El Creixement urbá a la zona volcànica de la Garrotxa

Descripció del creixement urbà dels municipis que s’inclouen dins la zona del Parc Natural de la Zona Volcànica de la Garrotxa i de com aquest influeix en el parc. Esment del Campus europeu de medi ambient que es celebrà a Olot al 1991

Evaluación del programa para estimular el desarrollo de la función ejecutiva en el aula de clase con alumnos del grado primero

El siguiente trabajo ha sido desarrollado con el fin de validar la efectividad del Programa para estimular el desarrollo de la Función Ejecutiva en niños de primer grado, el cual fue implementado en el ano de 2004, en el Centro integral de educación individualizada CIEDI; el cual es un colegio bilingüe, de población mixta que actualmente se encuentra certificado por la organización de bachillerato Internacional en los programas de años primarios e intermedios.La organización de bachillerato internacional promueve valores y habilidades como la mente abierta, investigación, reflexibilidad, solidaridad, equilibrio, pensamiento, dentro del perfil deseado del estudiante.

Identificação e quantificação dos problemas relacionados com medicamentos em pacientes que buscam atendimento no serviço de emergência do HCPA

Problemas relacionados com medicamentos (PRM) ocorrem freqüentemente na sociedade, afetando negativamente a qualidade de vida do paciente, sendo considerados problemas de saúde pública. Objetivos: Verificar se a busca de atendimento no serviço de emergência (SE) do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) estava relacionada com PRM. Métodos: A pesquisa seguiu o modelo de estudo transversal. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário estruturado preenchido durante a entrevista no SE. Seguiu-se à análise caso a caso e os PRM identificados foram classificados conforme o Segundo Consenso de Granada. As suspeitas de reações adversas encontradas foram classificadas de acordo com o Algoritmo de Naranjo. Resultados: Dos 335 entrevistados, 220 (65,7%) eram mulheres; com média de 45 anos; 257 (76,7%) brancos; 307 (91,6%) alfabetizados; 155 (46,3%) com ensino fundamental incompleto e 318 (94,9%) eram procedentes da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Observou-se uma freqüência de 31,6% de PRM, sendo os mais encontrados o PRM de inefetividade quantitativa com 30,9%, o de insegurança não-quantitativa com 29,3% e o de inefetividade não-quantitativa com 23,6%. O risco de pacientes com idade avançada apresentar algum PRM foi de 1,49 (IC 95%=1,07-2,08) e para os polimedicados foi de 1,85 (IC 95%=1,36-2,51). Os medicamentos mais envolvidos nos PRM foram os com ação nos sistemas cardiovascular (24%) e nervoso (17%). A maioria dos pacientes com PRM (56,7%) eram provenintes do ambulatório do HCPA. Conclusões: Um terço dos pacientes que buscaram atendimento no SE do HCPA o fizeram por PRM. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam a importância de pensar nos medicamentos como possíveis causadores de problemas de saúde e do desenvolvimento de programas para tornar a utilização mais racional.

Acúmulo e exportação de nutrientes em cenoura 'Forto'

In order to quantify the growth, accumulation and exportation of macronutrients by carrot 'Forto', and obtain equations that best represent them, it was conducted an experiment in the São Gotardo (MG), from May to September 2004. Samples were taken at 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 days after sowing (DAS) to determine dry matter and accumulation of macronutrients in leaves and roots. At 40 DAS, five days after thinning, the plants had 0.18 g and 0.04 g in dry leaves (LDM) and of roots (RDM), respectively. From then, until 88 DAS, the partitioning of photoassimilates and accumulation of matter in the shoots were more pronounced. The RDM was low until 80 DAS, which corresponded to two thirds of the crop cycle, from when the amount of material allocated in this part of the plant had strong growth, surpassing, at 88 DAS, the amount of LDM. The nutrient accumulation was small in the first 60 DAS, coinciding with the period of lower dry matter accumulation. The order of decreasing macronutrient accumulation by the crop were: K > N > Ca > P > S > Mg, in the amounts of 906.7, 438, 155.46, 87.4, 58 and 37.63 mg plant-1, respectively. The root participated with 60.5% of the accumulation of N, 86.1% of P, 58% of K, 25.5% of Ca, 55.6% of Mg and 65.5% of S. Considering a population of 590,000 plants per hectare, the total quantity of nutrients by the crop of carrots was 258.3, 51.6, 534.8, 91.7, 22.2 and 34.2 kg N ha-1, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, respectively.

Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon-46

Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon-46 were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The equilibrium melting enthalpy and the equilibrium melting temperature of nylon-46 were determined to be 155.58 J/g and 307.10 degreesC, respectively. The isothermal crystallization process was described by the Avrami equation. The lateral surface free energy and the end surface free energy of nylon-46 were calculated to be 8.28 and 138.54 erg/cm(2), respectively. The work of chain folding was determined to be 7.12 kcal/mol. The activation energies were determined to be 568.25 and 337.80 kJ/mol for isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization, respectively. A convenient method was applied to describe the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon-46 by a combination of the Avrami and Ozawa equations.

The behaviour of incompatible elements during hydrous melting of metasomatized peridotite at 4–6 GPa and 1000 °C–1200 °C

Trace element behavior during hydrous melting of a metasomatized garnet–peridotite was examined at pressures of 4–6 GPa and temperatures of 1000 °C–1200 °C, conditions appropriate for fluid penetrating the mantle wedge atop the subducting slab. Experiments were performed in a rocking multi-anvil apparatus using a diamond-trap setup. The compositions of the fluid and melt phases were measured using the cryogenic LA-ICP-MS technique. The water-saturated solidus of the K-lherzolite composition is located between 900 °C and 1000 °C at 4 GPa and between 1000 °C and 1100 °C at 5 and 6 GPa. The partition coefficients between fluid or melt and clinopyroxene reveal an asymmetric MREE trough with a minimum at Dy. The clinopyroxene in equilibrium with aqueous fluids is characterized by DUfluid–cpx > DThfluid–cpx while DUmelt–cpx tends to be similar to DThmelt–cpx. The partition coefficients between fluid or melt and garnet reveal very strong light to heavy REE fractionation, DLa/DLu from 95 (hydrous melt) to 1600 (aqueous fluid). The LILE are highly incompatible with partition coefficients > 50. The behavior of HFSE are decoupled, with DZr,Hf close to 1 while DNb,Ta > 10. Garnet is characterized by DUmelt/fluid–garnet < DThmelt/fluid–garnet. A comparison of our experimental partitioning results for trivalent cations as well as the results from the literature and the calculations carried out using the lattice strain model adapted to the presence of water in the bulk system indicates that H2O in the fluid or melt phase has a prominent effect on trace element partitioning. Garnet in mantle rocks in equilibrium with an aqueous fluid is characterized by significantly higher Do(3 +) for REE in the X site of the garnet compared with the partitioning values of the optimal cation in garnet in equilibrium with hydrous melts. Our data show for the first time that the change in the nature of the mobile phase (fluid vs. melt) does affect the affinities of trace elements into the garnet crystal at conditions below the second critical endpoint of the system. The same also applies for clinopyroxene, although this is less clear. Consequently, our new data allow for refinements in predictive modeling of element transfer from the slab to the mantle wedge and of possible compositions of metasomatized mantle that sources OIB magmatism.