Justificación y error en Descartes: un argumento pragmatista en la validación cartesiana del criterio de claridad y distinción

La percepción clara y distinta es el elemento sobre el que se asienta la certeza metafísica de Descartes. Con todo, el planteamiento de los argumentos escépticos referidos a la duda metódica cartesiana ha evidenciado la necesidad de hallar una justificación al propio criterio de la percepción clara y distinta. Frente a los intentos basados en la indubitabilidad de la percepción o en la garantía surgida de la bondad divina, se defenderá una justificación alternativa pragmatista.

O argumento de inclusão enquanto política de acesso à universidade pública

There are a great number of evidences showing that education is extremely important in many economic and social dimensions. In Brazil, education is a right guaranteed by the Federal Constitution; however, in the Brazilian legislation the right to the three stages of basic education: Kindergarten, Elementary and High School is better promoted and supported than the right to education at College level. According to educational census data (INEP, 2009), 78% of all enrolments in College education are in private schools, while the reverse is found in High School: 84% of all matriculations are in public schools, which shows a contradiction in the admission into the universities. The Brazilian scenario presents that public universities receive mostly students who performed better and were prepared in elementary and high school education in private schools, while private universities attend students who received their basic education in public schools, which are characterized as low quality. These facts have led researchers to raise the possible determinants of student performance on standardized tests, such as the Brazilian Vestibular exam, to guide the development of policies aimed at equal access to College education. Seeking inspiration in North American models of affirmative action policies, some Brazilian public universities have suggested rate policies to enable and facilitate the entry of "minorities" (blacks, pardos1, natives, people of low income and public school students) to free College education. At the Federal University of the state Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), the first incentives for candidates from public schools emerged in 2006, being improved and widespread during the last 7 years. This study aimed to analyse and discuss the Argument of Inclution (AI) - the affirmative action policy that provides additional scoring for students from public schools. From an extensive database, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique was used as well as a Quantile Regression considering as control the variables of personal, socioeconomic and educational characteristics of the candidates from the Brazilian Vestibular exam 2010 of the Federal University of the state Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The results demonstrate the importance of this incentive system, besides the magnitude of other variables

O argumento de inclusão enquanto política de acesso à universidade pública

There are a great number of evidences showing that education is extremely important in many economic and social dimensions. In Brazil, education is a right guaranteed by the Federal Constitution; however, in the Brazilian legislation the right to the three stages of basic education: Kindergarten, Elementary and High School is better promoted and supported than the right to education at College level. According to educational census data (INEP, 2009), 78% of all enrolments in College education are in private schools, while the reverse is found in High School: 84% of all matriculations are in public schools, which shows a contradiction in the admission into the universities. The Brazilian scenario presents that public universities receive mostly students who performed better and were prepared in elementary and high school education in private schools, while private universities attend students who received their basic education in public schools, which are characterized as low quality. These facts have led researchers to raise the possible determinants of student performance on standardized tests, such as the Brazilian Vestibular exam, to guide the development of policies aimed at equal access to College education. Seeking inspiration in North American models of affirmative action policies, some Brazilian public universities have suggested rate policies to enable and facilitate the entry of "minorities" (blacks, pardos1, natives, people of low income and public school students) to free College education. At the Federal University of the state Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), the first incentives for candidates from public schools emerged in 2006, being improved and widespread during the last 7 years. This study aimed to analyse and discuss the Argument of Inclution (AI) - the affirmative action policy that provides additional scoring for students from public schools. From an extensive database, the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique was used as well as a Quantile Regression considering as control the variables of personal, socioeconomic and educational characteristics of the candidates from the Brazilian Vestibular exam 2010 of the Federal University of the state Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The results demonstrate the importance of this incentive system, besides the magnitude of other variables

Una epistemología dela periodicidad a través de la actividad humana. La predicción como argumento.

En este reporte presentamos una epistemología de la periodicidad a través de la actividad humana, la cual toma en cuenta las prácticas sociales en las que se involucra un estudiante para construir dicha noción. En particular, presentamos el diseño de una secuencia que pretende mostrar cómo la predicción es una actividad humana que hace patente el tipo de regularidad presente en la gráfica de un movimiento y provoca una reconstrucción de significados. Al confrontar los diversos significados de regularidad, el alumno podrá estar en posición de construir el concepto de periodicidad. Este elemento se une al desplazamiento lineal y a la dualidad instante-periodo para ir conformando una socioepistemología de la periodicidad.

El argumento de los opuestos y el objeto del conocimiento en República V

Fil: Di Camillo, Silvana Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

El argumento de los opuestos y el objeto del conocimiento en República V

Fil: Di Camillo, Silvana Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Pode uma imagem ser um argumento?

