Private Higher Education in the Sultanate of Oman: Rationales, Development and Challenges

Diese Studie stellt die Entwicklung des privaten Hochschulbereichs im Oman dar und analysiert sie auf die damit verbundenen Erwartungen. Sie untersucht die wesentlichen Herausforderungen, denen sich dieser Sektor zu stellen hat, und formuliert einige Empfehlungen, um die Rolle der privaten Hochschulbildung im Oman zu fördern. Um die Situation in Oman einordnen zu konnen, wurde die Literatur zu Systemen der privaten Hochschulbildung in verschiedenen Ländern vergleichend aufgearbeitet. Der Autor dieser Dissertation hat zudem zahlreiche offizielle Dokumente, Statistiken der Regierung, Berichte, Korrespondenzen und auch unveröffentlichtes Material zum Thema Bildung, Wirtschaft und zur Personalentwicklung geprüft und analysiert. Halb-strukturierte Interviews wurden mit Präsidenten und Dekanen privater Hochschulen sowie mit einigen externen Akteuren durchgeführt, um die Stärken und Schwächen, Herausforderungen und Ziele des privaten Hochschulsektors in Oman zu analysieren.

Afghan Opium and the EU: Fighting the War Economy through Development Cooperation. EU Diplomacy Paper No. 4, 2014

Opium is at the heart of the war economy in Afghanistan, involving a broad range of actors. It generates a sustainable violence cycle and, while international troops withdraw from the country, threatens the Afghan government’s reconstruction efforts. The European Union (EU) plays an important part in the debate on how to deal with this issue. Several counter-narcotics policies have been implemented since 2001 and have mostly failed. This paper looks at these failures and questions the European Union’s ability to help tackle the problem of opium in Afghanistan. It argues that a comprehensive development response, backed by counter-narcotics incentives, could unfasten the spiral of the war economy. It also argues that the EU has developed relevant policies based on poverty alleviation and a structural approach to the opium issue but still lacks the means for action and for donor coordination in order to significantly influence the situation.

Quantification of urban land use intensity - A case of Dhaka City of Bangladesh

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

Implementing A vision for change: moving towards a modern, quality and responsive mental health service. Carlow / Kilkenny / South Tipperary.

The key element of the HSE South’s Programme is to enhance and develop community mental health services in Carlow, Kilkenny and South Tipperary, to enable the service user to remain in the community to the greatest extent possible. HSE South has prioritised the implementation of the change programme and has allocated more than €20m capital funding and over €1.75m revenue funding to support this comprehensive development programme. Speaking at the briefings Mr. Pat Healy, Regional Director of Operations, HSE South said, “When this plan is delivered, clients will have access to the highest standards of services in all three counties, which should significantly improve these clients’ treatment programmes and quality of life. The National Service Users Executive are supporting the change programme, which is of immense importance to HSE South. The programme heralds the enhancement and development of community mental health services, the closure of old long stay institutions, the separation of North and South Tipperary acute inpatient mental health services and development of appropriate acute inpatient services, for the extended catchment area, in line with the national strategy for mental health “A Vision for Change”. The programme also acts on recommendations of the Mental Health Commission.”This resource was contributed by The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.

Cabo Verde: Das Políticas Públicas aos Objetivos do Milénio

Esta dissertação analisa os principais fatores que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento económico de Cabo Verde. Neste contexto, são abordadas questões relacionadas com a relevância da abordagem CDF (Comprehensive Development Framework) e com o apoio por parte da comunidade internacional, visando facilitar o processo de desenvolvimento dos países em vias de desenvolvimento. Abordada a questão do exemplo de uma boa abordagem aplicada em Cabo Verde no processo do Acordo de Cooperação Cambial, posteriormente é analisada a importância que esse acordo teve no desenvolvimento económico. Os Objetivos do Milénio integram oito objetivos, onde são definidas as prioridades em termos de elaboração e implementação de medidas de políticas sociais que visam sobretudo proporcionar às populações a garantia e o acesso aos serviços sociais básicos como a saúde, a educação, ao abastecimento de água e redes de saneamento, à igualdade entre os géneros e à conservação do meio ambiente. Cabo Verde aceitou o desafio lançado pela ONU e desde então tem vindo a consolidar, desenvolver e implementar um conjunto de ações estratégicas que lhe permitirão, em 2015, estar confortável em relação ao cumprimento dos ODMs. O trabalho aqui apresentado é o resultado de um estudo sobre Cabo Verde e procura responder as questões como: Cabo Verde evoluiu no sentido da concretização dos objetivos do milénio? Qual é o modelo de desenvolvimento mais adequado para Cabo Verde?

