1000 resultados para Abordagem humanista


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This paper focuses on the importance of a Humanistic Pedagogy that cnphasizes the personal worth of each individual in the University education. Interactions between masters and students were studied upon different aproaches. Emphasis was given to the dynamic of group formation in the classroom as well as the development of inter-personal relationships. Twenty students of the Hedicine School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro as well as three teachers involved in the same field of study - Discipline were carefully analised throuqh a proper Methodology. Overall, the issue of the proposed study is complex and multifaceted. Institucional factors as well as bilogical, psychological and social factors should be considered for a better understanding of thc problem. Our results strongly suggest the existence of an "Educational Space" where an up to date Humanistic Pedagogy should be applied.

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Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul.

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O objetivo geral deste estudo consistiu em identificar as dimensões da burocracia e relacioná-las aos elementos de disfunção burocrática existentes em uma unidade da administração pública estadual, no âmbito da Criminalística, que influenciam a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT), considerando as abordagens humanista e restritiva, no contexto da Coordenadoria Geral de Perícias (CGP), a partir da percepção dos servidores lotados nesta unidade da Segurança Pública. Utilizou-se a pesquisa descritiva por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa de estudo de caso, com amostra constituída por peritos criminais do Instituto de Criminalística "Hercílio Macellaro" (ICHM), lotados na Capital do Estado, Campo Grande - MS. O método de coleta de dados adotado para a constatação das disfunções burocráticas foi um questionário com assertivas fechadas de alternativas de múltipla escolha, cujo modelo de resposta compõe-se por quatro níveis de gradação (sempre, muitas vezes, poucas vezes, nunca), elaborado a partir do modelo de Maia e Pinto (2007). Em outro momento, foi aplicado o questionário apresentando questões que abordavam os elementos da QVT propostos por Werther e Davis (1983), adaptado para o presente estudo. Para este questionário, as questões foram apresentadas em escala polarizada de satisfação do tipo Likert, composta por cinco alternativas (discordo totalmente, discordo parcialmente, não concordo nem discordo, concordo parcialmente e concordo totalmente), caracterizando a opinião do participante. A interpretação dos dados permitiu analisar a existência de quatro elementos de disfunção burocrática: internalização das regras, excesso de formalismo, rotinas e registros, resistência às mudanças e exibição de sinais de autoridade. De uma lado, a abordagem humanista foi possível analisar que os respondentes da pesquisa evidenciam ruídos na comunicação, tanto vertical quanto horizontal, o que indica a necessidade de mais transparência e clareza possível dentro e entre as equipes nos departamentos e destes com os superiores hierárquicos, a fim de proporcionar maior entendimento entre todos os envolvidos e a eliminação de conflitos que possam ocorrer através de informações distorcidas. Por outro lado, a análise da abordagem restritiva sobre a QVT neste estudo permitiu observar a predominância da racionalidade instrumental no contexto organizacional do ICHM, uma vez que está voltada somente para atender a seus processos organizacionais fundamentados no binômio técnica versus produção. Pode-se, assim, considerar que o ICHM está fortemente ligado ao modelo de organização burocrática, exteriorizado por quatro níveis de disfunções burocráticas. Além disso, como pretexto pela busca da eficiência, eficácia e efetividade, a práxis organizacional do ICHM parece convergir para dois modelos de produção: fordista e taylorista, as quais reforçam a corrente restritiva da QVT, que parece confirmar a manutenção da coisificação do sujeito em relação ao objeto, isto é, quando se pensava que o ser orgânico pudesse desfrutar do desenvolvimento tecnológico alcançado em várias ciências, paradoxalmente, o que tem sido visto é o trabalho como um fim em si mesmo.

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Dissertação de mest. em Observação e Análise da Relação Educativa, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Univ. do Algarve, 2003

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There has been a considerable interest in coordination complexes of molecular nitrogen (N2), partly due to a possible relationship between such complexes and the nitrogen activation process in nature. The present paper describes the synthesis and infrared spectroscopic characterization of an iron-nitrogen derivative with ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate (edta) as an experiment for an undergraduate course. The topics covered here include synthesis, reactivity and spectroscopy.

