La technologie a-t-elle un sexe?

Si la technologie fait aujourd'hui pleinement partie de notre quotidien au point de prolonger nos organes des sens, l'histoire nous rappelle que son apparition à l'ère moderne n'est pas allée sans débats, controverses et résistances. Technophobes et technophiles s'affrontent régulièrement à l'avènement d'une technique ou d'un média responsable de bouleverser notre perception du monde et nos repères cognitifs. Or, les affrontements sur la nécessité du progrès social reposent systématiquement sur un socle idéologique qui confère une lecture genrée des rapports entre nature et culture. En étudiant les discours, les pratiques et les représentations qui accompagnent l'arrivée d'un artefact, on s'avise en effet que la technologie est très souvent appréhendée en termes sexués, qu'elle soit référée à la féminité ou, plus rarement, à la masculinité. Partant de ce constat, nous proposons de parcourir une série d'exemples qui cristallisent cette association implicite entre technique et genre, tels le train, le cinéma, la télévision, la haute fidélité (hi-fi) audio et le téléphone portable.

Prescription in the proposal for a common european sales law

The rules on prescription in Part VIII, Chapter 18, of the Proposal for a Common European Sales Law (CESL) follow the provisions of the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL) and the Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR), which, in general, have deserved favourable comments. Yet, a number of rules contained in those texts have been omitted. It is necessary to ascertain whether the CESL rules only apply to provisions on rights and claims resulting from sales or related services contracts, or whether they are also applicable to any other contractual right or claim and also to rights or claims of non-contractual origin. One of the most problematic issues concerns general prescription periods: firstly, because there are two general periods, a short one and a long one, without any specification about the claims or rights covered by each one of them; secondly, because neither period is suitable in case of non-conformity. There are also some interpretation problems due to missing, ambiguous or defective definitions. The systematic approach demands clarification too.

Branding and Marketing Communications of Lifestyle Prescription Drugs in a Strict Legislative Environment

This thesis discusses the different possibilities to brand and promote a patented prescription lifestyle drug through different marketing communications practices. This thesis aims in explaining how branding procedures can be built in circumstances, where the legislative environment is strickt and furthermore, the environment consists of both B-to-B and B-to-C market characteristics simultaneously.

The corporate bias and the molding of prescription practices: the case of hypertension

Drug management of hypertension has been a noticeable example of the influence of the pharmaceutical industry on prescription practices. The worldwide leading brands of blood pressure-lowering agents are angiotensin receptor-blocking agents, although they are considered to be simply substitutes of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Commercial strategies have been based on the results of clinical trials sponsored by drug companies. Most of them presented distortions in their planning, presentation or interpretation that favored the drugs from the sponsor, i.e., corporate bias. Atenolol, an ineffective blood pressure agent in elderly individuals, was the comparator drug in several trials. In a re-analysis of the INSIGHT trial, deaths appeared to have been counted twice. The LIFE trial appears in the title of more than 120 reproductions of the main and flawed trial, as a massive strategy of scientific marketing. Most guidelines have incorporated the corporate bias from the original studies, and the evidence from better designed studies, such as the ALLHAT trial, have been largely ignored. In trials published recently corporate influences have touched on ethical limits. In the ADVANCE trial, elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease or risk factors, allocated to placebo, were not allowed to use diuretic and full doses of an ACE inhibitor, despite the sound evidence of benefit demonstrated in previous trials. As a consequence, they had a 14% higher mortality rate than the participants allocated to the active treatment arm. This reality should be modified immediately, and a greater independence of the academy from the pharmaceutical industry is necessary.

Adoption and Usability of Online Pharmacies for Purchasing Prescription Medicines

The study examines customers’ perceptions of purchasing prescription medicine from online pharmacies. The main purpose is to find determinants affecting the adoption of online pharmacies, and to consider the role of usability in the adoption process. The theoretical part of the paper provides the overlook on adoption constructs and their relations. In addition, usability factors used in prior studies are presented, as well as how they have been connected to IS adoption research. The specialties of Finnish pharmacy business and the requirements set to online pharmacies are also discussed. The empirical part of the study is conducted with the qualitative approach. Four respondents were interviewed and observed while they tried online pharmacies. The data gathered indicates respondents’ initial beliefs toward the service, perceptions of the usability, and the changes in the perceptions and beliefs after using online pharmacies. The results indicate that usability factors and adoption determinants are interrelated. Usability influences perceived ease of use, which affects both perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. Regulations restrict the design of online pharmacies, which has affect on the both the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and thus the whole adoption process.

A. C. Thorburn Prescription Ledger

The gift plate in the front of the book indicates that the book is from Walker’s Drug Store, Niagara Falls, Ontario. Walker’s Drug Company was founded in 1925 by Ivan T. Walker. The dates of this book indicate that it is more likely to have come from A.C. Thorburn, Chemist and Druggist. A.C. Thorburn purchased Smith’s Pharmacy and Pursel and Company Dry Goods Store at the corner of Main Street and Lundy’s Lane in Niagara Falls, Ontario. In 1900, Pursel moved out and Thorburn’s Drug Store came into being. Ivan T. Walker, founder of Walker’s Drugs was employed by Thorburn Drugs in his teen years. The local doctors whose prescriptions are in the book include: J. H. McGarry; F.W.E. Wilson; C. F. Abraham; W.E. Olmsted; W.W. Thompson; Dr. Robb, dentist; Horace R. Elliot, physician and surgeon and Dr. Sutherland, eye, ear nose and throat specialist

La technologie « OpenURL » : vers une intégration accrue des ressources et services documentaires

Conférence-midi prononcée à la Direction des bibliothèques le 13 février 2003.

La technologie « OpenURL » : vers une intégration accrue des ressources et services documentaires

Cet article a pour but de démystifier la notion de OpenURL, un terme de plus en plus présent dans le domaine de l'information, à l'aide de concepts théoriques mais surtout grâce à une description pratique de sa mise en place et de sa capacité d'action. Une courte introduction sur le concept d'arrimage dans les ressources documentaires donnera le ton pour un bref survol de la naissance du concept OpenURL suivi d'une explication concrète de son fonctionnement lorsque utilisé dans le processus de recherche documentaire. Pour les usagers, la force de cette technologie réside dans le fait qu'elle permet, lorsque possible, un accès direct et transparent aux ressources électroniques tout en offrant des options supplémentaires des plus pertinentes. De façon pragmatique, l'usager pourra dorénavant chercher une référence bibliographique dans une base de données et accéder directement au plein texte de l'article repéré si son institution y est abonné ou sinon, être redirigé ailleurs, vers le formulaire institutionnel de prêt en bibliothèques entre autres. On constatera que cette toute nouvelle norme, qui n'en est qu'à ses débuts, offre des avantages certains dans le milieu des bibliothèques de recherche.

Droit civil expliqué : de la prescription ou commentaire du titre XX du livre III du code Napoleón

UANL

Prescription channeling of COX-2 inhibitors and traditional nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a population-based case–control study

Affiliation: Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal