A critical assessment of the standard molar gibbs free energy of formation of NiWO4

Three independent studies have been reported on the free energy of formation of NiWO4. Results of these measurements are analyzed by the �third-law� method, using thermal functions for NiWO4 derived from both low and high temperature heat capacity measurements. Values for the standard molar enthalpy of formation of NiWO4 at 298·15 K obtained from �third-law� analysis are compared with direct calorimetric determinations. Only one set of free energy measurements is found to be compatible with calorimetric enthalpies of formation. The selected value for ?f H m 0 (NiWO4, cr, 298·15 K) is the average of the three calorimetric measurements, using both high temperature solution and combustion techniques, and the compatible free energy determination. A new set of evaluated data for NiWO4 is presented.

DG-10数显光栅测微仪

<正> 由中国科学院力学研究所研制的DG-10数显光栅测微仪,经中国计量科学研究院检定,其主要技术指标: 1.量程0-10mm;2.分度值0.001mm;3.示值误差在全量程内为±0.001mm;4.回程误差0.001mm;5.测杆受径向力作用时示值变化0.001mm。

El dorado Dewey : el pensamiento reflexivo en el núcleo de las competencias básicas.

Tanto en Europa como en España, se adopta como eje de cambio un conjunto delimitado de competencias claves, que los ciudadanos tienen que dominar para desenvolverse adecuadamente en la sociedad. La OCDE reconoce que en el centro del proceso de adquisición y uso de las competencias básicas se sitúan la práctica y el pensamiento reflexivos. Para John Dewey, también el núcleo del proceso educativo es el pensamiento y la experiencia reflexiva que han de realizar tanto los estudiantes como el profesorado dentro y fuera de las aulas. Por otro lado, es el desarrollo del currículum en el aula, el que marca la auténtica evolución de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Debe haber interacción y acomodación entre el currículum centrado en las materias y el focalizado en la vida e intereses de los alumnos. Según Dewey, si no se aplica este modelo, el alumno no es capaz de establecer relaciones sustantivas entre los contenidos abstractos que se introducen y su experiencia anterior. Por último, se considera que los centros educativos deben aproximarse más al mundo físico-natural y socio-cultural y a la vida extraescolar del alumnado.

Effects of the brief viewing of emotional stimuli on understanding of insight solutions

In the present study, we examined whether and how brief viewing of positive and negative images influences subsequent understanding of solutions to insight problems. For each trial, participants were first presented with an insight problem and then briefly viewed a task-irrelevant positive, negative, or neutral image (660 ms), which was followed by the solution to the problem. In our behavioral study (Study 1), participants were faster to report that they understood the solutions following positive images, and were slower to report it following negative images. A subsequent fMRI study (Study 2) revealed enhanced activity in the angular gyrus and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) while viewing solutions following positive, as compared with negative, images. In addition, greater activation of the angular gyrus was associated with more rapid understanding of the solutions. These results suggest that brief viewing of positive images enhances activity in the angular gyrus and MPFC, which results in facilitation of understanding solutions to insight problems.

Absence of cross-reactivity to myeloperoxidase of anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases

Background: Thyroperoxidase is the major antigen of the thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMA) detected in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Its amino acid sequence has 44% homology with myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme present in the primary granules of neutrophils and one of the major antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) antigens. The objective of the present study was to investigate the presence of cross-reactivity to MPO of TMA. Methods: We studied sera from 51 patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, all of them TMA-positive. The presence of ANCA was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence and by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: ANCA were positive in 3.9% of the TMA-positive sera and none of them reacted with MPO. In contrast, the ANCA-positive sera revealed antielastase activity. None of the ANCA-positive cases presented clinical signs of vasculitis. However, these 2 patients had been on prolonged treatment with propylthiouracil. Conclusions: We conclude that there is no cross-reactivity to MPO of TMA in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, possibly because of difference in the spatial configuration of the immunodominant region. The presence of ANCA in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases without evidence of vasculitis might result from propylthiouracil-induced polyclonal activation.

Gobernanza y acuerdos institucionales en las cadenas del frijol y del maíz en Centroamérica

Incluye bibliografía.

The Young Mother and the Labor Market

Introduction - The Centro de Orientacao ao Adolescente of Campinas (Southeastern Brazil) maintains a program to qualify economically disadvantaged adolescent students aged 15 to 18 years to enter the labor market. Objective - To understand life projects of teenagers who became mothers while participating in the program, in the period from 2003 to 2008, aiming to find the place of professional life in their life trajectory before and after motherhood. Method - Eight young mothers were interviewed, and a qualitative methodology was applied to the analysis of the interviews. Results - The trajectories of study and work were discontinued or adapted due to motherhood. Four young mothers completed high school and none had entered university. Three did not return to work and the rest had diverse work experiences. The reported difficulties to enter the labor market were: inadequate instruments to support the children's care, low income, lack of work experience, presence of small children and little educational background. Final Considerations - Teenage motherhood did not indicate the exclusion of educational or work projects but indicated adjustments and the need for a family and social support network. It was noted the need for public policies targeted at the inclusion of youths in the labor market and at support services such as nurseries. Also, the need for a change in gender relations was demonstrated, with greater equality of rights as a precondition for the inclusion of women, especially those who are mothers, in the labor market.

Palm Springs, un oasis de hedonismo moderno

Palm Springs, un oasis de hedonismo moderno

Desempenho fisiológico de sementes de soja submetidas ao teste de envelhecimento acelerado e postas a germinar após vários períodos de espera.

2016