900 resultados para História cultural


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The purpose of this study is to search the school group Barão de Mipibú/RN, which is located in a city called São José de Mipibú. The aim of this work is to discuss about the use of education as a tool for the formation of the republican imaginary society norte-riograndense. We defined a period from 1909 through 1920. The choice of this work is about how this could be important to the Brazilian History of Education and local, as well as for Cultural History and extends to studies of everyday school life and history of school disciplines. Their achievement was through bibliography search and document analysis. The first was through a review of bibliography on the national and local historiography about the School Groups and productions of the Brazilian Republic. The last one, through the following sources, namely, just the same building of the school group Barão de Mipibú, furniture inventories, class daily, terms of visits of Education Directors and reports of the Directors, book Our History by Rocha Pombo, Educational Legislation, Legislative Congress posts, the decree of creation of School Groups, in particular Barão de Mipibú and the Group Model Augusto Severo, as well as the internal statute and finally, interviews with Alumni of the 50s. The study is inserted in the history of education and as the theoretical to assist in the analysis of sources on the imagination of the study, we looked for support in Jacques Le Goff (1994), Bronislaw Bazcko (1985), Cornelius Castoriadis (1982). At the end of this work it was possible to get the understanding that the Republican government found in the educational Field, one way to spread their ideals and collaboration in building the social Imaginary of the republic, which was constituted in the early twentieth century.

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This study aimed to analyze the Paraguayan War's impact on public education in the province of São Paulo in the period that lasted the conflict (1864-1870). Between 1864 and 1870 the area now known as South America experienced its greatest armed conflict. Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay declared war against Paraguay. Brazilian governors began to conceive the Empire as superior to the Paraguayan nation, which for them, was a non-civilized country. They understood that to maintain civilization and follow the progress, they needed to develop their education. The Empire mobilized men of any part of its territory. Some left for the war voluntarily and others were forced. Along that current War, the recruitment had become increasingly difficult, leading entire families moving, teachers and students to leave the school and the city. The paulistas teachers have been turning to the patriotic past of the province in which he was proclaimed the independence of the Empire. Civilization and progress, present at the leaders speeches were reflected in the São Paulo social practices that culminate in the notion of patriotism, also reflected in the education of children and youth of the period.

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The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the propagation of an anticommunism movement in Rio Grande do Norte Estate, Brazil, in a process that started on the first decades of the twentieth century and shows reflections until today. Firstly, we introduce the operation promoted by the catholic oriented newspaper A Ordem. Through the analysis of publications from 1935 to 1945, we observe its role in an image campaign of the “Communist Conspiracy” event, in an attempt to legitimate the power of Right wing groups, specially the Catholic Church and the Military Police. The newspapers discourse is analyzed in serial, quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Secondly, we search to understand the space dynamic of the anticommunism discourse thought the creation of evocation and representation spaces that ended up becoming memory places. Our considerations are based on the concept of representation by Roger Chartier, observing the way communism is represented by A Ordem, as well as the spatial category used to reactivate the anticommunist memory and represent it. We analyze the interests that are served by the construction of the monuments, the Oral History, as well as the relation between the local communities with them. Thirdly, we establish a parallel with many authors, in an approach that gathers Cultural and Social elements and Political History, in order to find explanations for the articulation of these discourses.

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In this work, we investigate the symbolic construction of a particular spatiality, starting from the theoretical assumption that spaces are subjective constructions guided by different cultures, feelings and rationales, but mostly spaces are human constructs driven by social relations, as a result of the material investment and symbol that reflects the needs of a particular society at a given time of historical development. Accordingly, we analyze the construction and symbolic imagery of the central region of Portugal, the Alentejo, from the literary production (1916 – 1930) the English poet Florbela Espanca D'Alma Conception Espanca. Thus, we propose to analyze the florbelian work not only from its internal relations, but also external, emphasizing the link between history, space and literature. Thus, we propose to inquire about the symbolic dimension – the meanings of images and representations – which prompted one of the most controversial Portuguese poets of the early twentieth to look into the poetic construction of space Alentejo century, questioning not only the senses brokered by speech literary Florbela Espanca to invent your Alentejo, adorned with memories, pain and longing, but investigate how the socio-cultural environment influenced your work, in your life and ways to feel and live the Alentejo. To better understand how the poet means the Alentejo spatiality, throughout this work we question three categories of space in the work of Florbela Espanca: the region, the countryside and the landscape of the Alentejo. Thus, this research falls within the field of cultural history in the medical we will work with the entire literary output Florbela Espanca, letters, diaries, photos and biographical and literary criticism, by establishing the time frame of 1916 – beginning of intellectual activity Florbela Spank – the 1930 – publication of Blossom Heath (posthumous) and the suicide of the poet. Therefore, a constant symbolic exercise of words crossed by more subjective feelings of the subject, all the time our work will be guided by the question of what would be the Alentejo for the poet, who senses and meanings across this spatiality that marked so sovereignly happiest memories and sad life Florbela Espanca.

