Structural behaviour of three-pile caps subjected to axial compressive loading

This work presents a comparative analysis about the behaviour of pile caps supported by 3 piles subjected to axial loading. Piles with 20 cm and 30 cm diameters were analysed. The main reinforcement was maintained in all the specimens, however, the arrangement of the secondary reinforcement varied. The main reinforcement consisted of steel bars connecting the piles. The secondary reinforcement was made up of: (a) bars going through the piles and through the projection of the column, (b) bars forming a network, and (c) vertical and horizontal stirrups. The main objective was the observation of the pile cap behaviour regarding the cracks and the modes of rupture. The real scale specimens were subjected to experimental tests until failure by rupture. Instruments were placed with the aim to obtain the displacement of the bases, the strains in the main and secondary reinforcement bars, in the compression struts, in the lower and upper nodal zones and in the sides of the caps. None of the caps reached failure by rupture with a load less than 1.12 times the theoretical load. The specimens ruptured due to the cracking of the compression strut and/or the yielding of the reinforcement bars in one direction.

Analysis of two reinforced concrete pile caps with embedded sockets in the presence of a locking beam

The present research studies the behavior of reinforced concrete locking beams supported by two capped piles with the socket embedded; used as connections for pre-cast concrete structures. The effect provoked by locking the beam on the pile-caps when supported by the lateral socket walls was evaluated. Three-dimensional numerical analyses using software based on the finite element method (FEM) were developed considering the nonlinear physical behavior of the material. To evaluate the adopted software, a comparative analysis was made using the numerical and experimented results obtained from other software. In the pile caps studied, a variation in the wall thickness, socket interface, strut angle inclination and action on beam. The results show that the presence of a beam does not significantly change pile cap behavior and that the socket wall is able to effectively transfer the force from the beam to the pile caps. By the tensions on the bars of longitudinal reinforcement, it was possible to obtain the force on the tie and the strut angle inclination before the collapse of models. It was found that the angles present more inclinations than those used in the design, which was made based on a strut-and-tie model. More results are available at http://www.set.eesc.usp.br/pdf/download/2009ME_RodrigoBarros.pdf

Adaptable Strut-and-Tie Model for Design and Verification of Four-Pile Caps

A large percentage of pile caps support only one column, and the pile caps in turn are supported by only a few piles. These are typically short and deep members with overall span-depth ratios of less than 1.5. Codes of practice do not provide uniform treatment for the design of these types of pile caps. These members have traditionally been designed as beams spanning between piles with the depth selected to avoid shear failures and the amount of longitudinal reinforcement selected to provide sufficient flexural capacity as calculated by the engineering beam theory. More recently, the strut-and-tie method has been used for the design of pile caps (disturbed or D-region) in which the load path is envisaged to be a three-dimensional truss, with compressive forces being supported by concrete compressive struts between the column and piles and tensile forces being carried by reinforcing steel located between piles. Both of these models have not provided uniform factors of safety against failure or been able to predict whether failure will occur by flexure (ductile mode) or shear (fragile mode). In this paper, an analytical model based on the strut-and-tie approach is presented. The proposed model has been calibrated using an extensive experimental database of pile caps subjected to compression and evaluated analytically for more complex loading conditions. It has been proven to be applicable across a broad range of test data and can predict the failures modes, cracking, yielding, and failure loads of four-pile caps with reasonable accuracy.

Phenotype-genotype analysis of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS): Description of a rare non-exon 3 and a novel CIAS1 missense mutation

We describe in this paper the phenotype-genotype analysis of a Brazilian cohort of patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS). Patient 1 presented with an urticarial rash and recurrent fever exacerbated by cold weather, arthritis, and anterior uveitis, thus, receiving a clinical diagnosis of familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome. CIAS1 sequencing identified the T436I mutation, previously associated to a clinical phenotype of chronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular/neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease. Patient 2 developed a papular exanthema with daily fever shortly after birth, frontal bossing, patellae enlargement, and cognitive and motor impairments. Sequencing identified the exceedingly rare G755R CIAS1 mutation in exon 4. Patient 3 developed skin rash and articular symptoms 6 h after birth, followed by aseptic meningitis. He was found to have the novel C148Y missense mutation in CIAS1. This report expands the spectrum of CIAS1 mutations associated to clinical disease, suggests that the same mutation can be associated with different clinical syndromes, and supports the evidence that CAPS patients should always be screened for mutations outside exon 3.

