O ensino de enfermagem psiqui��trica e sa��de mental : an��lise de p��s-gradua����o "Lato sensu"

O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa �� o ensino de p��s-gradua����o ���lato sensu��� de enfermagem psiqui��trica e sa��de mental das Escolas de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e Universidade de S��o Paulo/Ribeir��o Preto (USP/RP). Orientada pelo referencial hist��rico-estrutural, que sup��e uma perspectiva dial��tica, essa pr��tica �� entendida como um processo din��mico, contradit��rio e em transforma����o constru��do por seus atores na sociedade. O estudo tem entre seus objetivos caracterizar e analisar o ensino de p��s-gradua����o ���lato sensu��� dos cursos referidos, identificando seus paradigmas, mudan��as incorporadas e suas articula����es com as propostas da Reforma Psiqui��trica. Os cursos da EEUFRGS e USP/RP s��o pioneiros e dinamizadores do ensino especializado da ��rea, titulando os enfermeiros e consubstanciando a forma����o de novos cursos no pa��s. De forma semelhante, respeitando as especificidades, ambos os cursos procuram a capacita����o espec��fica em enfermagem psiqui��trica, habilitando os profissionais para uma interven����o pr��tica de qualidade. Apresentam uma abordagem te��rica ampla das diferentes concep����es da psiquiatria, caracterizando-se pela transmiss��o das id��ias hegem��nicas da ��rea: a vis��o organicista da loucura e, ao mesmo tempo, apresentando as concep����es da Reforma Psiqui��trica. Essas concep����es antag��nicas transmitidas nesse ensino, tem gerado movimento, possibilitado cr��tica, manuten����o, reestrutura����o e inova����o dos cursos estudados. Especializa����o �� um processo de ensino que procura ampliar os conhecimentos e concep����es da ��rea, preparando os profissionais para intervir e transformar a pr��tica. Essa forma����o tem o objetivo de capacitar o enfermeiro, oferecendo um saber te��rico/pr��tico que o diferencia na sua pr��tica profissional. Esse ensino deve ser aproveitado como espa��o pol��tico e de cr��tica, tendo presente a exist��ncia de limites e poderes diferentes, que podem ocasionar mudan��as positivas e/ou negativas, mas que buscam construir/reconstruir esse ensino e a pr��tica de enfermagem psiqui��trica.

Utiliza����o do computador em contexto escolar por alunos do 4�� ano: representa����es e atitudes (um estudo efectuado em duas escolas do Ensino B��sico da Ilha da Madeira)

A presente investiga����o visa perceber como os alunos de tr��s turmas de 4�� ano, de duas escolas da Ilha da Madeira, experienciam o uso do computador em contexto escolar e se esse uso, �� luz das novas teorias da aprendizagem, promove alguma inova����o em termos pedag��gicos. Por termos resolvido abordar o problema indo ao encontro do sentir dos alunos,foc��mo-nos nas suas representa����es e atitudes, para captarmos relacionamentos espec��ficos na utiliza����o das ferramentas de informa����o e comunica����o, associadas ao computador e outros tipos de software did��ctico/educativo. Tivemos como sustent��culo o ponto de vista segundo o qual as crian��as de hoje est��o modificadas, consequ��ncia da evolu����o tecnol��gica, por sua vez as pessoas sujeitas �� ac����o educativa est��o a mudar as suas pr��ticas. Este �� um estudo explorat��rio, no qual utiliz��mos uma metodologia do tipo descritivo, que se enquadra no paradigma interpretativo da investiga����o qualitativa, baseada numa an��lise de conte��do tem��tica. Recorremos �� utiliza����o de t��cnicas de natureza qualitativa aplicada (observa����o naturalista, observa����o participante, entrevista directiva e semi-directiva). Os resultados obtidos mostram que h�� aspectos de natureza pessoal (educa����o dos alunos) e contextuais (relativos �� escola) associados a diferen��as na utiliza����o do computador. Destes destaca-se o contexto da escola, as suas condi����es materiais e humanas, o clima de trabalho e a dinamiza����o de actividades apoiadas por computador por parte dos docentes, que limitam o seu uso pelos alunos, dificultando a inova����o. N��o obstante foi vis��vel alguma ruptura com os paradigmas tradicionais: interac����es frequentes, o professor lan��a os desafios, d�� as ferramentas aos alunos, reconstr��i a sua ac����o e proporciona ambientes que facilitam uma aprendizagem construtiva. Aos poucos foram-se afirmando os aspectos da aprendizagem com as tecnologias o que permite modelagens de aprendizagens novas e s��o um recurso relevante tanto do ponto de vista da clareza e subst��ncia da informa����o, como da motiva����o. Os sinais detectados levam-nos a afirmar que o processo de mudan��a se encontra em marcha, ainda que de forma lenta, devido a uma estrutura muito enraizada do sistema de ensino e os alunos ao transportarem para o quotidiano das escolas os procedimentos intuitivos inerentes ��s tecnologias s��o os agentes principais de press��o para essa mudan��a.N��o acreditamos em solu����es ��ptimas, mas o empenho de todos n��s em melhorarmos o nosso conhecimento sobre a forma como se aprende, hoje em dia, com o advento do computador, ajudar�� a uma maior compreens��o e articula����o dos problemas existentes nas escolas. Facilitar��, ainda, as adapta����es curriculares a promover no 1�� Ciclo do Ensino B��sico, com vista �� adop����o de pr��ticas inovadoras que visem o uso da tecnologia de forma aliciante, desafiadora, eficaz e verdadeiramente educativa.

