Antropometria das extremidades dos membros inferiores de obesos: parâmetros para o desing ergonômico de calçados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Previsão dos custos de produção por intermédio de séries temporais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Criptografia e curvas elípticas

Pós-graduação em Matemática Universitária - IGCE

Aspectos psicológicos do adolescer com HIV/Aids: estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Necessidade de vigilância epidemiológica para Leishmania infantum (syn. Leishmania chagasi) e Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em flebotomíneos e gatos errantes no Bosque Municipal de Marília-SP

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Tempo de decomposição de palha e contribuição na nutrição da cana-de- açúcar em função da aplicação de vinhaça e gesso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interações criança-criança no pátio da escola e no abrigo: o comportamento de cuidado entre pares

Estudos mostram que ao interagir a criança tem a oportunidade de desenvolver suas habilidades sociais. Dentre elas, o comportamento de cuidado se destaca como açoes diversas que se assemelham ao cuidado parental, que têm por objetivo dar suporte físico ou afetivo ao outro a partir de atitudes como ajudar, compartilhar e brincar de cuidar. No caso de crianças que estão vivendo e crescendo em instituições de Abrigo, estudos consideram que devido à sua condição peculiar de vulnerabilidade pessoal e social, elas podem se beneficiar da presença deste comportamento nas interações estabelecidas nesse tipo de ambiente e ou em outros, como o escola. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar aspectos físicos e sociais do ambiente que concorrem para a manifestação do comportamento de cuidado entre pares observados em suas interações nos pátios da Escola e do Abrigo. Assim como, verificar e analisar características físicas e socioais dos sujeitos que participaram da pesquisa que podem igualmente ter influenciado a manifestação desta modalidade de comportamento pró-social. Participaram do estudo cinco crianças, entre quatro e seis anos, que moravam há mais de um ano no Abrigo e freqüentavam regularmente a Escola. Para a coleta de dados, cada sujeito focal e suas interações com outras crianças foram filmados ao longo de dez sessões de observação, durante cinqüenta minutos, em ambos os ambientes. Ao todo, foram 500 minutos de observação dos participantes da pesquisa. Quanto aos resultados derivados da observação dos sujeitos focais, constatou-se que todos os cinco participantes manifestaram comportamentos de cuidado nos ambientes da pesquisa. Ao todo, foram registrados 43 eventos comportamentais (sendo 26 na Escola e 17 no Abrigo), organizados em torno das seguintes subcategorias: Estabelecer Contato Afetuoso, Ajudar, Brincar de Cuidar e Entreter. A avaliação intragrupal mostrou que não houve diferença estatística na diferença dos percentuais do comportamento de cuidado observados nos pátios da Escola e do Abrigo. Quando se considera para análise o desempenho de uma a uma das categorias do cuidado, percebe-se que o comportamento de Ajudar quando emitido na Escola (n=14; 53.8%) apresentou freqüências maiores que no Abrigo (n=7; 41,2%). Contudo, o Teste Binomial indica que esta diferença não é estatisticamente significativa (p>0,05), sendo semelhantes os percentuais referentes a ações de ajuda em ambos os ambientes. O mesmo constata-se em relação ao comportamento Brincar de Cuidar, que em termos percentuais foi mais presente no Abrigo (n=4; 23.5%) do que na Escola (n= 2;7.7%). Entretanto, a análise estatística aponta que não houve variação estatística significativa entre os ambientes. A descrição da freqüência do comportamento Estabelecer Contato Afetuoso mostra que apresenta uma maior ocorrência na Escola (n=7; 26.9%) do que no Abrigo (n=6 ; 35.3%), porém, o teste mostra que não houve diferença estatística entre as médias quando se compara os ambientes. E por fim, verificou-se que o comportamento Entreter não teve nenhuma ocorrência no Abrigo, tendo sido observado somente no ambiente da Escola (n=3, 11.5%), não sendo possível assim a aplicação do teste estatístico. Os dados mostraram que cada ambiente predominou uma forma de cuidado, devido as características físicas e sociais de cada instituição. Bem como, as características dos participantes (a idade e o tempo de permanência dos sujeitos focais) e o sexo do receptores e o cuidado oferecido.

