Analyse comparative des conceptions de l’enfant et des institutions de l’adoption dans le monde arabo-musulman et en Occident : une réconciliation est-elle possible?

Ce mémoire traite du droit de l’adoption dans une perspective comparative entre régimes arabo-musulman, français et québécois. Dans un premier temps est abordée la place de l’enfant dans l’Islam : de sa conception au sein de la famille musulmane à l’ensemble de ses droits selon le droit religieux. Ce tour d’horizon permet d’aborder l’épineux problème de l’interdiction de l’adoption par le Coran et les alternatives qui ont été développées pour y remédier, plus particulièrement la kafala. La kafala sera expliquée et située dans l’ordre public international, puis examinée au regard de quatre législations arabes : le Maroc, la Tunisie, l’Algérie et le Liban. Dans un deuxième temps, la question sera examinée d’un point de vue occidental. Il y sera analysé la possibilité et les difficultés entourant l’application des règles musulmanes de statut personnel en France et au Québec. Finalement sera abordé l’accueil que ces deux sociétés ont réservé à la kafala dans leur système respectif.

Incidencia de la política minero-energética sobre la tenencia de la tierra en el Caquetá (2002-2014)

El presente estudio de caso parte analizando el proceso de ocupación y despojo de la tierra en el Caquetá, con el objetivo de mostrar las formas de usurpación histórica legales e ilegales, que han dado paso a la consolidación de una estructura de poder desigual y violento. Sobre este escenario inequitativo y violento se pone de manifiesto como la puesta en marcha de la política minero-energética es el resultado de un proceso de negociación entre empresas y gobernantes, que tiene por objetivo vaciar los territorios para recrear nuevos espacios sobre los cuales sea posible reproducir la dinámica de acumulación capitalista, ahondando de paso, las desigualdades, la marginación de la población campesina y la violencia en los territorios en donde se posa dicha estrategia. Este análisis se enmarca, principalmente, en la perspectiva de Saskia Sassen sobre el Estado Corporativo y la perspectiva de David Harvey sobre las nuevas formas del capitalismo.

Guerra e identidade: um estudo da marcialidade no Heimskringla

The goal of our dissertation is to study how the Scandinavian writings produced a Norwegian identity of warlike ideals in a compilation of Icelandic sagas known as Heimskringla and has parts of its content focused on storytelling about a troubled time of Scandinavian monarchies rising between the 8th and 11th centuries, which is called the Viking Age. The Heimskringla, also known as The Circle of the World is a set of writings based on Icelandic oral memory about the Norwegian kings and the conception of a Norwegian territory. While we investigated the relationship between the members of royalty, their companions and the Scandinavian people, we delineate the relationship between memory, identity and war. Our study points out how the Scandinavian war produces, in its storytelling, proper spaces, in socio-political relations among the participants, in the organization of its conflicts or the location of war activities, where places are transformed into essential points in these narratives. The war is both a place of identity statements and a space of practices, necessary for the strengthening of royal power

Maracatu em São Paulo: expressões artísticas e culturais de Lokan Oba - Maracatu Nação

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Conflitos proféticos: a posição da profecia no campo religioso judaíta do século VIII a.C

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Lívio e os reis romanos: a defesa de uma identidade Romana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uma leitura de Alberto Torres: construção de um projeto e sua apropriação político-intelectual

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Nos passos dos congos

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

O regimento do corpo em Portugal no século XV

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Effetti degli accordi Euro-Mediterrani sul comparto dell'ortofrutta fresca

