514 resultados para Mestizo chronicles


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The work in Sepulchre (2015) came from my research into female ritual practices and my fascination with specific mythological and historical narratives. These themes were explored during a month-long Summer Residency at Boxcopy Contemporary Artspace. Of particular note were the chronicles and rituals from the terrain around the Adriatic Sea, including Greece and Italy. During the residency, I kept referring to specific mythological texts, which had women as the main protagonists. I kept returning to female characters whose representation was framed by aspects of their sexuality. When looking at these women together, they seemed to sit within a greater narrative archetype, a communal dialogue of shared characteristics, repetitious narrative components and mutual landscapes. Sepulchre became my attempt to develop a conversation between these women by drawing from their commonality, and reimagining these collective elements into sculptural objects and moving images. The video explores an apotropaic gesture, a Baubo-style ‘flashing’. A glass star chart rests on white cliffs, speaking to the narrative of Andromeda and her position as both a celestial and terrene landscape. Another object, a wall mounted copper light burst, pays homage to the framing device used by Gian Lorenzo Bernini in The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. By reconciling these dialogues, I was interested in exploring expanded portrayals of female sexuality and depictions of subversive and authorial femininity, developed through connotations with mysticism, ritual practice and women’s knowledge.

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Territoriality is a central issue in indigenous peoples struggles. The territorial struggles involve struggles over the control of natural resources and over political participation and representation, but also over the perception of territorial rights and the symbolic representation of the territory. These struggles are carried through both in material and symbolic ways through recurring to different discourses and representations that provide legitimation for the territorial claims of the group. The study is located in the Northern Autonomous Atlantic Region of Nicaragua. The study concerns the territorial strategies, conceptions and practices of the indigenous people and other actors. Territorial conflicts exist between the autonomous region and the central government of Nicaragua, between mestizo settlers and indigenous people, between different indigenous groups, and between these and development agents such as conservation projects. The study focuses on how territorial discourses and representations are used to legitimate territorial control. Environmental, historical and cartographical discourses are the most important discourses recurred to. The influence of discourses and representations on the territorial practices and policies of the different actors, the links between the local struggles and global processes, and the broader structural factors impacting on the territorial struggles are also analysed. Among the structural factors are the problems related to land tenure and management and the use of natural resources, the advance of the agricultural frontier, the institutional weaknesses of the central and regional governments and the legislative processes. The territorial discourses are both recurred to in a strategic way and also grounded in local ideals and practices. The discourses have produced real effects for example in legislation, land tenure systems, political representation and environmental practices. Although the use of discourses and representations are an important power tool in territorial struggles, territorial control cannot be effectively accomplished merely through representing territorial claims in a legitimate way or through reforming legislation, as the conflicts are also largely a result of structural factors affecting the region. The fieldwork was carried out during a total of twelve months between 2000 and 2002. The research methods used were semi-structured interviews, participant observation and participatory research methods. A broad range of literary sources were also used to collect data. The study is located within the field of critical political geography with a discursive political ecology approach. It can be called a critical realist approach to the discursive analysis of indigenous territoriality.

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In Aztec mythology and religion, Xipe Totec ("our lord the flayed one") was a life-death-rebirth deity, god of agriculture, vegetation, the east, disease, spring, goldsmiths, silversmiths and the seasons. The music used for his worship has been described by a diversity of documents (carved stones, depicted codices, and chronicles made by the first European friars arrived to Mexico). This article explores the symbolic content of these descriptions, especially in association with Xochipilli Macuilxochitl, master of music and poetry.

