Una poética de la onomástica blaisiana

[ES] El tema de este trabajo se centra en el sistema de los nombres propios dentro del mundo novelesco de Marie-Claire Blais. La poética onomástica alude así a la capacidad creadora de la autora y a su estética desde el conjunto de dieciocho novelas.

Assortative mating among Lake Malawi cichlid fish populations is not simply predictable from male nuptial colour

Background: Research on the evolution of reproductive isolation in African cichlid fishes has largely focussed on the role of male colours and female mate choice. Here, we tested predictions from the hypothesis that allopatric divergence in male colour is associated with corresponding divergence in preference. Methods: We studied four populations of the Lake Malawi Pseudotropheus zebra complex. We predicted that more distantly-related populations that independently evolved similar colours would interbreed freely while more closely-related populations with different colours mate assortatively. We used microsatellite genotypes or mesh false-floors to assign paternity. Fisher's exact tests as well as Binomial and Wilcoxon tests were used to detect if mating departed from random expectations. Results: Surprisingly, laboratory mate choice experiments revealed significant assortative mating not only between population pairs with differently coloured males, but between population pairs with similarly-coloured males too. This suggested that assortative mating could be based on nonvisual cues, so we further examined the sensory basis of assortative mating between two populations with different male colour. Conducting trials under monochromatic (orange) light, intended to mask the distinctive male dorsal fin hues (blue v orange) of these populations, did not significantly affect the assortative mating by female P. emmiltos observed under control conditions. By contrast, assortative mating broke down when direct contact between female and male was prevented. Conclusion: We suggest that non-visual cues, such as olfactory signals, may play an important role in mate choice and behavioural isolation in these and perhaps other African cichlid fish. Future speciation models aimed at explaining African cichlid radiations may therefore consider incorporating such mating cues in mate choice scenarios.

Recovery from monocular deprivation using binocular deprivation.

Ocular dominance (OD) plasticity is a robust paradigm for examining the functional consequences of synaptic plasticity. Previous experimental and theoretical results have shown that OD plasticity can be accounted for by known synaptic plasticity mechanisms, using the assumption that deprivation by lid suture eliminates spatial structure in the deprived channel. Here we show that in the mouse, recovery from monocular lid suture can be obtained by subsequent binocular lid suture but not by dark rearing. This poses a significant challenge to previous theoretical results. We therefore performed simulations with a natural input environment appropriate for mouse visual cortex. In contrast to previous work, we assume that lid suture causes degradation but not elimination of spatial structure, whereas dark rearing produces elimination of spatial structure. We present experimental evidence that supports this assumption, measuring responses through sutured lids in the mouse. The change in assumptions about the input environment is sufficient to account for new experimental observations, while still accounting for previous experimental results.

(Table 1) Summary of accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon ages in ODP Sites 169-1033 and 169-1034

Continuous coring in Saanich Inlet (Ocean Drilling Program, ODP Leg 169S), British Columbia, Canada, yielded a detailed record of Late Quaternary climate, oceanography, marine productivity, and terrestrial vegetation. Two sites (1033 and 1034) were drilled to maximum depths of 105 and 118 m, recovering sediments ranging in age from 13,300 to less than 300 14C yr. Earliest sediments consist of dense, largely massive, gray glaciomarine muds with dropstones and sand and silt laminae deposited during the waning stages of glaciation. Deposition of organic-rich olive gray sediments began in the fjord about 12,000 14C yr ago, under well-oxygenated conditions as reflected by the presence of bioturbation and a diverse infaunal bivalve community. At about 10,500 14C yr, a massive, gray unit, 40-50 cm thick, was emplaced in a very short span of time. The unit is marked by a sharp lower contact, a gradational upper contact and an abundance of reworked Tertiary microfossils. It has been interpreted as resulting from massive flood events caused by the collapse of glacial dams in the Fraser Valley of mainland British Columbia. Progressively greater anoxia in bottom waters of Saanich Inlet began about 7000 14C yr ago. This is reflected in the preservation of varved sediments consisting of diatomaceous spring-summer laminae and terrigenous winter laminae. Correlation of the sediments was based on: marked lithologic changes, the presence of massive intervals (reflecting localized sediment gravity flow events), the Mazama Ash, occasional thin gray laminae (indicative of abnormal flood events in nearby watersheds), varve counts between marker horizons, and 71 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates.

La conduite avec facultés affaiblies : les contrevenants et les services offerts dans les établissements de détention du Québec

Rapport de stage présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de Maître ès science (M. Sc.) en criminologie Option stage en analyse criminologique