Com treballar l'autoestima al parvulari mitjançant activitats d'aprenentatge

L’autoestima és un aspecte que influeix en el desenvolupament integral dels infants. Amb freqüència la nostra autoestima es veu afectada per les experiències i exigències que rebem del món exterior. Per tant, un infant necessita tenir una adequada autoestima, d’aquesta manera, tindrà més confiança en si mateix, més interès i serà més positiu en tots els aspectes. El treball que trobem a continuació està format per un marc teòric i un marc empíric. En el marc teòric els conceptes que es treballen són l’educació inclusiva i l’atenció a la diversitat com a àmbits on es desenvolupa l’autoestima dels alumnes. En relació a l’autoestima es tracten temes com les característiques bàsiques que presenten els infants segons el seu grau d’autoestima (excessiva, adequada, baixa, deficient), a més de la importància del paper del mestre en la formació d’aquesta. En el marc empíric s’exposen les tècniques que s’utilitzen per avaluar l’autoestima i les possibles activitats d’intervenció que es poden portar a terme a l’aula per tal de treballar-la.

Toimintajärjestelmän rakentaminen laatu-, ympäristö- sekä työterveys- ja työturvallisuusstandardien vaatimusten mukaisesti

Diplomityön kohdeyritys on Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj:n (L&T) Vantaan jätehuolto -yksikkö.Yrityksen yhtenäiset toimintatavat ovat edellytyksenä toiminnan tehostamiselle,jatkuvalle kehittämiselle ja hallitulle laajentumiselle. Yrityksen toimintajärjestelmä (johtamisjärjestelmä) muodostuu laadun (ISO 9001), ympäristön (ISO 14001) sekä työterveyden ja työturvallisuuden (OHSAS 18001) hallintajärjestelmistä. Integroitu toimintajärjestelmä muodostaa yritykselle tehokkaan ja kokonaisvaltaisen kehittämisen työvälineen.Diplomityön tavoitteena on luoda teoreettinen perusta L&T:n Vantaan jätehuolto -yksikön sertifiointi -projektille. Diplomityön teoriasisältö muodostuu seuraavien asiakokonaisuuksien käsittelystä: kohdeyrityksen liiketoiminta-alan tunnuspiirteet, standardien sisältövaatimukset, toimintajärjestelmä yrityksen johtamisvälineenä sekä suorituskyvyn mittaaminen ja analysointi. Diplomityö kokoaa selkeät esitiedolliset lähtökohdat yksikön sertifiointi -projektille.Diplomityön muodostama teoreettinen perusta saavuttaa varsin onnistuneesti sille asetetut tavoitteet. Diplomityön määrittelemien lähtökohtien pohjalta rakentui yksikön varsinainen toimintajärjestelmä. Diplomityö tulee toimimaanhyvänä tukimateriaalina työn kohdeyritykselle jatkossakin; työstä on helppo tarkastaa ja kerrata toimintajärjestelmään liittyviä asiakokonaisuuksia.