A avaliação formativa como aporte ao ensino da competência informacionali

The worry to assess the information Literacy is growing up on literature, which points out the need to verify the effectiveness of information literacy programs. In Brazil, the movement to de actions to assess is turn to the diagnostic line. There are few specific initiatives to assess the development of the programs, called formative assessment. Researchers of the area of education defend assess like a social practical that requires rigor and methods and confirmed that this can‟t be considered just like a measure. Before these aspects, approach to methods and tools for formative assessment of information literacy, the way in the instruments don‟t to be seeing like principal pieces in assess, but like auxiliary tools for the measurement of results and principal as school guiding that are useful for learning.

Utilização da cinza de folha de cana-de-açúcar como material pozolânico em matrizes cimentantes

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Tribute to Curt Bromm

Since growing up on the family farm, Curt Bromm has continued to maintain a strong interest in agriculture and education as he developed his legal practice in Wahoo and embarked on a career in public service as a State Senator. Curt Bromm was born at Oakland and graduated from Tekamah High School. He continued his education at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln where he received his baccalaureate degree in agriculture and then a law degree. Curt served as a second lieutenant in the U. S. Army.

Funktionelle Charakterisierung der Protein-Kinase CK2 in der Suppression Th2-vermittelter Immunantworten durch regulatorische T-Zellen