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The input of agrochemicals in the aquatic compartment can results in biochemical injuries for living organisms. In this context, the knowledge of alterations of enzymatic activities due the presence of agriculture pollutants contributes for the elucidation of the mechanisms of toxicity, implementation of economic methods for monitoring purposes and establishment of maximum allowed concentrations. In the present work, the above considerations are discussed, and data concerning changes in enzymatic function by pesticides and fertilizer contaminants are reviewed. Also, we focused on the acid phosphatase due its susceptibility to several pollutants and diversity in cellular functions.

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The aim of this paper is to discuss some rhythmic differences between European and Brazilian Portuguese and their relationship to pretonic vowel reduction phenomena. After the basic facts of PE and PB are presented, we show that the issue cannot be discussed without taking into account secondary stress placement, and we proceed to present the algorithm-based approach to secondary stress in Portuguese, representative of Metrical Phonology analyses. After showing that this deterministic approach cannot adequately explain the variable position of secondary stress in both languages regarding words with an even number of pretonic syllables, we argue for the interpretation of secondary stress and therefore for the construction of rhythmic units at the PF interface, as suggested in Chomsky s Minimalist Program. We also propose, inspired by the constrain hierarchies as proposed in Optimality Theory, that such interpretation must take into account two different constraint rankings, in EP and BP. These different rankings would ultimately explain the rhythmic differences between both languages, as well as the different behavior of pretonic vowels with respect to reduction processes.

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INTRODUCTION: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), defined as elevated concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) despite normal levels of thyroid hormones, is highly prevalent in Brazil, especially among women and the elderly. Although an increasing number of studies have related SCH to an increased risk of coronary artery disease and mortality, there have been no randomized clinical trials verifying the benefit of levothyroxine treatment in reducing these risks, and the treatment remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: This consensus, sponsored by the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism and developed by Brazilian experts with extensive clinical experience with thyroid diseases, presents these recommendations based on evidence for the clinical management of SCH patients in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After structuring the clinical questions, the search for evidence in the literature was initially performed in the MedLine-PubMed database and later in the Embase and SciELO - Lilacs databases. The strength of evidence was evaluated according to the Oxford classification system and established based on the experimental design used, considering the best available evidence for each question and the Brazilian experience. RESULTS: The topics covered included SCH definition and diagnosis, natural history, clinical significance, treatment and pregnancy, and the consensus issued 29 recommendations for the clinical management of adult patients with SCH. CONCLUSION: Treatment with levothyroxine was recommended for all patients with persistent SCH with serum TSH values > 10 mU/L and for certain patient subgroups.

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The cerebral cysticercosis can produce intracranial hypertension by inflammatory obstruction of the basal cysterns or by expansive lesion in the cerebral parenchima or ventricular cavities. In the latter and in tumor cases the clinical picture is very similar and only after surgery can the etiology be determined. We present 11 operated cases of intracranial cysticercosis which presented the clinical picture of an expansive lesion. There were 7 females and 4 males with ages between 4 and 65 years. Nine patients were admitted because of headache, vomiting and visual disturbances suggestive of intracranial hypertension. One patient was admited with lymphocytic meningitis and another with focal seizures following hemiparesis. Five patients presented focal signs and six edema of the papilla. Epileptic manifestations were present in 45.5% of the cases. A plain X-ray films of the skull failed to reveal calcificatons, however signs of chronic hypertension were present in three cases. The electroencephalogram showed slow focal waves in 8 patients The spinal fluid examination revealed lymphocytosis in 4 cases, increased protein content in another 4 and complement fixation for cysticercosis was positive in 2 cases. The expansive lesions were localized by angiograph and ventriculography. In these the location was temporal in 4, frontal in 3, parietal in 2, in the third ventricle in one and in the fourth ventricle in another. At surgery we removed a large cyst from the cerebral parenchyma in six cases. Around the cyst a thick glial reaction was present. In the other cases the cyst was small but fixed to the ventricular trigone and produced dilatation of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. In two cases we removed a solitary intraventricular cyst from the third and fourth ventricles. In the two children operated upon there were several small hard cysts involving the cerebral parenchyma which displayed intense gliosis. There were no postoperative complications.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física