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The dissertation examines aspects of asymmetrical warfare in the war-making of the German military entrepreneur Ernst von Mansfeld during his involvement in the Thirty Years War. Due to the nature of the inquiry, which combines history with military-political theory, the methodological approach of the dissertation is interdisciplinary. The theoretical framework used is that of asymmetrical warfare. The primary sources used in the dissertation are mostly political pamphlets and newsletters. Other sources include letters, documents, and contemporaneous chronicles. The secondary sources are divided into two categories, literature on the history of the Thirty Years War and textbooks covering the theory of asymmetrical warfare. The first category includes biographical works on Ernst von Mansfeld, as well as general histories of the Thirty Years War and seventeenth-century warfare. The second category combines military theory and political science. The structure of the dissertation consists of eight lead chapters, including an introduction and conclusion. The introduction covers the theoretical approach and aims of the dissertation, and provides a brief overlook of the sources and previous research on Ernst von Mansfeld and asymmetrical warfare in the Thirty Years War. The second chapter covers aspects of Mansfeld s asymmetrical warfare from the perspective of operational art. The third chapter investigates the illegal and immoral aspects of Mansfeld s war-making. The fourth chapter compares the differing methods by which Mansfeld and his enemies raised and financed their armies. The fifth chapter investigates Mansfeld s involvement in indirect warfare. The sixth chapter presents Mansfeld as an object and an agent of image and information war. The seventh chapter looks into the counter-reactions, which Mansfeld s asymmetrical warfare provoked from his enemies. The eighth chapter offers a conclusion of the findings. The dissertation argues that asymmetrical warfare presented itself in all the aforementioned areas of Mansfeld s conduct during the Thirty Years War. The operational asymmetry arose from the freedom of movement that Mansfeld enjoyed, while his enemies were constrained by the limits of positional warfare. As a non-state operator Mansfeld was also free to flout the rules of seventeenth-century warfare, which his enemies could not do with equal ease. The raising and financing of military forces was another source of asymmetry, because the nature of early seventeenth-century warfare favoured private military entrepreneurs rather than embryonic fiscal-military states. The dissertation also argues that other powers fought their own asymmetrical and indirect wars against the Habsburgs through Mansfeld s agency. Image and information were asymmetrical weapons, which were both aimed against Mansfeld and utilized by him. Finally, Mansfeld s asymmetrical threat forced the Habsburgs to adapt to his methods, which ultimately lead to the formation of a subcontracted Imperial Army under the management and leadership of Albrecht von Wallenstein. Therefore Mansfeld s asymmetrical warfare ultimately paved way for the kind of state-monopolized, organised, and symmetrical warfare that has prevailed from 1648 onwards. The conclusion is that Mansfeld s conduct in the Thirty Years War matched the criteria for asymmetrical warfare. While traditional historiography treated Mansfeld as an anomaly in the age of European state formation, his asymmetrical warfare has begun to bear resemblance to the contemporary conflicts, where nation states no longer hold the monopoly of violence.

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Resumen: El estudio de la relación entre poesía épica cidiana y prosa historiográfica ha estado enfocado mayormente en el Poema de Mio Cid. Las conclusiones extraídas del análisis de las versiones cronísticas de las hazañas del héroe en su madurez suelen extrapolarse al caso de la leyenda del héroe joven. Aunque los principales estudiosos, desde Menéndez Pidal hasta Diego Catalán, no han dejado de señalar las particularidades de la épica tardía y de la producción cronística postalfonsí, no ha habido, desde la tesis doctoral de Samuel Armistead hace más de medio siglo, un estudio específico del proceso de escritura que conllevó el aprovechamiento historiográfico del cantar de gesta tardío conocido como Mocedades de Rodrigo. El presente trabajo asume esa tarea y pretende formular nuevas hipótesis sobre la vieja cuestión de la relación textual entre el poema conservado y los relatos incluidos en la Crónica de Castilla y la Crónica General de 1344, así como sobre el discutido punto de la prioridad cronológica de estas versiones

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Resumen: El valor estético de la Crónica de tres reyes siempre ha sido puesto en entredicho a raíz de su estilo neutro que contrasta con el de otras obras del género, como ser las crónicas de Alfonso X y las de Pero López de Ayala. El presente trabajo se encarga de estudiar los procedimientos narrativos a través de los cuales algunos de sus personajes son confi gurados en función de asignar a la trama de los acontecimientos un determinado sentido político que se distancia de otras versiones de los hechos que circulaban en el período, como por ejemplo la "Historia hasta 1288 dialogada".

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Resumen: El propósito del trabajo que presentamos a continuación es abordar la violencia como un aspecto de la construcción discursiva del rebelde musulmán y de la rebelión en al-Andalus entre los siglos VIII y X. En las elaboraciones históricas de los confl ictos sociales que marcaron la construcción del Estado omeya, los episodios violentos infl igidos a rebeldes políticos son un lugar común, pero la violencia como práctica también se encuentra presente explícita o implícitamente en el lenguaje utilizado en dichos discursos. De esta manera, nuestro análisis se centrará en aquellas palabras que contengan evaluaciones positivas o negativas de la fi gura del rebelde y de la rebelión en una de las crónicas históricas más tempranas de al-Andalus, el Ta’rīj iftitāh Al-Andalus de Ibn al-Qūtiyya.

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Resumen: A raíz del descubrimiento de un testimonio desconocido perteneciente a la tradición de la Refundición del Sumario del Despensero, en ff. 238v-239v del manuscrito Biblioteca Nacional de España 15530 (BETA manid 4978), la ponencia se propone indagar el procedimiento fragmentario de construcción del objeto historiable en las obras historiográficas del siglo XV conocidas como sumarios de crónicas. Del mismo modo, vincula este fragmento con los hechos narrados en el “Magnicidio de Alfaro” (Crónica de Sancho IV) proponiendo su inclusión dentro del tópico “prendimiento de un grande”, el cual encuentra significativos ejemplos en la cronística medieval española.

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Resumen: El intercambio de culturas con ocasión de la residencia de los nuevos pobladores en tierras americanas, trajo como consecuencia la implantación de diferentes normativas provenientes de la Hispania medieval, pero también un grave desajuste en la aplicación de dichas costumbres para las mujeres, según fuera su estatus social. En ocasiones, indígenas, mestizas y españolas lograron alcanzar posturas flexibles –de parte de las autoridades canónicas y civiles– a la hora de ser multadas o castigadas por la ley; otras veces, su peso caía con todo el rigor sin atender a ningún tipo de diferenciación entre las mujeres.

