Gestion du risque sécuritaire et prédiction des incidents disciplinaires : la contribution des modèles d'importation, de privation et du LS/CMI

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Formación del profesorado. Nuevos retos en la programación didáctica y de aula : NNTT, CuTIC, ATIC y CMI.

Los procesos de información y comunicación han evolucionado a través de la historia de las diversas culturas de la humanidad. Las sociedades más desarrolladas se hallan inmersas en la incorporación de una nueva Cultura de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones (CuTIC) a sus diferentes grupos sociales. El sistema educativo no puede permanecer pasivo ante esta revolución cultural, ha de incorporarla en su corpus institucional y en su praxis educativa a todos sus niveles educativos (Infantil, Primaria, Secundaria y Universidad). Esto supone una adaptación de los modelos de formación, elaborando programaciones didácticas y de aula, así como, nuevas metodologías docentes orientadas al desarrollo de las competencias profesionales en la inclusión de las nuevas tecnologías.

Changing patterns of cognitive-motor interference (CMI) over time during recovery from stroke

Objective: To explore the extent and nature of change in cognitive-motor interference (CMI) among rehabilitating stroke patients who showed dual-task gait decrement at initial assessment. Design: Experimental, with in-subjects, repeated measures design. Setting: Rehabilitation centre for adults with acquired, nonprogressive brain injury. Subjects: Ten patients with unilateral stroke, available for reassessment 1-9 months following their participation in a study of CMI after brain injury. Measures: Median stride duration; mean word generation. Methods: Two x one-minute walking trials, two x one-minute word generation trials, two x one-minute trials of simultaneous walking and word generation; 10-metre walking time; Barthel ADL Scale score. Results: Seven out of ten patients showed reduction over time in dual-task gait decrement. Three out of ten showed reduction in cognitive decrement. Only one showed concomitant reduction in gait and word generation decrement. Conclusion: Extent of CMI during relearning to walk after a stroke reduced over time in the majority of patients. Effects were more evident in improved stride duration than improved cognitive performance. Measures of multiple task performance should be included in assessment for functional recovery.

Probing the properties of Be star discs with spectroastrometry and NLTE radiative transfer modelling: beta CMi

While the presence of discs around classical Be stars is well established, their origin is still uncertain. To understand what processes result in the creation of these discs and how angular momentum is transported within them, their physical properties must be constrained. This requires comparing high spatial and spectral resolution data with detailed radiative transfer modelling. We present a high spectral resolution, R similar to 80 000, sub-milliarcsecond precision, spectroastrometric study of the circumstellar disc around the Be star beta CMi. The data are confronted with 3D, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer calculations to directly constrain the properties of the disc. Furthermore, we compare the data to disc models featuring two velocity laws: Keplerian, the prediction of the viscous disc model, and angular momentum conserving rotation. It is shown that the observations of beta CMi can only be reproduced using Keplerian rotation. The agreement between the model and the observed spectral energy distribution, polarization and spectroastrometric signature of beta CMi confirms that the discs around Be stars are well modelled as viscous decretion discs.

Liposomal cationic charge and antigen adsorption are important properties for the efficient deposition of antigen at the injection site and ability of the vaccine to induce a CMI response

With respect to liposomes as delivery vehicles and adjuvants for vaccine antigens, the role of vesicle surface charge remains disputed. In the present study we investigate the influence of liposome surface charge and antigen-liposome interaction on the antigen depot effect at the site of injection (SOI). The presence of liposome and antigen in tissue at the SOI as well as the draining lymphatic tissue was quantified to analyse the lymphatic draining of the vaccine components. Furthermore investigations detailing cytokine production and T-cell antigen specificity were undertaken to investigate the relationship between depot effect and the ability of the vaccine to induce an immune response. Our results suggest that cationic charge is an important factor for the retention of the liposomal component at the SOI, and a moderate to high (>50%) level of antigen adsorption to the cationic vesicle surface was required for efficient antigen retention in the same tissue. Furthermore, neutral liposomes expressing poor levels of antigen retention were limited in their ability to mediate long term (14 days) antigen presentation to circulating antigen specific T-cells and to induce the Th1 and Th17 arms of the immune system, as compared to antigen adsorbing cationic liposomes. The neutral liposomes did however induce the production of IL-5 at levels comparable to those induced by cationic liposomes, indicating that neutral liposomes can induce a weak Th2 response.

Characterization of cationic liposomes based on dimethyldioctadecylammonium and synthetic cord factor from M. tuberculosis (trehalose 6,6′- dibehenate) - A novel adjuvant inducing both strong CMI and antibody responses:a novel adjuvant inducing both strong CMI and antibody responses

Incorporation of the glycolipid trehalose 6,6′-dibehenate (TDB) into cationic liposomes composed of the quaternary ammonium compound dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) produce an adjuvant system which induces a powerful cell-mediated immune response and a strong antibody response, desirable for a high number of disease targets. We have used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to investigate the effect of TDB on the gel-fluid phase transition of DDA liposomes and to demonstrate that TDB is incorporated into DDA liposome bilayers. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and cryo-TEM confirmed that liposomes were formed when a lipid film of DDA containing small amounts of TDB was hydrated in an aqueous buffer solution at physiological pH. Furthermore, time development of particle size and zeta potential of DDA liposomes incorporating TDB during storage at 4°C and 25°C, indicates that TDB effectively stabilizes the DDA liposomes. Immunization of mice with the mycobacterial fusion protein Ag85B-ESAT-6 in DDA-TDB liposomes induced a strong, specific Th1 type immune response characterized by substantial production of the interferon-γ cytokine and high levels of IgG2b isotype antibodies. The lymphocyte subset releasing the interferon-γ was identified as CD4 T cells.