Em sociedades dotadas de uma forte cultura visual, urge interrogar a legitimidade de estender a noção clássica e logocêntrica de “argumento”, até domínios não discursivos ou linguísticos, como é o caso dos fenómenos visuais. Contribuindo para discussão lusófona acerca do potencial argumentativo das imagens, este artigo argui que, embora nem todas as imagens possuam uma forma argumentativa, tal não nos leva necessariamente a supor que nenhum argumento pode ser apresentado sob a forma visual. Admitindo a perspectiva verbalista do argumento visual, segundo a qual os argumentos visuais possuem uma natureza discursiva, salienta-se a importância das proposições visuais para a apresentação de conclusões e razões que as sustentem. A análise de um cartoon e o isolamento das suas proposições visuais fornece a oportunidade de demonstrar como, na vida quotidiana, podemos observar o funcionamento de um argumento visual.

Pode uma imagem ser um argumento?

Em sociedades dotadas de uma forte cultura visual, urge interrogar a legitimidade de estender a noção clássica e logocêntrica de “argumento”, até domínios não discursivos ou linguísticos, como é o caso dos fenómenos visuais. Contribuindo para discussão lusófona acerca do potencial argumentativo das imagens, este artigo argui que, embora nem todas as imagens possuam uma forma argumentativa, tal não nos leva necessariamente a supor que nenhum argumento pode ser apresentado sob a forma visual. Admitindo a perspectiva verbalista do argumento visual, segundo a qual os argumentos visuais possuem uma natureza discursiva, salienta-se a importância das proposições visuais para a apresentação de conclusões e razões que as sustentem. A análise de um cartoon e o isolamento das suas proposições visuais fornece a oportunidade de demonstrar como, na vida quotidiana, podemos observar o funcionamento de um argumento visual.

El argumento de la indispensabilidad y el ficcionalismo de Balaguer

My main purpose in this article consist in analyzing two objections, thrown by Balaguer against Quine`s and Putnam`s indispensability argument. First I present the argument, under Quine`s philosophical framework, and classify objections against it in three main categories, one of them leading to fictionalism. The next section contains a revision about the particular form this philosophical current acquires in Balaguer`s works, to conclude by mentioning the relevant issues left unsolved, concerning the applicability of mathematics. Also mentioned is how this objection could be solved, adopting some of his adversaries premises. At the end I considerer a further objection presented by Balaguer to the indispensability argument, noting, to conclude, that although serious, nonetheless it is not conclusive.

Governamentalidade democrática e ensino de Filosofia no Brasil contemporâneo

This article takes the concepts of biopower and governmentality as the starting point for an analysis of certain recent Brazilian government documents about the introduction of Philosophy as a subject in secondary school. In the 1980s, this argument centered on Philosophy's so-called criticism and its potential for preparing citizens for a democratic society, was used by the movements aimed to restore democracy in Brazil. This argument appears to have been assimilated by the Brazilian government, because it is stated in the Guidelines and Bases of Education Law, secondary school students should demonstrate knowledge of philosophy necessary for the exercise of citizenship. The argument also appears in documents such as the PCN and PCN+ (National Curricular Parameters) and OCEM (Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary School) in their chapters on Philosophy. These documents are examined here in the light of governmentality, making explicit how Philosophy is equipped to train young people according to what is understood as a modern democratic society.

Performativity and the claims of scientificity of modern linguistics

This paper discusses the claim of the situatedness of research in both theoretical and applied linguistics and some of its implications and argues that it is linked to the performativity of all assertions, including scientific ones. More importantly, I argue that it is the regressive infinity of performativity that makes inevitable the passage from presumably 'dispassionate' research to militancy.

Esportes na natureza e deficiencia visual : uma abordagem pedagogica

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

A cave population of Isbrueckerichthys alipionis (Gosline, 1947) in the Upper Ribeira karst area, southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

A cave population of the armored catfish Isbrueckerichthys alipionis is reported from the Santana Cave, in the rio Betari watershed, Upper Ribeira karst area, Iporanga, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. The cave population was compared to an epigean population of I. alipionis and no significant differences where found in morphology or degree of pigmentation. As the cave population is known for at least 30 years and is apparently isolated from epigean streams, it is classified as troglophilic. The discovery of this troglophilic species in the Santana Cave is an additional strong argument for the conservation of that cave.

Promoção da saúde: elemento instituinte?

O artigo inclui na discussão sobre os resultados da promoção da saúde um argumento de natureza epistemológica, levando em consideração o contexto contemporâneo de mudanças econômicas, políticas e culturais do qual ela é parte e expressão. Destacam-se, por um lado, as suspeitas que recaem sobre o projeto da Modernidade, sejam elas decorrentes do crescimento das incertezas ou da irrealização de promessas e, por outro lado, as tentativas de equacionamento do binômio determinação/autonomia, como questões sensíveis a uma ruptura dos modos de conhecer na contemporaneidade. Propõe-se considerar a dinâmica social e abordá-la como a união e a tensão da história feita e da história se fazendo, para melhor compreender o alcance e os resultados da promoção da saúde. A conclusão é que a promoção da saúde deve continuar buscando o desenvolvimento de ações cada vez mais efetivas, mas deve fazê-lo sem abdicar da possibilidade de manter-se próxima da energia social livre e em ebulição, que caracteriza o elemento instituinte de uma produção histórica.