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Resumen: Los cronistas del siglo XIII se han ocupado principalmente de la actividad política y militar de Fernando III, dejando en penumbra casi todo lo que se refiere a su labor como gobernante. Sin embargo, los diplomas del monarca han informado sobre su actividad legislativa. De estos asuntos nos ocupamos a partir de la documentación y las referencias cronísticas, y además de la bibliografía más reciente, en especial la publicada por E. S. Procter, Julio González, Ana Rodríguez y algunos estudios publicados en el congreso celebrado en 1998 con motivo del 750 aniversario de la conquista de Sevilla.

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Resumen: La muerte de Alfonso X no significó el cese total de la actividad historiográfica castellana, sino más bien su continuación en una diversidad mayor de centros de producción, no necesariamente impulsados por una figura regia. Si bien hoy no existen testimonios de trabajos cronísticos del período que va desde 1284 hasta mediados del siglo XIII en donde se haga referencia a los reinados de Alfonso X, Sancho IV y Fernando IV, tenemos al menos cuatro crónicas distintas que refieren los hechos ocurridos en esos años, cuyas fuentes deberían haberse redactado en el lapso de tiempo mencionado: la Crónica de tres reyes, la Crónica de los reyes de Castilla de Jofré de Loaysa, la *Historia hasta 1288 dialogada, y la versión que transmite el manuscrito 1342 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid (N3) que Catalán llama Historia en décadas. La enorme diferencia que existe entre estas obras vuelve discutible cualquier aseveración que pretenda establecer una relación genealógica entre unas y otras, lo cual nos obliga a pensar en la existencia de una abundante documentación preexistente en la que los autores se habrían basado para redactar textos que ostensiblemente develan, en un trabajo comparativo que el presente trabajo pretende realizar, orientaciones políticas diversas

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Resumen: El trabajo se centra en el análisis de la representación del espacio en tres episodios incluidos en sendas crónicas de mediados del siglo XIV: la “Leyenda de los jueces de Castilla” (tal y como se conserva en el Ms. 431 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid), la “Leyenda del pecho de los fijosdalgo” (según la Primera Crónica General) y el levantamiento de la nobleza en Lerma en 1272 (en la Crónica de Alfonso X). En cada uno de estos episodios la glera de Burgos se constituye en un escenario privilegiado en la confrontación de la nobleza con el rey y contribuye a la configuración de la subjetividad de estos actores sociales en virtud de un particular entrelazamiento de temas históricos y legendarios. El espacio adquiere, así, una nueva significación que lo liga social y políticamente a este estamento convirtiéndose en un emblema con una fuerte carga simbólica.

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Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII: Actas de las IX Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2008, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario de Amadis de Gaula.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as marcas linguísticas que compõem as relações de sentido no que diz respeito ao humor da crônica de Aldir Blanc. A partir da percepção da estrutura da Língua Portuguesa, verificar quais as ações na produção textual da crônica sejam estas morfológicas, gramaticais, lexicais, sintáticas, fonéticas, estilísticas ou semânticas que, ao aliar-se à práxis cotidiana (contexto) oferecida pelos jornais, propiciam o discurso humorístico do autor. Os pressupostos teóricos que corroboram as respectivas demarcações linguísticas terão ênfase no tocante aos aspectos semânticos, com Stephen Ullman, Pierre Guiraud e Edward Lopes. Os traços característicos da crônica, o humor e a ironia como recursos discursivos, a seleção lexical, as inferências, o jogo lúdico da grafia das palavras, as formas textuais serão inferidos dialogicamente em grande parte pelos estudos estilísticos de Marcel Cressot, Pierre Guiraud, Mattoso Câmara, Nilce SantAnna Martins e José Lemos Monteiro. Desse modo, apontamos para um estudo da língua sob uma ótica semântico-discursiva, levando em conta sua expressividade estilística. Dessa forma, à valorização do manuseamento linguístico, quer pela escritura, quer pela leitura, acrescenta-se o dado crítico da língua através do discurso presente no humor, tendo em vista o gênero textual que é a crônica e sua grande penetração social pelos jornais de grande circulação

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Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo da crônica, gênero utilizado por Olavo Bilac poeta das estrelas e cronista da cidade para divulgar o modelo republicano de ordem e progresso. No presente estudo encontra-se também a análise de algumas crônicas bilaquianas especialmente as do período das reformas do governo Pereira Passos cujo tema central é o progresso urbano, incluindo as noções de civilidade, higienização e sanitarismo. Esse pensamento correspondia ao movimento de urbanização pelo qual a cidade do Rio de Janeiro passava de modo a transformar-se em uma verdadeira cidade-capital e vitrine do Brasil moderno