Estado nutricional de pacientes com esquizofrenia frequentadores do Centro de Aten����o Psicossocial (CAPS) do Hospital de Cl��nicas de Porto Alegre

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes com esquizofrenia, atendidos por um programa de reabilita����o social (CAPS). M��TODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 40 pacientes com diagn��stico de esquizofrenia, em uso de antipsic��ticos, atendidos no CAPS do Hospital de Cl��nicas de Porto Alegre. Foram verificados medidas antropom��tricas (peso, estatura, circunfer��ncia abdominal, percentual de gordura corporal), press��o arterial e tabagismo. RESULTADOS: A amostra constitui-se de 65% de homens. A m��dia de peso encontrada foi de 75,39 �� 15,73 kg. O ��ndice de massa corporal m��dio apresentou-se dentro dos par��metros de sobrepeso (26,76 �� 4,78 kg/m��), sendo 55% dos pacientes com sobrepeso ou obesidade segundo a classifica����o da OMS/1998. A circunfer��ncia abdominal e o percentual de gordura corporal apresentaram-se elevados na maioria dos pacientes (62,5% e 92,5%, respectivamente). Adicionalmente, n��o houve associa����o significativa entre IMC e a classifica����o de antipsic��ticos (t��picos, at��picos, clozapina). Encontrou-se uma correla����o entre o tempo de doen��a com o percentual de gordura (r = 0,39, p = 0,033) e escolaridade com o peso (r = 0,362, p = 0,046) e IMC (r = 0,372, p = 0,039). Na regress��o linear, 13% da variabilidade do percentual de gordura foi explicada pelo tempo de doen��a (r�� = 0,131, B = 0,233, p = 0,049); 13% da varia����o do peso foi explicada pela escolaridade (r�� = 0,131, B = 1,415, p = 0,046) e 13,8% da varia����o do IMC foi explicada pela escolaridade (r�� = 0,138, B = 0,411, p = 0,039). CONCLUS��O: Os pacientes apresentaram n��veis aumentados de circunfer��ncia abdominal, percentual de gordura corporal e peso. Aparentemente, o ganho de peso ocorre em todos os pacientes expostos a antipsic��ticos, independentemente do tipo de medica����o e de resposta cl��nica, e a qualquer momento ao longo da evolu����o da doen��a. Sugere-se que, adicionalmente, a avalia����o dos h��bitos alimentares e o acompanhamento nutricional desses pacientes, a detec����o precoce de altera����es associadas �� exposi����o aos antipsic��ticos, em especial a obesidade, e o registro de mudan��as ao longo do curso da doen��a e perante exposi����o a diferentes apresenta����es, tipos e doses de antipsic��ticos sejam essenciais para o entendimento mais preciso do ganho de peso.

O padr��o de uso de drogas por grupos em diferentes fases de tratamento nos Centros de Aten����o Psicossocial ��lcool e Drogas (CAPS-AD)

Objetivo Analisar as caracter��sticas sociodemogr��ficas e o padr��o de uso de drogas em pacientes dos CAPS-AD de Curitiba, Paran��. M��todos Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo em uma amostra de 268 indiv��duos, 184 em in��cio e 84 no terceiro m��s de tratamento. Os question��rios foram aplicados no per��odo entre abril e setembro de 2012 e, al��m das vari��veis sociodemogr��ficas pesquisadas, obtiveram-se informa����es sobre quais subst��ncias eram utilizadas, tempo e frequ��ncia de uso. Para an��lise dos dados, utilizaram-se os programas Excel e Epi-Info. M��dias e testes de qui-quadrado foram utilizados para a compara����o dos grupos. Resultados Em ambos os grupos, predominaram sexo masculino, baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, ser da cor branca, residir com familiar ou amigo e possuir moradia pr��pria. As drogas l��citas foram as mais utilizadas, e a maconha foi a droga il��cita mais utilizada na vida. O crack foi a droga mais utilizada no ��ltimo ano e no ��ltimo m��s. Inalantes e alucin��genos foram os menos utilizados. Pacientes em terceiro m��s de tratamento eram significativamente mais velhos, casados, tiveram menor uso na vida e no ��ltimo m��s de maconha, coca��na e crack, faziam uso mais frequente de ��lcool, e mais de um ter��o nunca tinha usado droga il��cita na vida. Conclus��o Os achados deste estudo podem subsidiar o desenvolvimento de estrat��gias que possibilitem que grupos vulner��veis possam acessar e se manter em tratamento nos CAPS-AD.

Review of the effectiveness of caps on indemnity cover for doctors in private practice

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Projecte d���una granja d���engreix porc�� de 1.200 caps al terme municipal de Bellcaire d���Empord�� (Baix Empord��)

El projecte t�� com a objectiu la construcci�� d���una nau per a ��s ramader, concretament per a l���engreix de porcs, aix�� com de les instal���lacions necess��ries per a fer-la viable. Aquesta granja d���engreix ser�� un complement per a l���activitat actual de la finca. L���edificaci�� disposar��, a m��s de la zona d���estabulaci��, d'un vestidor amb lavabos i un petit magatzem. Ser�� necessari disposar de sitges per al pinso, dip��sits d'aigua i bassa de purins. Pel que fa a l'apartat productiu, l'objectiu de l���explotaci�� ��s l���obtenci�� d���una producci�� de 1.000 porcs d���engreix per cicle productiu. Cada any hi haur�� 2,5 engreixades, el que representa 2.500 porcs te��rics/any

Projeto copiadora do CAPS Luis Cerqueira: do trabalho de reproduzir coisas �� produ����o de vida

A necessidade manifesta de inclus��o no processo de produ����o da vida material atrav��s do trabalho, de uma parcela da popula����o usu��ria de servi��o de sa��de mental, deu origem a este estudo. Para apreender o significado do trabalho utilizou-se o referencial do materialismo hist��rico e dial��tico, fundamentado no conceito de reabilita����o psicossocial, e o fez atrav��s da an��lise dos discursos dos usu��rios. O cen��rio �� o Centro de Aten����o Psicossocial Prof. Luis Cerqueira (CAPS). Os resultados indicam a compreens��o do trabalho como um instrumento que possibilita aos usu��rios acessar o campo dos direitos sociais.