In 1995, the European Union (EU) Member States and 12 Mediterranean countries launched in Barcelona a liberalization process that aims at establishing a free trade area (to be realized by 2010) and at promoting a sustainable and balanced economic development by the adoption of a new generation of Agreements: the Euro-Mediterranean Agreements (EMA). For the Mediterranean partner countries, the main concern is a better access for their fruit and vegetable exports to the European market. These products represent the main exports of these countries, and the EU is their first trading partner. On the other side, for the EU the main issue is not only the promotion of its products, but also the protection of its fruit and vegetables producers. Moreover, the trade with third countries is the key element of the Common Market Organization of the sector. Fruit and vegetables represent a very sensitive sector since their high seasonality, high perishability, and especially since the production of the Mediterranean countries is often similar to the European Mediterranean’s countries one. In fact, the agreements define preferences at the entrance of the EU market providing limited concessions for each partner, for specific products, limited quantities and calendars. This research tries to analyze the bilateral trade volume for fresh fruit and vegetables in the European and Italian markets in order to assess the effects of Mediterranean liberalization on this sector. Free trade of agricultural products represents a very actual topic in international trade and the Mediterranean countries, recognised as big producers of fruit and vegetables, as big exporters of their crops and actually significantly present on the European market, could be high competitors with the inward production because the outlet could be the same. The goal of this study is to provide some considerations about the competitiveness of mediterranean fruit and vegetables productions after Barcelona Process, in a first step for the European market and then also for the Italian one. The aim is to discuss the influence of the euro-mediterranean agreements on the fruit and vegetables trade between 10 foreign Mediterranean countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, Syria, and Turkey) and 15 EU countries in the period 1995-2007, by means of a gravity model, which is a widespread methodology in international trade analysis. The basic idea of gravity models is that bilateral trade from one country to another (as the dependent variable) can be explained by a set of factors: - factors that capture the potential of a country to export goods and services; - factors that capture the propensity of a country to imports goods and services; - any other forces that either attract or inhibit bilateral trade. This analysis compares only imports’ flows by Europe and by Italy (in volumes) from Mediterranean countries, since the exports’ flows toward those foreign countries are not significant, especially for Italy. The market of fruit and vegetables appears as a high heterogeneous group so it is very difficult to show a synthesis of the analysis performed and the related results. In fact, this sector includes the so called “poor products” (such as potatoes and legumes), and the “rich product”, such as nuts or exotic fruit, and there are a lot of different goods that arouse a dissimilar consumer demand which directly influence the import requirements. Fruit and vegetables sector includes products with extremely different biological cycles, leading to a very unlike seasonality. Moreover, the Mediterranean area appears as a highly heterogeneous bloc, including countries which differ from the others for economic size, production potential, capability to export and for the relationships with the EU. The econometric estimation includes 68 analyses, 34 of which considering the European import and 34 the Italian import and the products are examined in their aggregated form and in their disaggregated level. The analysis obtains a very high R2 coefficient, which means that the methodology is able to assess the import effects on fruit and vegetables associated to the Association Agreements, preferential tariffs, regional integration, and others information involved in the equation. The empirical analysis suggests that fruits and vegetables trade flows are well explained by some parameters: size of the involved countries (especially GDP and population of the Mediterranean countries); distances; prices of imported products; local production for the aggregated products; preferential expressed tariffs like duty free; sub-regional agreements that enforce the export capability. The euro-mediterranean agreements are significant in some of the performed analysis, confirming the slow and gradual evolution of euro- Mediterranean liberalization. The euro-mediterranean liberalization provides opportunities from one side, and imposes a new important challenge from the other side. For the EU the chance is that fruit and vegetables imported from the mediterranean area represent a support for local supply and a possibility to increase the range of products existing on the market. The challenge regards the competition of foreign products with the local ones since the types of productions are similar and markets coincide, especially in the Italian issue. We need to apply a strategy based not on a trade antagonism, but on the realization of a common plane market with the Mediterranean countries. This goal could be achieved enhancing the industrial cooperation in addition to commercial relationships, and increasing investments’ flows in the Mediterranean countries aiming at transforming those countries from potential competitors to trade partners and creating new commercial policies to export towards extra European countries.

Sea Level Variations from Decades to Millennia: A few Case Studies

The main goals of this Ph.D. study are to investigate the regional and global geophysical components related to present polar ice melting and to provide independent cross validation checks of GIA models using both geophysical data detected by satellite mission, and geological observations from far field sites, in order to determine a lower and upper bound of uncertainty of GIA effect. The subject of this Thesis is the sea level change from decades to millennia scale. Within ice2sea collaboration, we developed a Fortran numerical code to analyze the local short-term sea level change and vertical deformation resulting from the loss of ice mass. This method is used to investigate polar regions: Greenland and Antarctica. We have used mass balance based on ICESat data for Greenland ice sheet and a plausible mass balance for Antarctic ice sheet. We have determined the regional and global fingerprint of sea level variations, vertical deformations of the solid surface of the Earth and variations of shape of the geoid for each ice source mentioned above. The coastal areas are affected by the long wavelength component of GIA process. Hence understanding the response of the Earth to loading is crucial in various contexts. Based on the hypothesis that Earth mantle materials obey to a linear rheology, and that the physical parameters of this rheology can be only characterized by their depth dependence, we investigate the Glacial Isostatic Effect upon the far field sites of Mediterranean area using an improved SELEN program. We presented new and revised observations for archaeological fish tanks located along the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coast of Italy and new RSL for the SE Tunisia. Spatial and temporal variations of the Holocene sea levels studied in central Italy and Tunisia, provided important constraints on the melting history of the major ice sheets.

