On the initial conditions in continuous-time fractional linear systems

Signal Processing, Vol. 83, nº 11

Introduction to fractional linear systems. Part 1 : continuous-time case

IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing, Vol. 147, nº 1

Introduction to fractional linear systems. Part 2: discrete-time case

IEE Proceedings - Vision, Image, and Signal Processing, Vol. 147, nº 1

Distributed Linear Precoding and User Selection in Coordinated Multicell Systems

In this manuscript we tackle the problem of semidistributed user selection with distributed linear precoding for sum rate maximization in multiuser multicell systems. A set of adjacent base stations (BS) form a cluster in order to perform coordinated transmission to cell-edge users, and coordination is carried out through a central processing unit (CU). However, the message exchange between BSs and the CU is limited to scheduling control signaling and no user data or channel state information (CSI) exchange is allowed. In the considered multicell coordinated approach, each BS has its own set of cell-edge users and transmits only to one intended user while interference to non-intended users at other BSs is suppressed by signal steering (precoding). We use two distributed linear precoding schemes, Distributed Zero Forcing (DZF) and Distributed Virtual Signalto-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (DVSINR). Considering multiple users per cell and the backhaul limitations, the BSs rely on local CSI to solve the user selection problem. First we investigate how the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regime and the number of antennas at the BSs impact the effective channel gain (the magnitude of the channels after precoding) and its relationship with multiuser diversity. Considering that user selection must be based on the type of implemented precoding, we develop metrics of compatibility (estimations of the effective channel gains) that can be computed from local CSI at each BS and reported to the CU for scheduling decisions. Based on such metrics, we design user selection algorithms that can find a set of users that potentially maximizes the sum rate. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed metrics and algorithms for different configurations of users and antennas at the base stations.

Integer/fractional decomposition of the impulse response of fractional linear systems

The decomposition of a fractional linear system is discussed in this paper. It is shown that it can be decomposed into an integer order part, corresponding to possible existing poles, and a fractional part. The first and second parts are responsible for the short and long memory behaviors of the system, respectively, known as characteristic of fractional systems.

Linear amplification with multiple nonlinear devices

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e Computadores

Wear of PEEK-Ti6Al4V systems under micro-abrasion and linear sliding conditions

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biomédica

Electroquímica de sustancias de interés en los sistemas agroalimentario y de sanidad animal. Desarrollo de biosensores electroquímicos. Aplicaciones analíticas.Electrochemistry of substances of interest in agroalimentary and animal health systems. Development of electrochemical biosensors. Analytical applications.

Se estudiarán los mecanismos de reacción electroquímica de las micotoxinas (metabolitos tóxicos generados por hongos) citrinina (CIT), patulina (PAT) y moniliformina (MON), de los antioxidantes naturales alfa, beta, gama y delta tocoferoles, de los flavonoides fisetina (FIS), morina (MOR), luteolina (LUT), rutina (RUT), buteina (BUT), naringenina (NAR) y miricetina (MIR) y de las hormonas esteroides estradiol (EDIOL), estrona (EONA) y estriol (ETRIOL). Por otra parte, se implementarán técnicas electroanalíticas para la detección y cuantificación de estos sustratos en muestras de matrices naturales que los contengan. Se realizará el diseño y caracterización de biosensores enzimáticos a partir de peroxidasas y/o fosfatasa alcalina para la determinación de la micotoxina CIT y de los flavonoides y, por otro, de inmunosensores para las micotoxinas ocratoxina A (OTA) y PAT y hormonas. Para el anclaje de enzimas y/o anticuerpos, se estudiarán las propiedades de electrodos modificados por monocapas autoensambladas, nanotubos de carbono y partículas magnéticas. Se usarán las técnicas de voltamperometría cíclica, de onda cuadrada y de redisolución con acumulación adsortiva, espectroscopías de impedancia electroquímica, electrólisis a potencial controlado, uv-vis e IR, microbalanza de cristal de cuarzo y microscopías de alta resolución (SEM, TEM, AFM). La importancia de este proyecto apunta a la obtención de nuevos datos electroquímicos de los sustratos indicados y conocimientos relacionados con la aplicación de electrodos modificados en la preparación de biosensores y en el desarrollo de técnicas alternativas para la determinación de los analitos mencionados precedentemente. Electrochemical reaction mechanisms of mycotoxins (toxic metabolites generated by fungi) citrinin (CIT), Patulin (PAT) and moniliformin (MON), natural antioxidants alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols, flavonoids fisetin (FIS), morin (MOR), luteolin (LUT), rutin (RUT), butein (BUT), naringenin (NAR), miricetin (MIR) and steroid hormones estradiol (EDIOL), estrone (EONA) and estriole (ETRIOL) will be explored. On the other hand, electroanalytical techniques for the detection and quantification of these substrates in samples of natural matrices will be implemented. The design and characterization of enzymatic biosensors from peroxidases and/or from alkaline phosphatase for the determination of CIT and flavonoids, and also of inmunosensors for ochratoxin A (OTA) and PAT and hormones will be performed. For the anchor of enzymes and/or antibody, properties of electrodes modified by self assembled monolayers, carbon nanotubes and magnetic particles will be explored. Cyclic, square wave and adsorptive stripping voltammetries, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, controlled potential electrolysis, uv-vis and IR, quartz crystal microbalance and high-resolution microcopies (SEM, TEM, AFM) will be used. The importance of this project is aimed at obtaining new electrochemical data for the indicated substrates and knowledge on the application of modified electrodes in preparation of biosensors and in the development of alternative techniques for the determination of the above-mentioned analytes.