O impacto do uso do computador nas pr��ticas pedag��gicas do ensino fundamental I: o construcionismo como inova����o pedag��gica

O processo de inser����o do computador nas escolas p��blicas brasileiras decorre das pol��ticas de Inform��tica Educativa do Governo Federal, sendo o seu programa atual conhecido como Proinfo (Programa Nacional de Tecnologia Educacional). Esse programa tem, em seus objetivos principais, pretens��es de que sejam criados ambientes de aprendizagem inovadores decorrentes da inser����o do computador na educa����o e apresenta o Construcionismo como referencial te��rico principal nas suas prescri����es para a cria����o de tais ambientes. Uma Inova����o Pedag��gica seria uma ruptura com pr��ticas educacionais tradicionais, possibilitando a cria����o de ambientes de aprendizagem novos, onde o foco n��o estaria mais na transmiss��o de saber por parte do professor e, sim, na constru����o ativa do conhecimento por parte dos alunos. Uma pol��tica educacional (como o Proinfo, por exemplo), inova����es tecnol��gicas (como o computador) ou quaisquer outros fatores externos �� escola podem at�� apoiar as rupturas necess��rias a uma Inova����o Pedag��gica, mas esta n��o �� algo intr��nseco a tais fatores: a Inova����o vem de dentro da escola, �� algo constru��do em contexto pela a����o local dos professores e alunos. Visto que o computador n��o traz em si nenhuma pedagogia, podendo ser usado tanto para refor��ar pedagogias tradicionais quanto para potencializar uma Inova����o Pedag��gica e que esta n��o necessariamente decorrer�� das prescri����es presentes no Proinfo, o presente estudo objetivou analisar se as mudan��as que aconteceram nas pr��ticas pedag��gicas do Ensino Fundamental I (2��. ao 5��. ano), ap��s a inser����o do computador em sala de aula, representam uma Inova����o Pedag��gica ou n��o, assumindo-se como referencial de Inova����o Pedag��gica o mesmo referencial presente nas prescri����es do Proinfo, o Construcionismo. Foi realizada uma observa����o participante do cotidiano das aulas e do processo de inser����o do computador, entrevistas com alunos e professores bem como uma an��lise documental das prescri����es presentes nos livros do Proinfo.

O est��gio extracurricular remunerado no cuidar da enfermagem nos hospitais de ensino

OLIVEIRA,Jonas S��mi Albuquerque de; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz; MENEZES, Rejane Maria Paiva de MEDEIROS, Soraya Maria de. O est��gio extracurricular remunerado no cuidar da enfermagem nos hospitais de ensino. Revista Ga��cha de Enfermagem, Porto Alegre(RS),v.30,n.2, p.311-8,jun.2009.