Il vocabolario del potere fra intento etico-morale e tutela sociale. I lemmi dei Capitolari Carolingi nel Regnum Italicum (774-813)

Il vocabolario del potere fra intento etico-morale e tutela sociale. I lemmi dei Capitolari Carolingi nel Regnum Italicum (774-813), costituisce il risultato di una ricerca condotta sul lessico della legislazione carolingia promulgata per il Regno Italico dal momento della conquista dei Franchi sino alla morte di Carlomagno. L’analisi ha preso in esame tutti i lemmi, soprattutto sostantivi e aggettivi, riconducibili alla sfera etica e morale, e alla concezione della libertà della persona. Il lavoro si è giovato delle analisi più specifiche in merito ai concetti giuridico-istituzionali che fonti normative come quelle prese in esame portano inevitabilmente in primo piano. La ricerca, partita da una completa catalogazione dei lemmi, si è concentrata su quelli che maggiormente consentissero di valutare le interazioni fra la corte intellettuale dei primi carolingi – formata come noto da uomini di chiesa – e le caratteristiche di pensiero di quegli uomini, un pensiero sociale e istituzionale insieme. Il lavoro ha analizzato un lessico specifico per indagare come la concezione tradizionale della societas Christiana si esprimesse nella legislazione attraverso lemmi ed espressioni formulari peculiari: la scelta di questi da parte del Rex e della sua cerchia avrebbe indicato alla collettività una pacifica convivenza e definito contestualmente “l’intento ordinatore e pacificatore” del sovrano. L’analisi è stata condotta su un periodo breve ma assai significativo – un momento di frattura politica importante – per cogliere, proprio sfruttando la sovrapposizione e talvolta lo scontro fra i diversi usi di cancelleria del regno longobardo prima e carolingio poi, la volontarietà o meno da parte dei sovrani nell’uso di un lessico specifico. Questo diventa il problema centrale della tesi: tale lessico impone con la sua continuità d’uso modelli politici o invece è proprio un uso consapevole e strumentale di un determinato apparato lessicale che intende imporre alla società nuovi modelli di convivenza?

La vita culturale ebraica a Candia nei secoli XIV-XVI: l'impatto dell'immigrazione sulla cultura della comunità locale

La tesi ha per oggetto la cultura ebraica cretese nei secoli XIV-XVI e, in particolare, l’influsso esercitato su di essa dalla cultura e dalle tradizioni degli ebrei sefarditi e ashkenaziti che cominciarono a stabilirsi sull’isola a partire dalla metà del Trecento. La tesi si basa da un lato su fonti amministrative e notarili e, dall’altro, sui manoscritti ebraici prodotti o portati a Candia nel periodo considerato. Il primo capitolo tratta della comunità ebraica nel primo Cinquecento e porta nuove notizie a proposito della geografia della zudeca, delle sue sinagoghe, della sua composizione sociale, dell’entità della sua popolazione e della biografia del principale leader spirituale e culturale attivo a Candia a quell’epoca: Elia Capsali. Il secondo capitolo offre una panoramica sull’immigrazione ebraica a Candia nei secoli XIV-XV. Il terzo capitolo esplora alcune particolarità della liturgia sinagogale elaborata dagli ebrei candioti sotto l’influsso della tradizione ashkenazita. Il quarto capitolo tratta di due liste di libri databili alla seconda metà del Quattrocento (Bologna, Biblioteca Universitaria, ms. 3574 B) e suggerisce di considerarle come indicative del peso che ebbero alcuni immigrati ebrei catalani nella diffusione della cultura medica sefardita a Candia. Il quinto capitolo è dedicato al medico, filosofo e astronomo Mosheh ben Yehudah Galiano, il quale visse a Candia tra la seconda metà degli anni Venti del Cinquecento e il 1543. L’ultimo capitolo tratta degli effetti provocati dall’epidemia di peste del 1592-95 all’interno della zudeca di Candia.

Franciszek Maczynski: a Monograph

Franciszek Maczynski was one of the best Polish architects of the early 20th century and Solewski used a wide range of materials to complete a bibliography of Maczynski's architectural, artistic and theoretical works, and a biography of the architect. From his analysis of the material collected, he concluded that Maczynski was a romantic architect, influenced by a vision to seek the essential Truth in historical patterns or artistic creativity. This determined his search for the ideal form and style in architecture, connecting 'national' and historical inspiration, the vernacular 'Zakopane Style', Gesamtkunstwek and modernistic severity. However, Maczynski worked closely with Tadeusz Stryjenski, his most important patron, who also used the 'beginner's' artistic talents, while he, as the 'boss', decided on commissions and profits. This experience led to Maczynski's involvement in the Spojnia partnership, creating simple engineering architecture and successfully locating wealthy investors. It was the liberal idea of establishing a building firm to make profits that turned Maczynski into a regular builder and entrepreneur, abandoning the romantic idea of 'artistic' or 'national' architecture. The transformation from artist to entrepreneur indeed reflected the opposition of romantic-liberal.