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This thesis presents a research that links cultural history and visual culture in a sociobiographical approach. It gives a “political treatment” to the educational experience in the transition of art teaching from the modern to the postmodern. By taking into account my experiences as an educator and the poetic practice in Daniel Francisco de Souza’s visual art, I propose a dialogue with his art and a series of visual narratives this artist/student produced at the time of his education and recently. Such visual narratives were taken as research source and research subject. They were created in a rural setting in dialogue with formal art teaching in two phases: 1992–6, when Daniel Fran cisco attended elementary school in the rural area of Uberlândia, MG; and 2008–10, when he attended Visual Arts graduation at Federal University of Uberlândia city. I analyze historical processes related to art and teaching, from the early sixteenth century to the present times, to realize residues in students’ poetic experiences. I relate Brazilian educational public policies with experi- ences in that rural school. I try to show the extent to which our educational practices triggered experiences — from ones common to intense ones — and promoted forms of “emancipation-knowledge” or “regulation-knowledge” and how the “selective tradition” was and how art predetermined history images gave way to everyday visual references, pointing to the “broad field” of visual culture. I make an effort to show Daniel Francisco’s work as an adult by tak- ing it according to different approaches. In a poetic reading, first, I emphasixe the material and the symbolic in his art. In a second look, I approach his work through the intertwining experiences of three characters from different times and places that participated in the making of his art: the artist farmer, the artist teacher and the teacher researcher. I assume the existence of a mutual cultural incompleteness in these three characters; which means that parts of their “structures of feeling” built on the interrelationship among them are part of the artist’ work as a historical content decanted. Thirdly, I demonstrate how the artist sees his place as a key re ference to his poetic creation. His work does not reflect the rural bucolic as something untouched. In showing the difficulty in distinguishing the archaic residual, I identify emerging issues in his work. I conclude that the artist — Daniel Francisco — and the researcher — myself — present maverick features: both are scavengers; their productions approach the working with scraps in art and in the academy; even momentarily, they live in exile in the warmth of the borders or the edges, from where one sees the center clearly. In these spaces, when certain structures and normative codes enter into coalition, they fragment pre-established strategies and stimulate the creation of survival tactics.

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En este artículo proponemos la reflexión sobre la información periodística en el contexto contemporáneo a partir del análisis de las características del soporte del periódico, en una comparación entre dos periódicos de distintos países. A partir de los conceptos de espacialidad, visualidad y comunicabilidad, discutidos por Ferrara, considerando también el análisis de los componentes de paginación y diagramación de los periódicos, buscamos escudriñar los sentidos de la información y del conocimiento en este contexto de instrumentalización técnica

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Originalmente tese de doutorado da autora, defendida na Universidade de São Paulo, a obra discorre acerca do papel dos periódicos recreativos, científicos e literários na sociedade brasileira do século Xix e início do século XX. Demonstrando amplo domínio bibliográfico a respeito das discussões mais recentes sobre o assunto, a autora preenche uma lacuna sobre a revista francesa, que logo caiu no gosto das elites brasileiras a partir do Segundo Reinado.

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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as questões de Gênero veiculadas a partir do teatro operário na cidade do Rio Grande, que nos anos iniciais do século XX foi um agente educativo relevante na organização do operariado local, e sua relação com a formação da consciência histórica dos sujeitos envolvidos nesta prática cultural. Para tal fim, realizar-se-á a análise da obra dramatúrgica Amor e Ouro (1906), de autoria da militante libertária Agostina Guizzardi, ativa intelectual do movimento operário, bem como de outros escritos desta e de outros militantes do operariado rio-grandino, buscando-se, assim, estabelecer um diálogo entre as muitas vozes que compunham esta prática educativa. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa estabelecerá um diálogo entre História e Literatura, adotando como diretrizes norteadoras os pressupostos da Nova História Cultural, referencial teórico este que alargou o campo de pesquisa histórica, abrindo espaço para a inserção de novos sujeitos e outras fontes, entre elas, o texto literário.

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Verney constitui um signo mágico para abrir os horizontes do debate científico e cultural em torno de Modernidade. Na Universidade de Évora a Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia ocupa um antigo espaço castrense que foi denominado, em sessão de Senado Universitário do início do século XXI, Colégio Luís António Verney. Deixar, para tempos vindouros, sinais claros que a Física, a Química, a Biologia iam ficar alocadas em espaço de uma memória identificador da modernidade do século XVIII europeu. No magistério científico de História cultural e política do Professor Silva Dias também fui habituada a lidar com o caldo cultural da modernidade — na velha tem são antigos! modernos — pontuada pelo vértice de urna desdivinização da Natureza proposta nas Cartas X e XII do Verdadeiro Método de Estudar, nas quais se tratados ternas da Física e da Medicina, esta como uma consequência da aplicação à natureza (humana) da Física newtoniana. Verney como símbolo da interpretação de uma nova Natureza, medida instrumentalmente, experimentada sob o ponto de vista científico

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O presente trabalho procurou dar visibilidade aos mediadores envolvidos no processo de apropriação da leitura e da escrita pelas crianças, dentro e fora da escola. Compartilhando com Vygotsky (1984) a idéia de que para se entender algo é necessário estudá-lo nas dinâmicas das relações, ou seja, mergulhada no processo, a pesquisa foi realizada na sala de aula onde atuei como professora, em uma instituição privada de educação infantil. Elegi como referencial teórico os estudos da História Cultural (Chartier: 1996, Hébrard: 1996 e Fraisse: 1997) por meio dos quais procurei compreender as práticas de leitura e escrita analisando suas relações com os modelos históricos que as circunscrevem. Ao enfocar os relatos das crianças e de suas famílias, foi possível conhecer os mediadores presentes no processo de apropriação da leitura e da escrita: o mundo oral, a materialidade do livro, a imagem e as recordações de infância. Observei ainda que as crianças não são passivas diante das propostas de leitura consideradas “escolares” – burlam a vigilância exercida por mim como professora, formando uma rede de antidisciplina.

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Este estudo busca fundamentar a inter-relação entre dois aspectos pertinentes à mediação da leitura de textos infantojuvenis no cenário escolar: a adaptação e o imaginário arquetípico. O primeiro é temporal, sempre ajustado a determinado público ou contexto, a fim de obter aceitação. O segundo, atemporal, pois diz respeito ao grande reservatório de imagens ou conjunto de imagens oníricas ou oriundas da mente primitiva, que alicerça nosso modo de viver, pensar e agir. Dessa forma, este texto objetiva mostrar como esses dois tópicos estão dispostos na literatura infantojuvenil. Para tanto, discorremos sobre esses temas em três obras adaptadas em cordel para crianças e jovens: O pequeno Polegar, Pinóquio e O Soldadinho de Chumbo à luz dos estudos da adaptação, da literatura fantástica e dos estudos do imaginário arquetípico, amparo teórico elencado para este estudo bibliográfico. Esta proposta surgiu da necessidade de fundamentação de um trabalho de mediação de leitores no contexto de formação de professores, na vivência do componente curricular Literatura Infantil, do curso de graduação em pedagogia em uma universidade pública no Nordeste brasileiro. A partir do olhar hermenêutico das obras da literatura infantojuvenil adaptadas em cordel, conclui-se que os elementos em análise se revelam potencialmente significativos para dinamizar o processo de mediação da leitura no contexto escolar.

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Esta dissertação, História do Povo Surdo em Porto Alegre, Imagens e Sinais de uma Trajetória Cultural traz a narrativa, através de fotografias, da evolução das políticas surdas em Porto Alegre. O Referencial teórico utilizado para embasar as narrativas em seus contextos históricos e culturais foi o dos Estudos Surdos, Estudos Culturais e Análise de Fotografias. A documentação destes eventos importantes para o povo surdo local possibilitou o registro do desenvolvimento e das articulações feitas pelas pessoas surdas em busca de seu reconhecimento como grupo cultural e não como sujeitos deficitários, desde a década de 1950 até os dias atuais. As histórias registradas nas fotografias, narradas por seus protagonistas, mostram a construção do Povo Surdo, passo a passo, historicamente.