Paineellisten reaktoreiden projektitoimituksen optimointi

Diplomityössä tavoitteena on saada selvitys, jonka avulla yritys löytää toimitusprojekteistaan parannusta ja huomiota vaativat osa-alueet projektimuotoisten toimitusten kustannusrakennetta ja optimointia tarkastelemalla. Näin yritys voi tulevaisuudessa kehittää projektitoimituksen osa-alueita niin että se voi vastata asiakkaiden asettamiin vaatimuksiin sekä haasteisiin entistä nopeammin ja tarkemmin. Tutkimuksen lähtökohtana ovat projektiajattelu sekä siihen liittyvän toimitusketjun prosessit, joiden avulla lähestytään tutkimuksen ongelmaa ja selvitetään koko toimitusprojektin kehitystä vaativat alueet. Tutkimuksessa vaaditut tiedot saavutettiin vapaamuotoisten haastattelujen, yrityksen dokumentteja tutkimalla sekä yhteistyökumppanien avulla. Projektitoimituksen kokonaisvaltainen kehitys vaatii yhteistyötä ja huomiota toimitusketjun jokaisessa osa-alueessa aina raaka-ainelähteiltä loppukäyttäjälle asti. Näin voidaan saavuttaa tietojen avoimuus ja täsmällisyys, jotta päästään parhaaseen lopputulokseen projektitoimituksen osalta. Erityisesti kustannusrakenteen jakauma tuleehuomioida tulevaisuudessa tarkasti tehtäessä projektitoimitukseen liittyviä ratkaisuja. Esivalmistusasteen tarkastelu asetettiin työn alussa yhdeksi tärkeimmäksi tutkimuskohteeksi. Tarkastelussa havaittiin, että valmistusasteen valinnalla voidaan vaikuttaa lähes puoleen reaktorin kustannusrakenteen mukaisista kustannuksista kuten työ-, kuljetus- ja asennuskustannukseen. Myös materiaalikustannukset ovat suuressa roolissa reaktorinkustannusrakenteessa, joten tähän tulee kiinnittää myös huomiota. Muita tutkittavia tekijöitä, jotka pääasiassa vaikuttivat materiaali- ja asennuskustannuksiin työssä olivat paineastiastandardin ja paineluokan sekä valmistuspaikan valinta. Lisäksi huomioitiin toteutuneiden toimitusten eroavaisuuksia teoreettisiin ratkaisuihin ja etsittiin näistä mahdollisia kehitys- ja kustannussäästökohteita.

Lähiliikennejunien huoltokierrätyksen tietojärjestelmän määrittely

Tämä työ perustuu järjestelmämäärittelyyn, joka tehtiin osana laajempaa kehityshanketta. Määrittelyssä pitäydyttiin olemassa olevissa toimintatavoissa, joten järjestelmällä ei ole vaikutusta toiminnanohjauksen periaatteisiin. Järjestelmän toiminnallisuus on määritelty asetettujen vaatimusten pohjalta, jotka on johdettu kunnossapitotoiminnan ongelmista. Määrittelyssä kuvatulla järjestelmällä voidaan tukea lähiliikennejunien huoltokierrätystä ja kunnossapitotoiminnan ohjausta. Tässä työssä käsitellään järjestelmän toiminnallisuutta ja vaikutuksia lähiliikennejunien kunnossapitotoimintaan. Olennainen järjestelmän piirre on, että järjestelmä ei suoranaisesti vaikuta kunnossapitotoiminnan tehokkuuteen vaan ainoastaan tuottaa tiedon jota työnjohtajat tarvitsevat suunnitellessaan junayksikköjen kierrätystä. Järjestelmällä saatavat hyödyt siis riippuvat siitä, kuinka hyvin tietoa osataan toiminnanohjauksessa hyödyntää.

Young Registered Nurses’ Intent to Leave the Profession in Finland - A Mixed-Method Study

The purpose of this study was to examine and expand understanding concerning young Finnish registered nurses (RN) with an intention to leave the profession and the related variables, specifically when that intention has emerged before the age of 30. The overall goal of the study was to develop a conceptual model in relation to young RNs’ intention to leave the profession. Suggestions for policymakers, nurse leaders and nurse managers are presented for how to retain more young RNs in the nursing workforce. Suggestions for future nursing research are also provided. Phase I consists of two sequential integrative literature reviews of 75 empirical articles concerning nurses’ intention to leave the profession. In phase II, data had been collected as part of the Nurses’ Early Exit (NEXT) study, using the BQ-12 structured postal questionnaire. A total of 147 young RNs participated in the study. The data were analysed with statistical methods. In phase III, firstly, an in-depth interpretive case study was conducted in order to understand how young RNs explain and make sense of their intention to leave the profession. The data in this study consisted of longitudinal career stories by three young RNs. The data was analysed by using narrative holistic-content and thematic methods. Secondly, a total of 15 young RNs were interviewed in order to explore in-depth their experiences concerning organizational turnover and their intent to leave the profession. The data was analysed using conventional content analysis. Based on earlier research, empirical research on the young RNs intention to leave the profession is scarce. Nurses’ intention to leave the profession has mainly been studied with quantitative descriptive studies, conducted with survey questionnaires. Furthermore, the quality of previous studies varies considerably. Moreover, nurses’ intention to leave the profession seems to be driven by a number of variables. According to the survey study, 26% of young RNs had often considered giving up nursing completely and starting a different kind of job during the course of the previous year. Many different variables were associated with an intention to leave the profession (e.g. personal burnout, job dissatisfaction). According to the in-depth inquiries, poor nursing practice environments and a nursing career as a ‘second-best’ or serendipitous career choice were themes associated with young RNs’ intention to leave the profession. In summary, young RNs intention to leave the profession is a complex phenomenon with multiple associated variables. These findings suggest that policymakers, nurse leaders and nurse managers should enable improvements in nursing practice environments in order to retain more young RNs. These improvements can include, for example, adequate staffing levels, balanced nursing workloads, measures to reduce work-related stress as well as possibilities for advancement and development. Young RNs’ requirements to provide high-quality and ethical nursing care must be recognized in society and health-care organizations. Moreover, sufficient mentoring and orientation programmes should be provided for all graduate RNs. Future research is needed into whether the motive for choosing a nursing career affects the length of the tenure in the profession. Both quantitative and in-depth research is needed for the comprehensive development of nursing-turnover research.

