998 resultados para Austria-Historia


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Mode of access: Internet.

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UANL

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UANL

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Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Contiene: Historia de Austria (131 p.) ; Historia de Bohemia (88 p.) ; Historia de Baviera (60, [1] p.) ; Historia de Hungria (74 p., [37] h. de lám.) ; Historia de la Sajonia (37 p. [3] h. de lam.) ; Historia de la Prusia (69 p. , [15] h. de lam.) ; Historia de Wurtenberg (35 p. ,[3] h. de lam.) ; Historia de Baden (21 p. ,[1] h. de lam.)

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Austria and Finland are persistently referred to as the “success stories” of post-1945 European history. Notwithstanding their different points of departure, in the course of the Cold War both countries portrayed themselves as small and neutral border-states in the world dictated by superpower politics. By the 1970s, both countries frequently ranked at the top end in various international classifications regarding economic development and well-being in society. This trend continues today. The study takes under scrutiny the concept of consensus which figures centrally in the two national narratives of post-1945 success. Given that the two domestic contexts as such only share few direct links with one another and are more obviously different than similar in terms of their geographical location, historical experiences and politico-cultural traditions, the analogies and variations in the anatomies of the post-1945 “cultures of consensus” provide an interesting topic for a historical comparative and cross-national examination. The main research question concerns the identification and analysis of the conceptual and procedural convergence points of the concepts of the state and consensus. The thesis is divided into six main chapters. After the introduction, the second chapter presents the theoretical framework in more detail by focusing on the key concepts of the study – the state and consensus. Chapter two also introduces the comparative historical and cross-national research angles. Chapter three grounds the key concepts of the state and consensus in the historical contexts of Austria and Finland by discussing the state, the nation and democracy in a longer term comparative perspective. The fourth and fifth chapter present case studies on the two policy fields, the “pillars”, upon which the post-1945 Austrian and Finnish cultures of consensus are argued to have rested. Chapter four deals with neo-corporatist features in the economic policy making and chapter five discusses the building up of domestic consensus regarding the key concepts of neutrality policies in the 1950s and 1960s. The study concludes that it was not consensus as such but the strikingly intense preoccupation with the theme of domestic consensus that cross-cut, in a curiously analogous manner, the policy-making processes studied. The main challenge for the post-1945 architects of Austrian and Finnish cultures of consensus was to find strategies and concepts for consensus-building which would be compatible with the principles of democracy. Discussed at the level of procedures, the most important finding of the study concerns the triangular mechanism of coordination, consultation and cooperation that set into motion and facilitated a new type of search for consensus in both post-war societies. In this triangle, the agency of the state was central, though in varying ways. The new conceptions concerning a small state’s position in the Cold War world also prompted cross-nationally perceivable willingness to reconsider inherited concepts and procedures of the state and the nation. At the same time, the ways of understanding the role of the state and its relation to society remained profoundly different in Austria and Finland and this basic difference was in many ways reflected in the concepts and procedures deployed in the search for consensus and management of domestic conflicts. For more detailed information, please consult the author.

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El objetivo de este trabajo es doble. Primero: hacer visible la influencia de los valores del liberalismo romántico en la composición de un nuevo orden estético. Y el segundo: mostrar cómo a partir de esta nuevo orden se expande una visión e interpretación del arte y la sociedad ligada al espíritu de esta cosmovisión. Evidenciando así la importancia del arte en la configuración del pensamiento liberal como rector del sistema internacional, donde no sólo los matices económicos, políticos y comerciales permiten la difusión, expansión y consolidación de este pensamiento en la sociedad europea e internacional. Para tal fin, la hipótesis que queremos sostener es que, primero: en el caso del arte de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en Francia, conocido como impresionismo, están implícitos los valores del liberalismo romántico. Y segundo: por medio del contenido de las obras pictóricas de este movimiento se expanden los mismos valores que incentivaron el arte frances, recalando y haciendose visibles en la sociedad y en el arte de finales del mismo siglo en Austria.

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Resumen del vídeo en catalán

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Monográfico con el título: 'Profesorado de enseñanza secundaria, memoria y patrimonio'. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

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Until the beginning of the 1900:th century the paper making process was handicraft. The paper machines that have been developed since then are as impressing in size as fascinating when it comes to the technique. The process has always been improved to give a better paper for lower costs, with as short manufacture time as possible. Stratified forming has been a reality since 1830. From the beginning it was applied to board and paperboard. Now it is also the most common method for making tissue and one paper mill in Austria use it for fine paper. Stratified forming can be categorized as separate forming or simultaneous forming. Separate forming means using several headboxes and sometimes even several wires. Simultaneous forming means using only one stratified headbox. This method has many advantages over separate forming, inter alia improved economy, quality, wood exchange and higher runability of the paper machine. Several experiments have been done with simultaneous forming of different fibres by placing a fibre with high bulk in the middle layer and a smooth fibre on the surface layers. The results has shown that by using this method both the bending stiffness and surface properties are improved, or a lower grammage paper is obtained with maintaining quality. Simultaneous forming can also be used to stratify fillers in layers where they are most efficient. In that way both paper quality and economy is improved. Simultaneous forming is also used for fractionated pulp. Fractionation means separating springwood fibre from summerwood fibre, and placing them in separate layers. Research results of fractionated pulp show about the same result as simultaneous forming of different fibres.