Philip Cowen papers undated, 1873-1935

Contains primarily correspondence and published material in English, German and Russian relating to anti-Semitism in Russia and Roumania, the Russian passport question, loans from Jewish bankers to the Russian government and immigration from Eastern Europe, especially Russia, to the United States. Includes also correspondence concerning Jewish welfare institutions and agricultural colonies in the United States and the National Farm School in Doylestown, Pa. Also contains correspondence relating to and drafts of articles for the American Hebrew, particularly the Emma Lazarus memorial number, and correspondence relating to the publication of the Jewish encyclopedia and to survey on anti-Semitism conducted in 1890, as well as information on the Jews in China and material relating to Count Arthur Cherep-Spiridovich.

Seixas family papers, undated, 1746-1911, 1926, 1939.

The collection contains items relating to individual members of the family as well as the Seixas family in general. Included are papers of the following persons: Isaac Mendes Seixas (1708/9-1780/1), a copy of A voyage to Hudson's--Bay, by Henry Ellis, inscribed with his name on the title page, along with additional inscriptions on the end papers (1748); and a daily prayer book printed in Amsterdam (title page missing), with an inscription on the first page indicating that the book was owned by Seixas in 1758/9, and subsequently by his grandson, Theodore J. Seixas, in 1816/17.

Franks family papers, 1711-1821, [1965-1968].

Contains business correspondence, accounts and documents relating to Jacob Franks of New York, his two sons, Moses and David, a nephew, Isaac, and a John Franks of Halifax, possibly a member of the family.

Philip Slomovitz papers, undated, 1933-1966.

Contains correspondence as editor of the Detroit Jewish chronicle and of The Jewish news. Of special interest is the correspondence with members of the U.S. Congress relating to aid to Israel, material relating to the boycott of Viceroy cigarettes, the question of the Jewish descent of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and the dictionary definition of "Jew."

Philip Slomovitz South End collection 1969-1974

Contains 1969 and 1971-73 issues of The South End, Wayne State University student paper, as well as correspondence, public statements, petitions and a tape-recording relating to controversies generated by the printing of alleged anti-Zionist/anti-Semitic articles in the newspaper. The correspondence consists for the most part of an exchange of letters between university officials, Jewish community leaders and Leonard N. Simons, a Detroit advertising executive, during the 1969 controversy, and correspondence with Philip Slomovitz, editor of the Detroit Jewish news, in 1972-73. The tape recording is of a February 2, 1969 interview with John Watson, editor of the South end.

Optical Barker codes

Certain binary codes having good autocorrelation properties akin to Barker codes are studied.

Systematic search for optical Barker codes with minimum length

A method that yields optical Barker codes of smallest known lengths for given discrimination is described.

Letter regarding prohibition of Philip J. Joachimsen from receiving mitzvah

Digital image

Optical Barker codes

Certain binary codes having good autocorrelation properties akin to Barker codes are studied.

Christianity and Christian Identity in the Gospel of Philip (NHC II,3)

Previous scholarship has often maintained that the Gospel of Philip is a collection of Valentinian teachings. In the present study, however, the text is read as a whole and placed into a broader context by searching for parallels from other early Christian texts. Although the Valentinian Christian identity of the Gospel of Philip is not questioned, it is read alongside those texts traditionally labelled as "mainstream Christian". It is obvious from the account of Irenaeus that the boundaries between the Valentinians and other Christians were not as clear or fixed as he probably would have hoped. This study analyzes the Valentinian Christian Gospel of Philip from two points of view: how the text constructs the Christian identity and what kind of Christianity it exemplifies. Firstly, it is observed how the author of the Gospel of Philip places himself and his Christian readers among the early Christianities of the period by emphasizing the common history and Christian features but building especially on particular texts and traditions. Secondly, it is noted how the Christian nature of an individual develops according to the Gospel of Philip. The identity of an individual is built and strengthened through rituals, experiences and teaching. Thirdly, the categorizations, attributes, beliefs and behaviour associated on the one hand with the "insiders", the true Christians, and, on the other, with outsiders in the Gospel of Philip, are analyzed using social identity theory the insiders and outsiders are described through stereotyping in the text. Overall, the study implies that the Gospel of Philip strongly emphasizes spiritual progress and transformation. Rather than depicting the Valentinians as the perfect Christians, it underlines their need for constant change and improvement. Although the author seeks to clearly distinguish the insiders from the outsiders, the boundaries of the categories are in fact fluid in the Gospel of Philip. Outsiders can become insiders and the insiders are also in danger of falling out again.

Optical Barker sequences and self-orthogonal convolutional codes

The relation between optical Barker codes and self-orthogonal convolutional codes is pointed out. It is then used to update the results in earlier publication.

Edge of Danger: electric light and the negotiation of public and private domestic space in Philip Johnson's Glass and Guest House

In the first half of the twentieth century the dematerializing of boundaries between enclosure and exposure problematized traditional expectations of the domestic environment. At the same time, as a space of escalating technological control, the modern domestic interior also offered new potential to redefine the meaning and means of habitation. The inherent tension between these opposing forces is particularly evident in the introduction of new electric lighting technology and applications into the modern domestic interior in the mid-twentieth century. Addressing this nexus of technology and domestic psychology, this article examines the critical role of electric lighting in regulating and framing both the public and private occupation of Philip Johnson's New Canaan estate. Exploring the dialectically paired transparent Glass House and opaque Guest House, this study illustrates how Johnson employed electric light to negotiate the visual environment of the estate as well as to help sustain a highly aestheticized domestic lifestyle. Contextualized within the existing literature, this analysis provides a more nuanced understanding of the New Canaan estate as an expression of Johnson's interests as a designer as well as a subversion of traditional suburban conventions.