O processo de enfermagem na concep����o de profissionais de Enfermagem de um hospital de ensino

Este estudo objetiva descrever as concep����es dos profi ssionais de Enfermagem sobre o processo de enfermagem, a fi m de embasar as a����es de implementa����o do processo na institui����o do estudo. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido durante uma pesquisa a����o, com a equipe de Enfermagem de um hospital pedi��trico de ensino. O processo de enfermagem �� concebido como um instrumento para organizar a assist��ncia e prescrever os cuidados de Enfermagem. As rotinas de trabalho evidenciam as atividades t��cnicas. As expectativas com a implementa����o do processo de enfermagem envolvem a melhoria da qualidade da assist��ncia. O estudo refor��a a import��ncia de incluir os membros da equipe de enfermagem, na implementa����o das etapas do processo de enfermagem e aponta o desafi o de enfrentar as rotinas tecnicistas

O computador no ensino de l��gnua inglesa no CEFET/RN

The present study has as goal to analyze the aplicability of the computational technology as mediator in the english-speaking teaching in the Centro Federal de Educa����o Tecnol��gica do Rio Grande do Norte-CEFET/RN. The object of study was centered in the use of the computer incorporated in the teaching of English by four institution groups. The research was ruled metodologically in the study of case, adopting a qualitative and quantitative boarding of interpretative-reflexive mark. We support ourselves on a bibliographical literature revision that cares of the use of the computational technology matter into the class-room, aiming an education new practice, regarding the current reality conceptions in what we live in the technological education. We also use a referencial for a pedagogical action, trying to offer subsidies for a practice that provides the knowledges generation through the interaction, aiming a subject reflexive and critical education. For materialization of this study, we used esrutuctured action, as interviews for the teachers and students, besides the observations of the dayly in class-room, in order to get the necessary datas for analysis. During this study, we oserved that the use of the computer, while pedagogical support instrument in the english-speaking teaching, has acted like mediator of the teaching-learning process. The results demonstrate use of the computer use has been each more a practice adopted by other institution languages teachers. The conclusions confirm the hypothesis showed at the beginning of the work and evidence that the teachers are warden of forming thinking, reflexive and critical subjects. For that, they need to be prepared to face situations in which they can take the pedagogical practice to tune with the technological advances, consequently providing an effective technological education

A educa����o no processo de trabalho da enfermagem: o caso do hospital de ensino

It is in the work environment that occurs the relations of production, economy, personal development and professional growth. Thus, this environment characterizes for being a propitious way to the intellectual development diligent them. In this context, this study it had as objective to analyze the possibilities and challenges of the education to consist integrant part of the process of work of the nursing, in an education hospital. One is about a research of analytical matrix and qualitative boarding, that had as collaborating fifteen professionals of the nursing, middle- and upper-level, of a hospital of education in Natal/RN. It followed the metodol��gicos estimated ones of the thematic verbal history, which looks for to promote the agreement or clarification of determined situations, catching experiences of made use people to say on aspects of its life, keeping a commitment with the social context. The information then had been gotten by means of a research instrument that made possible the accomplishment of interviews, which had been marked anticipatedly and counted on the assent of that in they had participated. The interviews had been recorded in proper equipment, so that you say them of the collaborators transcribing and they were analyzed with the support of pertinent literature. The content of you say them was classified in empirical categories, as the nuclei of felt that they presented. With the analysis of the data, one evidenced that the education in the process of work of the nursing is something possible to occur, but that diverse they are the challenges that the same one has that to face to promote this phenomenon in its daily one of work. The collaborators had affirmed that the worker is necessary to remain itself permanently in study so that, thus, it grows professionally and improves its assistance. They had still affirmed that she is possible to work and to study, but that this requires determination of who intends such intention. E also guarantees that the diverse forms of education directed toward the care in nursing can have resolution, since that has collective compromising of the institution. This, as education hospital, recognizes to be necessary to possess one politics of education for its workers and is if considering implementation the same one through a structuralized program already. Therefore, the results of this research show the necessity of changes in the current scene where if they find the workers of nursing of the institution in study. These changes can be reached through one politics of investment in the workers, allowing, beyond other benefits, the reach of new knowledge that take them to a significant learning in favor of the population, reflecting in the quality of the given assistance

Articula����o ensino/servi��o na vis��o de discentes de enfermagem

It is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach aimed at understanding the impact of the teaching / service between the Nursing College of University of Rio Grande do Norte (FAEN / UERN) and health services in the city of Mossor�� / RN on student s learning process. Hence, it was inquired to rescue and over-elaborate the trajectories experienced by students who were graduating in the year of 2009 the Nursing graduation course. It was used, as guidance tool a questionary with both open and objective questions to support the data collection. The data analysis was accomplished based on the precepts proposed by Bardin. The research revealed a clear need of bond establishments with the involvement of the students on services as well as professionals inserted on Academy, in a way that knowledge can be built collectively and the difficulties can be eased.