Understanding Recreational Services of Urban Riverfront Space for Planning Purposes

In the process of urbanization, natural and semi-natural landscapes are increasingly cherished as open space and recreational resource. Urban rivers are part of this kind of resource and thus play an important role in managing urban resilience and health. Employing the example of Tianjin, this doctoral dissertation research aims at learning to understand how to plan and design for the interface zones between urban water courses and for the land areas adjacent to such water courses. This research also aims at learning how to link waterfront space with other urban space in order to make a recreational space system for the benefit of people. Five questions of this dissertation are: 1) what is the role of rivers in spatial and open space planning? 2) What are the human needs regarding outdoor open space? 3) How do river and water front spatial structures affect people's recreational activities? 4) How to define the recreational service of urban river and waterfront open space? 5) How might answering these question change planning and design of urban open space? Quantitative and qualitative empirical approaches were combined in this study for which literature review and theoretical explorations provide the basis. Empirical investigations were conducted in the city of Tianjin. The quantitative approach includes conducting 267 quantitative interviews, and the qualitative approach includes carrying out field observations and mappings. GIS served to support analysis and visualization of empirical information that was generated through this study. By responding to the five research questions, findings and lessons include the following: 1) In the course of time rivers have gained importance in all levels and scales of spatial planning and decision making. Regarding the development of ecological networks, mainly at national scale, rivers are considered significant linear elements. Regarding regional and comprehensive development, river basins and watersheds are often considered as the structural link for strategic ecological, economic, social and recreational planning. For purposes of urban planning, particularly regarding recreational services in cities, the distribution of urban open spaces often follows the structure of river systems. 2) For the purpose of classifying human recreational needs that relate to outdoor open space Maslow's hierarchy of human needs serves as theoretical basis. The classes include geographical, safety, physiological, social and aesthetic need. These classes serve as references while analyzing river and waterfront open space and other kinds of open space. 3) Regarding the question how river and waterfront spatial structures might affect people's recreational activities, eight different landscape units were identified and compared in the case study area. Considering the thermal conditions of Tianjin, one of these landscape units was identified as affording the optimal spatial arrangement which mostly meets recreational needs. The size and the shape of open space, and the plants present in an open space have been observed as being most relevant regarding recreational activities. 4) Regarding the recreational service of urban river and waterfront open space the results of this research suggest that the recreational service is felt less intensively as the distances between water 183 front and open space user’s places of residence are increasing. As a method for estimating this ‘Service Distance Effect’ the following formula may be used: Y = a*ebx. In this equation Y means the ‘Service Distance’ between homes and open space, and X means the percentage of the people who live within this service distance. Coefficient "a" represents the distance of the residential area nearest to the water front. The coefficient "b" is a comprehensive capability index that refers to the size of the available and suitable recreational area. 5) Answers found to the questions above have implications for the planning and design of urban open space. The results from the quantitative study of recreational services of waterfront open space were applied to the assessment of river-based open space systems. It is recommended that such assessments might be done employing the network analysis function available with any GIS. In addition, several practical planning and designing suggestions are made that would help remedy any insufficient base for satisfying recreational needs. The understanding of recreational need is considered helpful for the proposing planning and designing ideas and for the changing of urban landscapes. In the course of time Tianjin's urban water system has shrunk considerably. At the same time rivers and water courses have shaped Tianjin's urban structure in noticeable ways. In the process of urbanization water has become increasingly important to the citizens and their everyday recreations. Much needs to be changed in order to improve recreational opportunities and to better provide for a livable city, most importantly when considering the increasing number of old people. Suggestions made that are based on results of this study, might be implemented in Tianjin. They are 1) to promote the quality of the waterfront open space and to make all linear waterfront area accessible recreational spaces. Then, 2), it is advisable to advocate the concept of green streets and to combine green streets with river open space in order to form an everyday recreational network. And 3) any sound urban everyday recreational service made cannot rely on only urban rivers; the whole urban structure needs to be improved, including adding small open space and optimize the form of urban communities, finally producing a multi-functional urban recreational network.