Non-linear model reduction and control of molten carbonate fuel cell systems with internal reforming fuel cell systems with internal reforming

Magdeburg, Univ., Diss, 2007

Reduction of periodic difference systems to linear or autonomous ones

We extend Floquet theory for reducing nonlinear periodic difference systems to autonomous ones (actually linear) by using normal form theory.

Impulse response recovery of linear systems through weighted cumulant slice

Identifiability of the so-called ω-slice algorithm is proven for ARMA linear systems. Although proofs were developed in the past for the simpler cases of MA and AR models, they were not extendible to general exponential linear systems. The results presented in this paper demonstrate a unique feature of the ω-slice method, which is unbiasedness and consistency when order is overdetermined, regardless of the IIR or FIR nature of the underlying system, and numerical robustness.

Multifactor Performance Study on Complex Systems for the Benefit of Management

The primary objective is to identify the critical factors that have a natural impact on the performance measurement system. It is important to make correct decisions related to measurement systems, which are based on the complex business environment. The performance measurement system is combined with a very complex non-linear factor. The Six Sigma methodology is seen as one potential approach at every organisational level. It will be linked to the performance and financial measurement as well as to the analytical thinking on which the viewpoint of management depends. The complex systems are connected to the customer relationship study. As the primary throughput can be seen in a new well-defined performance measurement structure that will also be facilitated as will an analytical multifactor system. These critical factors should also be seen as a business innovation opportunity at the same time. This master's thesis has been divided into two different theoretical parts. The empirical part consists of both action-oriented and constructive research approaches with an empirical case study. The secondary objective is to seek a competitive advantage factor with a new analytical tool and the Six Sigma thinking. Process and product capabilities will be linked to the contribution of complex system. These critical barriers will be identified by the performance measuring system. The secondary throughput can be recognised as the product and the process cost efficiencies which throughputs are achieved with an advantage of management. The performance measurement potential is related to the different productivity analysis. Productivity can be seen as one essential part of the competitive advantage factor.

Non-Linear Journal Bearing Model for Analysis of Superharmonic Vibrations of Rotor Systems

A rotating machine usually consists of a rotor and bearings that supports it. The nonidealities in these components may excite vibration of the rotating system. The uncontrolled vibrations may lead to excessive wearing of the components of the rotating machine or reduce the process quality. Vibrations may be harmful even when amplitudes are seemingly low, as is usually the case in superharmonic vibration that takes place below the first critical speed of the rotating machine. Superharmonic vibration is excited when the rotational velocity of the machine is a fraction of the natural frequency of the system. In such a situation, a part of the machine’s rotational energy is transformed into vibration energy. The amount of vibration energy should be minimised in the design of rotating machines. The superharmonic vibration phenomena can be studied by analysing the coupled rotor-bearing system employing a multibody simulation approach. This research is focused on the modelling of hydrodynamic journal bearings and rotorbearing systems supported by journal bearings. In particular, the non-idealities affecting the rotor-bearing system and their effect on the superharmonic vibration of the rotating system are analysed. A comparison of computationally efficient journal bearing models is carried out in order to validate one model for further development. The selected bearing model is improved in order to take the waviness of the shaft journal into account. The improved model is implemented and analyzed in a multibody simulation code. A rotor-bearing system that consists of a flexible tube roll, two journal bearings and a supporting structure is analysed employing the multibody simulation technique. The modelled non-idealities are the shell thickness variation in the tube roll and the waviness of the shaft journal in the bearing assembly. Both modelled non-idealities may cause subharmonic resonance in the system. In multibody simulation, the coupled effect of the non-idealities can be captured in the analysis. Additionally one non-ideality is presented that does not excite the vibrations itself but affects the response of the rotorbearing system, namely the waviness of the bearing bushing which is the non-rotating part of the bearing system. The modelled system is verified with measurements performed on a test rig. In the measurements the waviness of bearing bushing was not measured and therefore it’s affect on the response was not verified. In conclusion, the selected modelling approach is an appropriate method when analysing the response of the rotor-bearing system. When comparing the simulated results to the measured ones, the overall agreement between the results is concluded to be good.

Towards input/output-free modelling of linear infinite-dimensional systems in continuous time

This dissertation describes a networking approach to infinite-dimensional systems theory, where there is a minimal distinction between inputs and outputs. We introduce and study two closely related classes of systems, namely the state/signal systems and the port-Hamiltonian systems, and describe how they relate to each other. Some basic theory for these two classes of systems and the interconnections of such systems is provided. The main emphasis lies on passive and conservative systems, and the theoretical concepts are illustrated using the example of a lossless transfer line. Much remains to be done in this field and we point to some directions for future studies as well.

Linear-quadratic optimal control of descriptor systems

In recent years the analysis and synthesis of (mechanical) control systems in descriptor form has been established. This general description of dynamical systems is important for many applications in mechanics and mechatronics, in electrical and electronic engineering, and in chemical engineering as well. This contribution deals with linear mechanical descriptor systems and its control design with respect to a quadratic performance criterion. Here, the notion of properness plays an important role whether the standard Riccati approach can be applied as usual or not. Properness and non-properness distinguish between the cases if the descriptor system is exclusively governed by the control input or by its higher-order time-derivatives additionally. In the unusual case of non-proper systems a quite different problem of optimal control design has to be considered. Both cases will be solved completely.