Currículo en el nivel preescolar costarricense: El Ciclo Materno Infantil (CMI)

The present article tackles the conceptualization and description of the Infantile Maternal Cycle as p The present article tackles the conceptualization and description of the Infantile Maternal Cycle as part of the preschool level of the Costa Rican educational system. With the intention of having a wider vision of this Cycle, a revision is done for the curriculum concept, as well as, for the elements that shape it, and then there is a detailed description of specific aspects related to the preschool Costa Rican curriculum of the Infantile Maternal Cycle, taking as a starting point the Program of Study that was designed to attend the above Cycle in the Costa Rican educational system.

Type 1 and Type 2 cytokines: from basic science to fungal infections

At the present time, it is clear that Th1 responses afford protection against the fungi; however, the development, maintenance and function of the protective immune responses are complex mechanisms and are influenced by multiple factors. The route of infection has been shown to affect initial cytokine production and, consequently, the induction of protective Th1 responses. The ability of different isolates of the same fungal agent to induce and sustain a protective response has also been emphasized. Protective immune responses have been shown to vary in genetically different mouse strains after infection. In addition, these protective responses, such as cellular influx and cytokine production, also vary within the same animal depending on the tissue infected. The functional dominance of certain cytokines over others in influencing development and maintenance of protective responses has been discussed. Certain cytokines may act differently in hosts lacking important components of their innate or immune repertoire. It is evident from these presentations that a more comprehensive understanding of the protective mechanisms against different fungal agents is emerging. However, there is still much to learn before cytokine modulatory therapy can be used effectively without risk in the human host.

A twin study of the etiology of prolonged fatigue and immune activation

Risk factors to prolonged fatigue syndromes (PFS) are controversial. Pre-morbid and/or current psychiatric disturbance, and/or disturbed cell-mediated immunity (CMI), have been proposed as etiologic factors. Self-report measures of fatigue and psychologic distress and three in vitro measures of CMI were collected from 124 twin pairs. Crosstwincrosstrait correlations were estimated for the complete monozygotic (MZ; 79 pairs) and dizygotic (DZ; 45 pairs) twin groups. Multivariate genetic and environmental models were fitted to explore the patterns of covariation between etiologic factors. For fatigue, the MZ correlation was more than double the DZ correlation (0.49 versus 0.16) indicating strong genetic control of familial aggregation. By contrast, for in vitro immune activation measures MZ and DZ correlations were similar (0.49–0.69 versus 0.42–0.53) indicating the etiologic role of shared environments. As small univariate associations were noted between prolonged fatigue and the in vitro immune measures (r = −0.07 to −0.12), multivariate models were fitted. Relevant etiologic factors included: a common genetic factor accounting for 48% of the variance in fatigue which also accounted for 4%, 6% and 8% reductions in immune activation; specific genetic factors for each of the in vitro immune measures; a shared environment factor influencing the three immune activation measures; and, most interestingly, unique environmental influences which increased fatigue but also increased markers of immune activation. PFS that are associated with in vitro measures of immune activation are most likely to be the consequence of current environmental rather than genetic factors. Such environmental factors could include physical agents such as infection and/or psychologic stress.

La adopción del cuadro de mando integral en organizaciones portuguesas: variables contingentes e institucionales

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar un conjunto de variables contingentes e institucionales que pueden potencialmente influir en el conocimiento e implementación del Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) en las organizaciones portuguesas pertenecientes al sector público y privado.

Determinantes de la adopción del cuadro de mando integral en organizaciones portuguesas del setor público y privado

Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar un conjunto de variables que pueden potencialmente influir en la adopción del Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) en organizaciones públicas y privadas portuguesas. Definimos un conjunto de hipótesis de investigación y para comprobar empíricamente las hipótesis formuladas hemos recurrido a los datos obtenidos mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario postal a 591 organizaciones públicas (ayuntamientos, hospitales, empresas municipales y empresas intermunicipales) y 549 organizaciones privadas (grandes empresas y pequeñas y medianas empresas) portuguesas, con una tasa de respuesta del 31,3%. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el compromiso de la alta dirección, el desarrollo de mapas estratégicos y el establecimiento de relaciones causa-efecto son factores que están asociados con la implementación del CMI.

La adopción del cuadro de mando integral en organizaciones portuguesas: variables contingentes e institucionales

Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar un conjunto de variables contingentes e institucionales que pueden potencialmente influir en el conocimiento e implementación del Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) en las organizaciones portuguesas pertenecientes al sector público y privado. Para comprobar empíricamente las hipótesis de investigación formuladas hemos recurrido a los datos obtenidos mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario postal a 591 organizaciones públicas y 549 organizaciones privadas portuguesas, con una tasa de respuesta total del 31,3%. Los resultados obtenidos indican la asociación entre el conocimiento CMI y el grado de formación de los empleados, así como entre la implementación del CMI y la realización de cursos de formación. Por otro lado, no hemos obtenido evidencia empírica respecto a la posible relación entre la implementación del CMI y el grado de comunicación interna, el recurso a consultores externos, cuestiones de “modas de gestión” y la búsqueda de legitimidad.