Viv��ncias de docentes de enfermagem no ensino do cuidar

Care, in a global perspective, appears in the main quarrels as the necessary phenomenon that will have to permeate the thoughts, the perception and values for the change that will lead to the overcoming of a paradigmatic crisis. The professional care was attributed, in elapsing of history, to the Nursing. Its historical evolution and articulation with the social processes, political and scientific in prominence place, in what it says respect to human well-being, not objectifying to cure, but to comfort, to complement the weak capacities and to the establishment the present capacities, alleviating pain, in other words, caring. The Teaching of care in Nursing, suffered great influences of the biomedical model, being like this, the education in Nursing has been criticized for if being valid pedagogical models incapable to promote the growth of the subjects, keeping it passive before your life processes, showing fragilities, attitudes and questionable behaviors, dissonances, appearing the imminence of an act of to care and to educate that needs to be considered as dialectical and intersubjective act. The objective of this research is to understand the lived experience of the nursing teachers in the Teaching of Care, in order to reflect about the insert of Nursing in the current world context, watching the dialetics of the Teaching of care and the paradigm changes in the section health. It is a phenomenological research that used the analysis of the located phenomenon, to obtain the units of meaning of the speech Nursing teachers about your experience lived in the Teaching of care. This study allowed the Nursing teachers could share your existences, senses and information on the interior of your pedagogic action exalting the interpretation, which appears intentionally in the conscience, emphasizing the pure experience of the be-professor, including emotions and affectivities in the teaching of care. In the construction of the results, three moments were devoted for discussion: Multidimensional Care; Care as Professional Practice; and the Teaching of care. The speeches had revealed rich, complex and for paradoxical times. The understanding of a sensitive teaching, that sometimes, arrives if to worry in rescuing the tenderness and the humanity, it is running into the other permeated speeches of fragilities, inconstancies, technifying, that showed lacks of pedagogic preparation. The Teaching of care needs to adopt a conception of education/learning and to use methodologies that can lead to an action liberating, capable to breach with traditional mooring cables and preconceptions or little healthful habits of life, favoring the use of methods that promote educating for the way of the sensitive, detaching aspects that they contribute for this end, as the intuition, the emotion, the creation, the perception and the sensibility. In this direction, it is considered important to deepen subjects that make possible the creation of care strategies and educational with the human being vision in your totality, therefore if it perceives that the necessary therapeutical boarding to be ampler, passing for the social individual, family and its relations

Sistematiza����o da assist��ncia de enfermagem (SAE) em um hospital pedi��trico de ensino: uma pesquisa-a����o

The incessant search if nurse for qualify nursing care makes the Nursing Assistance Systematization, a current topic of discussion throughout the country, not only in order to comply the legal requirements of their practice, but especially by the expected benefits of its application. In this meaning, this research had a qualitative approach, developed for a way of research-action. The general purpose was to analyze the change in the nursing practices in a pediatric teaching hospital, based on construction and implementation of Nursing Assistance Systematization by the nursing team. The results had the thematic analysis of Paulo Freire and were shown in the form of reports. To achieve these purposes, it began by steps pre-trial, to review the charts of the institution and an approach with the managers. In the situational diagnosis of nursing practices without the systematization followed by applying a questionnaire with a nursing team and a focal group with nurses. These ways supported the implementation stage of the Nursing Assistance Systematization which developed actions associate such as focal group with the nurses about the nursing history, capacity with the nursing team about the Nursing Assistance Systematization, development, application and reworking of printed, and discussions in the small groups. The evaluations of the changes after the actions of the research occurred through individual interview with the nurses, to check the results. The charts review confirmed the deficit in the records performed by the nurse on the chart, which reinforced the need for implementation of Nursing Assistance Systematization, an argument used on the meeting with the managers, who promptly agree with the search. The questionnaire and the focal group with the nurses reveal a process of nursing work without systematization, showing gaps in practices, but also obtained relate of expectations of improvements in quality of care as of Nursing Assistance Systematization, furnishing data to the development of ways following-up. The prints were gradually used and modified as the team understood the Nursing Assistance Systematization and its purposes through capacity course. The final evaluation pointed to the partial implementation of the stages of Nursing Assistance Systematization had been institutionalized at the history and the development of nursing, beyond difficulties with diagnosis and prescription of nursing, in later representing a paradigm shift. This search collaborated to change the view about the Nursing Assistance Systematization by nursing team at the institution had been revealed through introduction of new practices in the process of nursing work, as examination of physical exam of the patient, the interview in the admission of customers on service and the daily monitoring by nursing through development of nursing. Before addition, it was noted which the purposes of this search were achieved, since were analyzed the changes in the nursing practices with the systematization. The research-action achieved proposes of the involvement of nursing team in changing their practices. This search contributed to the implementation of the Nursing Assistance Systematization in a pediatric teaching hospital and showed which is possible to seek resolution of problems when the objective is of the group and gave access for further searches within this theme

