987 resultados para 1995_03231515 TM-32 4501304


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"November 1987."

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土壤有机碳是陆地生态系统的一个动态组成部分,其储量、分布及其转化在陆地碳循环中起着重要的作用,是土壤肥力的核心指标之一。土壤有机碳含量的多少及其空间分布特性受气候、母质、地形等结构性因子以及施肥、耕作等随机性因子的影响。作为陆地生态系统中的一个区域化随机变量,土壤有机碳在系统内部垂直和水平方向上发生变化的同时,参与大气圈和生物圈这两个碳库之间的循环。为了揭示土壤有机碳的空间分布特性,传统统计学、地统计学、遥感与地理信息系统等方法被相继引入且逐渐走向成熟,其中,利用遥感与地理信息系统相结合的方法来反演土壤有机碳库储量及其空间分布格局为越来越多的专家学者所重视。本文在对不同方法基本理论进行简单阐述的基础上,对利用Landsat TM影像分析表层土壤有机碳格局的可行性进行了分析,并就遥感技术在反演表层土壤有机碳的空间分布格局中的应用前景进行了展望。 以黑龙江省部分黑土地区为研究对象,在不同时空尺度下分析了表层土壤有机碳与Landsat TM影像的TM1-TM5、TM7六个波段以及由其计算出的NDVI、NDTI、NDI5、NDI7、NDSVI、SAVI、RDVI和MSAVI 8个遥感指数之间的相关性。结果表明当Landsat TM影像的成像时间为2002年9月份时:(1)小尺度下表层土壤有机碳与TM1极显著相关(r=0.32, p<0.01),与TM2、TM3和NDSVI显著相关(p<0.05),相关系数分别为r=0.27,r=-0.29,r=0.26。(2)大尺度下,表层土壤有机碳与TM1、TM2、TM5和NDI5存在极显著的正相关(p<0.01),相关系数分别为r=0.30,r=0.34,r=0.35,r=0.32;而与NDI7之间存在显著相关性(r=0.27, p=0.02)。(3)当空间尺度一定时,在不同的时间尺度下与表层土壤有机碳具有显著相关性的遥感指标不同。(4)在大尺度下利用遥感技术测定法得到的回归模型对表层土壤有机碳空间分布格局具有较好的预测效果(R2=0.7097, p<0.05);(5)在大尺度下海拔高于200 m的地区表层土壤有机碳浓度显著高于海拔低于200 m的地区(p<0.05)。 通过分别利用地统计方法和遥感技术测定法分析海伦市表层土壤有机碳的空间分布格局,以步长为6170m时球状模型对表层土壤有机碳进行了拟合并利用Kriging插值方法得到了海伦市表层土壤有机碳分布格局;将这一结果与我们利用Landsat TM影像通过遥感技术测定方法得到表层土壤有机碳空间格局进行比较发现:在精度一致的前提下,遥感技术测定法在所需样本数量约为地统计方法的一半,同时在所消耗的人力、物力以及在时间上的循环周期等方面,遥感技术测定方法与地统计方法相比也有着明显的优势。

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The reduction of RE3+ to RE2+ (RE=Eu, Sm and Tm) in SrB6O10 prepared in air by high-temperature solid state reaction was observed. The luminescent properties of Eu2+ and Tm2+ show f-d transition and Sm2+ shows f-f transition at room temperature. Three crystallographic sites for Sm2+ in matrix are available. Vibronic transition of D-5(0)-F-7(0) of Sm2+ was studied. The coupled phonon energy about 108 cm(-1), was determined: from the vibronic transition. Due to the thermal population from D-5(0) level, (D1-FJ)-D-5-F-7 (J=0, 1, 2) transitions of Sm2+ were observed at room temperature. A charge compensation mechanism is proposed as a possible explanation.

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Este trabalho visa a identificar fatores que têm influência na implementação de planos estratégicos, através da realização de um estudo de caso em uma universidade privada do Rio Grande do Sul - a Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos. Uma breve revisão da literatura promove a abordagem de alguns conceitos relativos ao tema "estratégia", como planejamento estratégico, plano estratégico e processo estratégico, além de um elenco de elementos que envolvem a formulação e implementação de estratégias nas organizações em geral. O trabalho inclui também uma descrição da estrutura e do contexto organizacionais da instituição objeto do estudo. A análise dos documentosgerados pelo processo de planejamento estratégico da Organização,associada a uma pesquisa do tipo survey e respostas a uma questão aberta, permitiram destacar um conjunto de fatores considerados influentes na implementação de um plano estratégico na organização estudada. A pesquisa contemploutambém uma análise de fatores que ocorreram na organização durante a formulação e a implementaçãodo plano estratégicoem questão.

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Ulcerative colitis comprising an inflammatory bowel disease, whose most severe consequence is the development of intestinal neoplasia. The drugs currently used to treat the disease trigger a variety of serious adverse effects and are not effective in many cases. Recent studies demonstrated the effectiveness of natural products for the treatment of inflammatory processes. Seaweed extracts and their purified products have shown protective effects in models of inflammation and the association of traditional therapies with probiotics has significantly improved the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Therefore, the aims of this study include evaluating the potential effects of the use of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium 32 (Ef32), the methanolic extract of the green seaweed Caulerpa mexicana (M.E.) and their concomitant administration in a murine model of colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Accordingly, C57BL /6 mice were pretreated orally with Ef32 (109 CFU/ml) for seven days. In the seven days following, the colitis was induced by administration of 3% DSS (w/v) diluted in the animals drinking water. During this period, animals were treated daily with Ef32 and the M.E. (2.0 mg/kg) every other day by intravenous route. The development of colitis was monitored by the disease activity index (DAI), which takes into account the loss of body weight, consistency and presence of blood in stools. After euthanasia, the colon was removed, its length measured and tissue samples were destined for histological analysis and culture for cytokine quantification. The levels of cytokines in the culture supernatant of the colon were measured by ELISA. The treatments with the probiotic Ef32 or the M.E. alone or the combination of these two substances provoked significant improvement as to weight loss and DAI, and prevented the shortening of the colon in response to DSS. The isolated treatments triggered a slight improvement in intestinal mucosal tissue damage. However, their combination was able to completely repair the injury triggered by DSS. The association was also able to reduce the levels of all the cytokines analyzed (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17A and TNF-α). On the other hand, the treatment with Ef32 did not interfere with the levels of TNF-α, whereas treatment with M.E. did not alter the levels of IL-6. Moreover, the treatment with Ef32 not interferes in TNF-α levels, whereas treatment with M.E. did not alter the levels of IL-6. Therefore, the potential probiotic Ef32 and M.E. and especially when these samples were associated proved promising alternatives in the treatment of ulcerative colitis as demonstrated in an experimental model because of its beneficial effects on morphological and clinical parameters, and by reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines of Th1, Th2 and Th17

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)