The Edge of Danger: artificial lighting and the dialectics of domestic occupation in Philip Johnson's Glass and Guest Houses

In the first half of the twentieth century the dematerializing of boundaries between enclosure and exposure problematized traditional acts of “occupation” and understandings of the domestic environment. As a space of escalating technological control, the modern domestic interior offered new potential to re-define the meaning and means of habitation. This shift is clearly expressed in the transformation of electric lighting technology and applications for the modern interior in the mid-twentieth century. Addressing these issues, this paper examines the critical role of electric lighting in regulating and framing both the public and private occupation of Philip Johnson’s New Canaan estate. Exploring the dialectically paired transparent Glass House and opaque Guest House (both 1949), this study illustrates how Johnson employed artificial light to control the visual environment of the estate as well as to aestheticize the performance of domestic space. Looking closely at the use of artificial light to create emotive effects as well as to intensify the experience of occupation, this revisiting of the iconic Glass House and lesser-known Guest House provides a more complex understanding of Johnson’s work and the means with which he inhabited his own architecture. Calling attention to the importance of Johnson serving as both architect and client, and his particular interest in exploring the new potential of architectural lighting in this period, this paper investigates Johnson’s use of electric light to support architectural narratives, maintain visual order and control, and to suit the nuanced desires of domestic occupation.

Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state constants for N2O4 ⇄ 2NO2,NO,and O2

Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state constants for NO, O2, and the equilibrium mixture N2O4 ⇄ 2NO2 are reported.

Emergenssi tieteessä ja teologiassa : Huomioita Philip Claytonin emergenssiteoriasta

Tässä työssä tarkastellaan emergenssiä luonnontieteellisenä, metafyysisenä ja teologisena käsitteenä, ja erityisesti Philip Claytonin emergenssiteoriaa. Tutkimuskohteena on Philip Claytonin kirja Mind and Emergence From Quantum to Consciousness ja tutkimusmetodina käsitteellinen analyysi. Kun emergenssiä tarkastellaan metafyysisenä teoriana, se on mahdollista nähdä fysikalismille ja dualismille vaihtoehtoisena filosofisena katsantokantana todellisuuteen. Fysikalismi on havaittavaa todellisuutta koskeva näkemys, jonka mukaan kaikki ilmiöt ovat lopulta palautettavissa fysiikkaan ja selitettävissä fysiikan käsittein. Dualismi taas on näkemys, että erityisesti ihmisen mieli ja tietoisuus ovat jotain fysikaaliseen maailmaan nähden täysin erilaista ja siitä riippumatonta. Emergenssiteoriassa maailman nähdään kehittyvänä kokonaisuutena, jossa kompleksisuuden kasvun myötä syntyy jatkuvasti uusia ominaisuuksia. Nämä ominaisuudet eivät ole palautettavissa niihin rakenteisiin, joiden pohjalta ne ovat syntyneet. Niiden syntymistä ei ole mahdollista luonnontieteellisin tai muinkaan menetelmin ennakoida. Emergenssin heikossa muodossa tämä ennakoimattomuus on vain episteeminen, tiedon mahdollisuuksiin liittyvä rajoitus, ja kausaalisia vaikutuksia esiintyy ainoastaan fysikaalisten objektien tasolla. Metafyysinen teoria edellyttää kuitenkin vahvaa emergenssiä, jossa syntyvillä ominaisuuksilla on fysikaalisesta perustastaan riippumatonta kausaalista vaikutusta. Tätä kutsutaan alaspäin -kausaalisuudeksi. Käsitys todellisuudesta on monistinen ja holistinen. Kaikki olemassa oleva on kehittynyt samasta aineksesta, mutta ei ole palautettavissa siihen. Maailmassa on ontologisesti toisistaan poikkeavia todellisuuden tasoja. Todellisuus on enemmän kuin osiensa summa. Emergenssille on tarjottu myös teologisia sovelluksia. Kun fysikalismissa uskonnolliselle uskolle ei jää tilaa ja dualismi on luonnontieteen näkökulmasta ongelmallinen, emergenssistä on etsitty filosofista viitekehystä, jossa luonnontiede ja uskonto olisivat sovitettavissa yhteen. Ensimmäisessä luvussa käsitellään fysikalismia ja dualismia ja erityisesti filosofista ja luonnontieteellistä kritiikkiä, jota niitä vastaan voidaan esittää. Toisessa luvussa tarkastellaan erilaisia mahdollisuuksia määritellä emergenssin käsite ja esitellään erityisesti Philip Claytonin käsityksiä heikosta ja vahvasta emergenssistä, emergenssistä luonnontieteissä sekä ihmismielestä fysikaaliseen maailmaan nähden emergenttinä ilmiönä. Emergenssi mainitaan monien sellaisten ilmiöiden yhteydessä, joita on pyritty tutkimaan kaaosteorian ja kompleksisuuden tutkimuksen keinoin. Työn kolmannessa luvussa pyritään antamaan kuva emergenssin suhteesta näihin teorioihin ja ylipäätään moderniin fysiikkaan. Philip Clayton on luonut emergenssiteorian pohjalta myös teologisen teorian, jossa käsitys Jumalasta luojana ja Jumalan vaikutus maailmassa pyritään sovittamaan yhteen emergentin todellisuuskäsityksen kanssa. Tätä teologista teoriaa esitellään ja arvioidaan työn neljännessä luvussa.