A forma����o de conceitos no ensino de gradua����o em enfermagem �� luz da teoria da aprendizagem significativa

The Theory of Meaningful Learning (TML) described by David Paul Ausubel offers a proposal for the teaching strategies to provide a more active and effective student learning. The projection of the TML practice is demonstrated through the development of concept maps (CM) technique, created by Joseph Donald Novak, which presents as a strategy, method or schematic feature, which is an indicator to identify the cognitive organization of the knowledge acquired by students. The survey was conducted in the light of TML in relation to learning concepts involving students of undergraduate nursing in a public university in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, the study aimed to compare the concept learning of students of undergraduate nursing, when subjected to different forms of education, to point approaches that promote more effective and meaningful results. It was a quasi - experimental study with a qualitative analysis, conducted with students of the Undergraduate Nursing of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), approved by the Research Ethics Committee/UFRN Certification of Presention for Ethics Appreciation (CPEA) in 11706412.3.0000.5537. The study took place at two different times and involved content on complications mediate postoperative surgical wound in the same discipline with students who attended the 5th semester of the degree course in Nursing. For the viability of data collection, in the second half of 2013, we used the technique of CM, to represent the concept of complications mediate postoperative surgical wound covered in the classroom. CM were built at a different time from that of the discipline, with the support of tutors and preceded by a brief description and explanation about the form of preparation and application. In this study were subjected, 31 students of undergraduate nursing, registered in the discipline of Integral Attention to health I. In the first stage, 18 students participated in the survey, they had the teaching intervention based on TML, and in the second stage, all students participated in the lesson provided curriculum with the responsible teacher of the subject, on the same issue occurred. At the end of each meeting, the students 11 developed concept maps with the aid of software Cmap Tools��. Data analysis happened upon the technique of content analysis, supported by a conceptual map "glass", previously developed by researchers and aid in the preparation of the categories in which the concepts found were classified. The study found that the teaching intervention based on TML with the help of CM, managed to develop in students a more expressive teaching learning process than just classroom curriculum with the traditional teaching method, and also that the association between the intervention motion teaching with the traditional method and the use of the technique of CM encourages the student the ability to articulate the various acquired knowledge as well as apply them in real situations

O ensino de enfermagem gerontol��gica na forma����o do enfermeiro

At the current time of demographic changes in the world , it is observed that the health sector requires restructuring of its practices in caring for the elderly , in order to enable a comprehensive and humane care . In this sense, we identify the need for qualified professionals to assist the elderly and, therefore , it is important that training curricula are adequate to this reality . The study aims to analyze how it develops teaching gerontological nursing component in undergraduate nursing . This is a descriptive , exploratory study with a qualitative approach, in two higher education institutions in the city of Natal / RN . The population involved corresponded to the coordinators of graduate courses in nursing and teachers who teach content of health care for the elderly, a total of seven participants . The data collection instruments were used: a questionnaire containing questions related to the characterization of the participants and the teaching of gerontological nursing in undergraduate courses in nursing and a form with items of analysis for pedagogical projects . The results were presented descriptively in tables and analyzed from coming themes of the main themes of the instruments defined in: knowledge about the research participants , knowledge of teaching gerontological nursing component and knowledge of pedagogical projects , discussed under Resolution paragraph . 03 of 7/11/2001 , which establishes standards for the nursing program , the educational projects of educational institutions , the Theoretical Donald Shoon and thematically relevant literature . The results indicate that the majority of participants were female (four), all have graduate though , none of them stated in the qualification of aging or elderly health area; the organization of the contents of the component in the curriculum, workload theoretical- methodological and practical teaching strategies presented was heterogeneous and sometimes diverging at the same institution . On the definition of gerontological nursing component was identified that is not well defined along the pedagogical design of educational institutions surveyed . It was concluded that in the context of this study , teaching gerontological nursing is present in the course of nursing education, but needs reevaluation and updating in order to teach a wider range of driving and health practices