Regulatorische T-Zellen (Tregs) leisten durch ihre suppressiven Eigenschaften einen essenziellen Beitrag zur Aufrechterhaltung der immunologischen Toleranz. Sie verhindern schädliche Immunreaktionen gegen Autoantigene, kommensale Bakterien, sowie harmlose Nahrungsmittel-bestandteile. Gleichzeitig gewährleisten sie die Entwicklung effektiver Immunantworten gegen eindringende Pathogene, wie z.B. Parasiten, Bakterien und Viren. Damit haben Tregs direkten Einfluss auf das Gleichgewicht zwischen Immunität und Toleranz. Fehler in der suppressiven Funktionsweise von Tregs begünstigen daher auf der einen Seite die Entstehung zahlreicher autoimmuner Erkrankungen und Allergien. Auf der anderen Seite können Tregs Immunreaktionen bei chronischen Infektionen reduzieren, sowie die Entstehung effektiver Immunantworten gegen Tumore hemmen. Ihre Beteiligung an der Ätiologie all dieser Krankheiten macht Tregs zu einem bedeutenden potenziellen Zielobjekt, um diese Krankheiten effektiv zu therapieren. Die Erweiterung des Grundwissens um die molekularen Mechanismen der Treg-vermittelten Suppression ist daher ein notwendiger Schritt bei der Entwicklung Treg-basierter Theraphieansätze. 2003 konnte mit Foxp3 ein Transkriptionsfaktor identifiziert werden, der maßgeblich die suppressiven Funktionen von Tregs steuert. Um weiteren Einblick in die der Suppression zugrundeliegenden Signalwege zu erhalten, wurde im Institut für Immunologie ein komparativer Kinomarray durchgeführt, anhand dessen die Casein Kinase 2 (CK2) als eine der aktivsten Kinasen in Tregs identifiziert wurde (Daten freundlicherweise von Prof. Dr. Tobias Bopp bereitgestellt). rnBasierend auf den Ergebnissen des Kinomarrays wurde in dieser Arbeit die Funktion der CK2 in Tregs untersucht. Dabei konnte in in vitro Experimenten die Treg-vermittelte Suppression durch den pharmakologische CK2 Inhibitor DMAT aufgehoben werden. Weil derartige Inhibitoren jedoch nicht absolut spezifisch die Aktivität nur einer Kinase supprimieren, wurden außerdem Mäuse mit konditionalem „knockout“ der CK2β Untereinheit spezifisch in Tregs gekreuzt (CK2βTreg-/- Mäuse). Die Analyse dieser Tiere offenbarte eine essenzielle Beteiligung der CK2 an den suppressiven Funktionen von Tregs. So entwickeln CK2βTreg-/- Mäuse mit zunehmendem Alter Splenomegalien und Lymphadenopathien, von denen in besonderem Maße die Mukosa-assoziierten Lymphknoten betroffen sind. Eine Analyse des Aktivierungsstatus der T-Zellen in den Tieren konnte zudem einen erhöhten Anteil sogenannter Effektor-Gedächtnis T-Zellen aufdecken, die charakteristische Merkmale eines Th2 Phänotyps zeigten. Erhöhte Titer des Antikörperisotyps IgE in den Seren von CK2βTreg-/- Mäusen suggerieren zusätzlich eine fehlerhafte Suppression speziell Th2-vermittelter Immunantworten durch CK2β-defiziente Tregs. In Th2-vermittelten Asthma Experimenten in vivo konnte der Verdacht der fehlerhaften Kontrolle von Th2-Antwort bestätigt werden, wobei zusätzlich aufgedeckt wurde, dass bereits unbehandelte CK2βTreg-/- Mäuse Zeichen einer Entzündungsreaktion in der Lunge aufweisen. Bei der Suche nach den molekularen Ursachen der fehlerhaften Suppression Th2-vermittelter Immunantworten durch CK2β-defiziente Tregs konnten zwei mögliche Erklärungsansätze gefunden werden. Zum einen zeigen CK2β-defiziente Tregs eine verringerte Expression von Foxp3, was, in Analogie zu Ergebnissen der Gruppe von R. Flavell (Wang Y.Y. Nature. 445, 766-770 (2007)), zu einer Konversion von Tregs zu Th2 Zellen und damit zur Entstehung eines Th2-basierten, autoimmunen Phänotyps führt. Des Weiteren weisen CK2β-defiziente Tregs eine reduzierte Expression des Transkriptionsfaktors IRF4 auf, der in Tregs entscheidend für die Kontrolle Th2-basierter Immunreaktionen ist (Zheng Y. Nature. 19; 351-356 (2009)). Die dargelegten Ergebnisse identifizieren die CK2 damit als Kinase, die entscheidend an der Treg-vermittelten Suppression speziell Th2-basierter Immunantworten beteiligt ist. Demnach könnten pharmakologische CK2 Inhibitoren beispielsweise dazu eingesetzt werden, um die Treg-vermittelte Suppression im Rahmen chronischer Parasiten-Infektionen aufzuheben. Die in CK2βTreg-/- Mäusen beobachtete Prävalenz der Funktion der CK2 für Mukosa-assoziierte Organe stellt dabei einen zusätzlichen Vorteil dar, weil systemische Nebenwirkungen, die durch die Blockade der Treg-vermittelte Suppression entstehen, zumindest in nicht-Mukosa-assoziierten Geweben nicht zu erwarten sind.rn

"Who Fears Death" di Nnedi Okorafor, una proposta di traduzione

This dissertaton deals with the translation of selected chapters from Nnedi Okorafor’s novel Who Fears Death. The novel, set in a post-apocalyptic Africa ravaged by inter-ethnic violence, narrates the tale of Onyesonwu, an Ewu, a half-breed born of rape, facing the rejection of her community. Growing up Onyesonwu realizes that the color of her skin is not the only thing that sets her apart from the other inhabitants of Jwahir, as she starts to manifest magical powers, and during an unintentional visit to the spirit realms she finds out that her biological father, a very powerful sorcerer, wants to kill her. At this point the only option left to her is to learn the secret arts of magic under the guidance of Aro, the sorcerer, and then embark on a journey to put and end to the menace posed by her biological father, stop the massacres between the Okeke and Nuru people, and rewrite history. This work is structured in five chapters. The first presents a brief retelling of the author’s life and works. The second chapter constitutes the theoretical frame according to which the novel will be described, and illustrates an analysis on the function of sci-fi literature. The third chapter introduces the novel itself, dealing with its setting and cultural peculiarities, the literary genre to which it belongs, and analysing the themes deemed most relevant, among which the racial and gender issues. The fourth chapter consists of the translation of some chapters from the novel Who Fears Death, and the fifth of a comment on the translation, presenting both a textual analysis, and notes on the choices deemed most interesting or challenging in a translation process perspective.