Perceções dos enfermeiros sobre os erros de medicação no pré-hospitalar

Quase metade da totalidade de eventos adversos evitáveis é consequência de erros de medicação (EM), contudo, não sendo possível evitá-los completamente, estes podem ser minorados. Esta problemática em contexto pré-hospitalar (PH) tem sido pouco estudada a nível internacional e nunca foi abordada em Portugal. O objetivo deste estudo é relacionar as variáveis sociodemográficas, socioprofissionais, formação, conhecimentos e experiências com EM com a perceção dos enfermeiros que exercem no PH relativamente à frequência da ocorrência dos tipos e causas de EM, dos obstáculos ao relato de EM, dos fatores facilitadores do relato de EM e com o grau de concordância sobre divulgação de EM. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico, descritivo, transversal e correlacional. A amostra é composta por 107 enfermeiros do PH (método snowball), dos quais 56.1% são do sexo masculino. Foi aplicado um questionário eletrónico constituído por uma componente sociodemográfica, escala de conhecimentos, perceções e experiência com erros de medicação (Raimundo, 2011; Maurer, 2010; Bohomol & Ramos, 2006; Mayo & Duncan, 2004; Osborne, Blais & Hayes, 1999; Gladstone, 1995). Resultados: Dos inquiridos 60.7% apresentam fracos a razoáveis conhecimentos sobre EM; mais de 54% perceciona a sua formação académica/contínua sobre EM como sendo inexistente/insuficiente e 52.3% não recebe formação sobre farmacologia há pelo menos 6 anos; 45.8% diz ter experienciado no PH um ou mais EM sem dano para o doente e apenas 14.9% relatou um ou mais EM sem dano para o doente. Os tipos e as causas de EM identificadas ocorrem com uma frequência elevada para mais de 39% dos inquiridos. A maioria dos inquiridos (47.7%) considera que no PH existem grandes obstáculos ao relato de EM e os fatores facilitadores do relato de EM apresentados são considerados por 49.5% dos enfermeiros como altamente prováveis de facilitar o relato. 52,3% dos enfermeiros do PH discordam de uma forma global com a divulgação de EM. O sexo feminino apresenta uma perceção mais elevada da ocorrência das causas primárias de EM (MF=2.68, Dp= 0.60 vs MM=2.36, Dp=0.66) e uma perceção mais elevada dos fatores facilitadores ao relato dos EM (MF=4.40, Dp= 0.64 vs MM=4.12, Dp=0.74). Os enfermeiros que exercem exclusivamente no PH possuem uma melhor perceção da frequência de ocorrência das causas primárias de EM. Quanto maior o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre EM, maior é a perceção destes relativamente aos tipos de erros e maior o grau de concordância com a divulgação dos EM. Existe evidência estatisticamente significativa (p<0.05) de que os enfermeiros que experienciaram a ocorrência de pelo menos 1 erro com dano para o doente possuem melhor perceção dos tipos, causas primárias e obstáculos ao relato dos EM, assim como apresenta um maior grau de concordância com a divulgação de EM. Conclusão: A perceção dos enfermeiros sobre a frequência dos tipos e das causas de EM, assim como dos obstáculos e dos fatores facilitadores do relato de EM por parte dos enfermeiros no PH não tem, de uma forma geral, relação com as características sociodemográficas e socioprofissionais, o que demonstra a transversalidade desta problemática. Tão ou mais importante do que avaliar a dimensão e caracterizar a tipologia, causas, obstáculos e fatores facilitadores ao relato dos EM será, com base no conhecimento obtido, definir e implementar ações de gestão de risco que permitam a sua redução ou mesmo a sua supressão. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Erros de Medicação, Perceção dos Enfermeiros, Pré- Hospitalar.

La conduite avec facultés affaiblies : les contrevenants et les services offerts dans les établissements de détention du Québec

Rapport de stage présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de Maître ès science (M. Sc.) en criminologie Option stage en analyse criminologique

(Table 1) AMS radiocarbon ages from ODP Sites 169-1033 and 169-1034

This paper explores the paleoseismic record potentially preserved in the upper 40 m of hydraulic piston cores collected in 1996 at two sites in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, during ocean drilling program (ODP) Leg 169S. The ODP cores are missing 1-2 m of water-rich sediment directly underlying the seafloor, but this sediment is preserved in shorter piston cores collected in 1989 and 1991. The upper part of the ODP cores consists of rhythmically laminated (varved) marine mud with intercalated massive beds, interpreted to be debris flow deposits. Some of the debris flow deposits are linked to past earthquakes, including the 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake (M7.2), a great (M8-9) plate-boundary earthquake at the Cascadia subduction zone in January 1700, and a large crustal or plate-boundary earthquake about 1000 yr ago. Earthquakes may also be responsible for debris flows in about AD 1600, 1500, 1250, 1150, 850, 450, 350, 180, and BC 200, 220, 500, 900, and 1050. If so, the average recurrence interval for moderate to large earthquakes, which trigger debris flows in Saanich Inlet, is about 150 yr. This recurrence interval is broadly consistent with the frequency of moderate to large earthquakes in the region during the historical period. Debris flows, however, can also be triggered by non-seismic processes, making it difficult to assemble a complete earthquake record from the Saanich Inlet cores. We propose that extensive debris flow deposits, emplaced by single large failures or many smaller coincident failures, probably have a seismic origin.

Une fonte de cloches au temps jadis.

Mode of access: Internet.

Inventaire-sommaire des Archives départementales antérieures à 1790 : Vienne.

Mode of access: Internet.

Le script de l'intervention policière auprès des personnes en état mental perturbé : déroulement et facteurs de l'usage de force par les policiers

Travail dirigé présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales en vue de l’obtention du grade de maîtrise ès sciences (M.SC) en criminologie, option sécurité intérieure

Les sondages électoraux français de 2002 : influence de la méthodologie sur la qualité des estimations

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Écouter la différence? : les nouvelles, la publicité et le service public en radiodiffusion

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Exploring the checklist ballot : an exercise in democracy

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.