Análisis de las necesidades del estudiante en la Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora

En la actualidad y de acuerdo al informe del Sistema Nacional de Instituciones de Educación Superior (SNIES) la deserción estudiantil en la Educación Superior está en el 52%. Cada Institución de Educación Superior (IES) realiza esfuerzos por retener y sostener en el tiempo a los estudiantes académicamente viables; estos esfuerzos están divididos en diferentes frentes: Académico, Financiero, Psicológico y Cultural. Desde la estructura administrativa se busca responder a esta necesidad, y para ello, con el fin de contrarrestar el retiro o abandono de los estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado en la Universidad del Rosario, identificado mediante la aplicación de la metodología propuesta por La Estrategia de los Cuatro Círculos y el Método MEYEP, ante cuyas conclusiones y recomendaciones se procedió a realizar un proyecto que pretende conformar una Unidad de Gestión Integral de Apoyo al Estudiante (UGIAE). Unidad que constituye una iniciativa por integrar los esfuerzos en un organismo que responda a las necesidades de los estudiantes y cuya directriz se enmarque en el contexto del Plan Integral de Desarrollo – PID – de la Universidad. La finalidad de la UGIAE es facilitar a los estudiantes académicamente viables de la Universidad del Rosario, la culminación de sus estudios; para lo cual se pretende el mejor aprovechamiento de las competencias humanas, el trabajo en equipo, y la transdisciplinariedad que canalice los esfuerzos colectivos; para este efecto se desarrolla un modelo de simulación en Stella en el que convergen y se aplican las recomendaciones finales del presente documento.

Medición de los niveles de apropiación de las TIC en los profesores de la Universidad del Rosario

En el plan de desarrollo integral 2004 – 2019 la universidad tiene como objetivo integrar diferentes tecnologías de información y comunicación en los ejes misionales de docencia, investigación y extensión, propiciando un cambio cultural progresivo de la comunidad rosarista. (pag.59); Es por esto que la universidad desea saber el nivel de conocimiento y competencia tecnológica de los docentes. Así las cosas, la Universidad busca que con su plan de desarrollo integral se forme al profesor en esa cultura, siendo este competente con la tecnología de la información para lograr ejercer satisfactoriamente su cátedra, en el contexto en que dicho plan desea integrar las diferentes tecnologías de información y comunicación, a fin de generar un apoyo a los procesos de los docentes a nivel curricular, optimizando el uso de plataformas educativa en la labor pedagógica

La Autogestión del aprendizaje y la autonomía e iniciativa personal = The self-regulation of learning and autonomy and personal Initiative

En esta investigación se trata de vincular la autogestión del aprendizaje con el desarrollo de la autonomía personal, la cual favorece el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. Partimos, en este proyecto de investigación, de la hipótesis de que la autogestión del aprendizaje es un elemento multidimensional cuya mejora revierte de forma positiva en el desarrollo de la autonomía e iniciativa personal. En esta comunicación se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación de la fase piloto de un proyecto más amplio, en el que se ha recogido información a través de autoinforme sobre las distintas estrategias y aspectos de la autogestión del aprendizaje y sobre la autonomía e iniciativa personal. Los resultados indican que, en general, hay una relación significativa positiva moderada entre las estrategias de aprendizaje y la autonomía, lo que confirma la importancia de ambos aspectos para favorecer el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes. El fomento de las estrategias de aprendizaje hace que los estudiantes desarrollen la autonomía. A su vez, exponer a los estudiantes a situaciones de aprendizaje que fomenten su autonomía mejora su competencia para aprender