Follicle-forming cat thyroid cell lines synthesizing extracellular matrix and basal membrane components: a new tool for the study of thyroidal morphogenesis

Interactions between follicular epithelial cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) are supposed to play an important role in the development and maintenance of thyroid tissue architecture. In the present study we have therefore investigated the synthesis of ECM components by a feline thyroid cell line which is able to form follicle-like structures in vitro, and also in v-ras-transfected and control-transfected sublines. Transfections were performed by lipofection with pZSR (viral Harvey ras gene; neo) and pSV2-neo (control, neo only) plasmids. We have adapted a semisolid culture system composed exclusively of polymerized alginate and therefore devoid of ECM components. Feline cells embedded in alginate gels as single cells and cultured for up to 90 days formed cell clusters within 10 days. Follicle-like structures were formed in the original cell lines and also in the v-ras- and control-transfected cells. Differences in proliferation rates were observed, the v-ras-transfected cells growing up to two to three times faster than the non-transfected cells. Immunostaining was done using rabbit first antibodies directed against mouse collagen IV, human fibronectin, laminin (tumor Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm laminin), perlecan and other ECM components. For comparison, immunostaining was also performed on cryosections of nodular goiters of six hyperthyroid cats. The cell lines and their transfected clones stained strongly positive for collagen IV and fibronectin, and positively but less strongly for laminin and perlecan. The cat goiter tissue stained positively for collagen IV, laminin, perlecan, and fibronectin, and positive staining for S-laminin (containing the beta2-chain) was seen in blood vessel walls in this tissue. In conclusion, cat cell lines grow three-dimensionally in alginate beads over several weeks, they form follicle-like structures and express the same ECM components as the native cat goiter tissue. Transfection with v-ras does increase proliferation rate, but does not fundamentally alter formation of follicle-like structures and ECM expression. Alginate gel culture is a promising new tool for the study of follicular morphogenesis, polarity, the expression pattern of ECM components and of the interaction between thyrocytes and ECM. It avoids interference caused by gels composed of ECM components.

Landscapes of Education and the New Role of Social Work International Models of How to Combine Formal, Non-formal and Informal Education

Landscapes of education are a new topic within the debate about adequate and just education and human development for everybody. In particular, children and youths from social classes affected by poverty, a lack of prospects or minimal schooling are a focal group that should be offered new approaches and opportunities of cognitive and social development by way of these landscapes of education. It has become apparent that the traditional school alone does not suffice to meet this need. There is no doubt that competency-based orientation and employability are core areas with the help of which the generation now growing up will manage the start of its professional career. In addition and by no means less important, the development involves individual, social, cultural and societal perspectives that can be combined under the term of human development. In this context, the Capability Approach elaborated by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum has developed a more extensive concept of human development and related it to empirical instruments. Using the analytic concept of individual capabilities and societal opportunities they shaped a socio-political formula that should be adapted in particular to modern social work. Moreover, the Capability Approach offers a critical foil with regard to further development and revision of institutionalised approaches in education and human development.

La soledad de Althusser. La lectura de Maquiavelo como clave de una renovación teórica

Este ensayo indaga sobre la interpretación althusseriana de Maquiavelo, elaborada en sus trazos más significativos durante el particular contexto de reorientación y crisis teórica que implicaron para el filósofo francés los años '70. De esta manera se analiza el vínculo entre el crecimiento de Maquiavelo como referente teórico con el replanteamiento de un campo teórico en crisis: aquí, tanto el contexto de producción de los textos como la continuidad de ciertas tensiones teóricas (o más bien, su desplazamiento hacia otras nuevas) permiten comprender más ajustadamente el trabajo del 'último Althusser' (el de la década de los '80). Algunos ejes del análisis son: la relación entre la teoría y la práctica política; la concepción sobre la política y la historia; la revisión del problema del sujeto o agente a partir del de la acción política; el notable lugar ocupado por Maquiavelo en el 'materialismo aleatorio' que Althusser propondría como alternativa teórica en sus últimos años