A rede social de indiv��duos sob tratamento em um CAPS ad: o ecomapa como recurso

Trata-se de um estudo desenvolvido com indiv��duos sob tratamento num Centro de Aten����o Psicossocial para ��lcool e drogas (CAPS ad) da regi��o sul do Brasil. O estudo teve 300 horas de observa����o participante e grupos focais, nos quais se utilizou o ecomapa como instrumento para a discrimina����o das fontes de suporte social. O estudo objetivou a identifica����o da rede social de indiv��duos sob tratamento devido ao uso abusivo de drogas, promovendo uma reflex��o sobre a qualidade e situa����o dos v��nculos estabelecidos com as pessoas significativamente importantes para eles. Os resultados evidenciaram uma trajet��ria de separa����es e perdas. O uso do ecomapa permitiu a identifica����o de pontos vulner��veis nas vincula����es destes sujeitos, configurando-se, portanto, numa estrat��gia ��tica que possibilita a identifica����o conjunta (entre profissional e usu��rio) de necessidades do ��mbito social, familiar e individual a serem contempladas no planejamento de cuidados de sa��de, sobretudo em sa��de mental.

Planejamento familiar de mulheres com transtorno mental: o que profissionais do CAPS t��m a dizer

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar demandas de planejamento familiar que chegam ao Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial (CAPS) e investigar contribui����es desse servi��o para as mulheres portadoras de transtorno mental. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, realizado com oito profissionais de um CAPS de Fortaleza-CE. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista, sendo utilizada para an��lise a t��cnica de conte��do. As demandas detectadas foram: solicita����o de informa����es pelos familiares para lidar com paciente sexualmente ativo; pacientes suscet��veis �� viol��ncia sexual e gravidez; mulheres com depress��o, em uso de carbonato de l��tio. As contribui����es: necessidade de rede integrada (aten����o b��sica/CAPS), com profissionais conhecedores das particularidades do planejamento familiar dessas mulheres - parte defende atendimento na aten����o b��sica, parte, atendimento no CAPS, destacando-se o matriciamento como estrat��gia a corresponsabilizar os dois polos, evitando encaminhamentos desnecess��rios aos CAPS, pelo fortalecimento da resolubilidade dos casos na aten����o b��sica.

Receipt from John Henderson and Co., Manufacturers of Hats, Caps and Furs and dealers in Indian Curiosities

Receipt from John Henderson and Co., Manufacturers of Hats, Caps and Furs and dealers in Indian Curiosities, Montreal for furs and buttons, Oct. 13, 1887.

Tants caps, tants barrets : una evid��ncia anomenada diversitat. 'Tantas cabezas, tantos gorros : una evidencia llamada diversidad'.

Resumen de la revista en catal��n

The impact of 21st century Arctic sea ice decline on the climate and mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet and Svalbard���s glaciers and ice caps

The Arctic is a region particularly susceptible to rapid climate change. General circulation models (GCMs) suggest a polar amplification of any global warming signal by a factor of about 1.5 due, in part, to sea ice feedbacks. The dramatic recent decline in multi-year sea ice cover lies outside the standard deviation of the CMIP3 ensemble GCM predictions. Sea ice acts as a barrier between cold air and warmer oceans during winter, as well as inhibiting evaporation from the ocean surface water during the summer. An ice free Arctic would likely have an altered hydrological cycle with more evaporation from the ocean surface leading to changes in precipitation distribution and amount. Using the U.K. Met Office Regional Climate Model (RCM), HadRM3, the atmospheric effects of the observed and projected reduction in Arctic sea ice are investigated. The RCM is driven by the atmospheric GCM HadAM3. Both models are forced with sea surface temperature and sea ice for the period 2061-2090 from the CMIP3 HadGEM1 experiments. Here we use an RCM at 50km resolution over the Arctic and 25km over Svalbard, which captures well the present-day pattern of precipitation and provides a detailed picture of the projected changes in the behaviour of the oceanic-atmosphere moisture fluxes and how they affect precipitation. These experiments show that the projected 21stCentury sea ice decline alone causes large impacts to the surface mass balance (SMB) on Svalbard. However Greenland���s SMB is not significantly affected by sea ice decline alone, but responds with a strongly negative shift in SMB when changes to SST are incorporated into the experiments. This is the first study to characterise the impact of changes in future sea ice to Arctic terrestrial cryosphere mass balance.