative analysis in the field of crowdfunding) and qualitative (first time application of in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs in the fields of smart city and shareconomy). The global research question could be answered: the link between entrepreneurship and smart city, shareconomy and crowdfunding could be confirmed, concrete fields of application could be identified and further developments could be touched upon. This work strongly contributes to the young fields of research through much-needed basic work, new qualitative approaches, innovative methods and new insights and offers opportunities for discussion, criticism and support for further research.

Digital Diamonds: Cloudscape – Datascape - City Connect: Patronando Madrid - Construir Ciudades

SIN FINANCIACIÓN

Il ruolo delle tecniche geomatiche nella realizzazione di Digital Twin City: una sperimentazione sulla città di Bologna

L’incessante urbanizzazione e il continuo aumento della popolazione urbana stanno generando nuove sfide per le pubbliche amministrazioni, le quali necessitano soluzioni per la gestione sostenibile di risorse primarie (cibo, acqua, suolo, fonti energetiche) e la corretta pianificazione delle città, allo scopo di salvaguardare le condizioni ambientali, la salute dei cittadini e il progresso economico: in questo complesso panorama si afferma il concetto di Digital Twin City (DTC) o gemello digitale della città, la controparte virtuale di oggetti e processi in ambiente urbano in grado di comunicare con essi e di simularne, replicarne e predirne i possibili scenari. In questo contesto, un elemento essenziale è costituito dal modello geometrico 3D ad alta fedeltà dell'ambiente urbano, e la Geomatica fornisce gli strumenti più idonei alla sua realizzazione. La presente elaborazione si sviluppa in tre parti: nella prima è stata condotta un’analisi della letteratura sui DTC, in cui sono state evidenziate le sue caratteristiche principali come l’architettura, le tecnologie abilitanti, alcune possibili modellazioni, ostacoli, scenari futuri ed esempi di applicazioni reali, giungendo alla conclusione che un accurato modello 3D della città deve essere alla base dei DTC; nella seconda parte è stata illustrata nel dettaglio la teoria delle principali tecniche geomatiche per la realizzazione di modelli 3D ad alta fedeltà, tra cui le tecniche fotogrammetriche di aerotriangolazione e l’algoritmo Structure from Motion (SfM); nella terza e ultima parte è stata condotta una sperimentazione su tre zone campione del comune di Bologna di cui, grazie ad un dataset di fotogrammi nadirali e obliqui ottenuto da un volo fotogrammetrico realizzato nel 2022, sono state ottenute Reality Meshes e ortofoto/DSM. I prodotti della terza zona sono stati confrontati con i medesimi ottenuti da un dataset del 2017. Infine, sono state illustrati alcuni strumenti di misura e di ritocco dei prodotti 3D e 2D.

Quantifying urban attractiveness from the distribution and density of digital footprints

In the past, sensors networks in cities have been limited to fixed sensors, embedded in particular locations, under centralised control. Today, new applications can leverage wireless devices and use them as sensors to create aggregated information. In this paper, we show that the emerging patterns unveiled through the analysis of large sets of aggregated digital footprints can provide novel insights into how people experience the city and into some of the drivers behind these emerging patterns. We particularly explore the capacity to quantify the evolution of the attractiveness of urban space with a case study of in the area of the New York City Waterfalls, a public art project of four man-made waterfalls rising from the New York Harbor. Methods to study the impact of an event of this nature are traditionally based on the collection of static information such as surveys and ticket-based people counts, which allow to generate estimates about visitors’ presence in specific areas over time. In contrast, our contribution makes use of the dynamic data that visitors generate, such as the density and distribution of aggregate phone calls and photos taken in different areas of interest and over time. Our analysis provides novel ways to quantify the impact of a public event on the distribution of visitors and on the evolution of the attractiveness of the points of interest in proximity. This information has potential uses for local authorities, researchers, as well as service providers such as mobile network operators.