科学管理人类智慧的宝库──关于加强文献资源共建共享基本模式的初探

科学管理人类智慧的宝库──关于加强文献资源共建共享基本模式的初探梁伟（中国科学院沈阳应用生态所）自有文字以来，文献资源的积累就是人类智慧的巨大宝库。过去，一个人若要完全占有这个宝库，视天下文献资源为己所藏，为我所用，恐怕会被人笑为是狂人的幻想，而今这...

非工程措施在灾害防治中的重要作用

分析研究了灾害的危害和非工程措施在国民经济发展中的地位与作用 ,因地制宜的提出了几条防灾对策。

Distribution characteristics of (CS)-C-137 in wind-eroded soil profile and its use in estimating wind erosion modulus

Due to its inert reaction in soil system and distinctive vertical distribution in soil profile, caesium-137 (Cs-137) has been used as a tracer to assess wind erosion. In this study, 62 soil samples were collected from 4 sampling sites in Taipusi County, Inner Mongolia; Caesium-137 activities for those soil samples were measured using a gamma-ray spectrometry in Sichuan University, Chengdu. Distribution pattern of Cs-137 in vertical soil profile was different for different land use and land cover types. Caesium-137 was distributed homogeneously in plow layer of cropland, and negatively exponential in low to medium cover grassland. Distribution pattern in high covered grassland was represented by a peak at 2-4 cm soil depth followed by a negative exponential curve. Based on those findings, simplified mass balance model was chosen to estimate the rate of wind erosion for cropland, while profile distribution model was used for grassland. Estimated wind erosion rates were 7990, 4270 and 1808 Mg(.)km(-2.)a(-1) for cropland, low cover grassland and medium cover grassland, respectively. Wind erosion intensity correlated negatively with plant cover.

Hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on direct electrochemistry of soybean Peroxidase immobilized on single-walled carbon nanohorn modified electrode

Single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) were used as a novel and biocompatible matrix for fabricating biosensing devices. The direct immobilization of acid-stable and thermostable soybean peroxidase (SBP) on SWCNH modified electrode surface can realize the direct electrochemistry of enzyme. Cyclic voltammogram of the adsorbed SBP displays a pair of redox peaks with a formal potential of -0.24V in pH 5 phosphate buffer solution.

纳米AgBr/PMMA光致变色杂化材料制备与表征

采用本体聚合法制备了纳米AgBr/PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)光致变色杂化材料.XRD分析表明,纳米AgBr/PMMA杂化材料是无定形的.SEM分析表明,AgBr含量不同,杂化材料的断面形貌明显不同,随AgBr含量的增加,杂化材料由韧性断裂向脆性断裂转变.EDS面分析表明,Ag、Br元素在杂化材料中均匀分布.所制备的纳米AgBr/PMMA杂化材料具有一定的光致变色效应.

Voltammetric behavior of tetracine on glassy garbon electrode and its application

The anodic voltammetric behavior of anaesthetic tetracine and its application were studied. In 0.1 mol/L HClO4 solution, the potential of anodic peak for tetracine is 1.04 V(vs. Ag/AgCl) at a glassy carbon electrode. A linear relationship between the peak height and the concentration of tetracine in the range of 5 x 10(-4) similar to 1 x 10(-1) g/L was obtained. The peak current decreases with the decreasing acidity of the solution. the mehtod has been used for the direct determination of tetracine in injections. The average recoveries of tetracine in urine samples were 98.5%. The mechanism of the electrode reaction was also discussed.

丁卡因在玻碳电极上的伏安行为及测定

对丁卡因在玻碳电极上的伏安行为进行了研究,发现在0.1mol/L高氯酸溶液中,于1.04V(vs.Ag/AgCl)左右产生一个与丁卡因呈良好线性关系的阳极氧化伏安峰,大多数金属离子和20多种有机生化物质不干扰测定.方法用于注射针剂和加标尿样中丁卡因的测定,结果满意,对电极反应也进行了初步探讨.

Effect of physical aging on phenolphthalein polyethersulfone/poly(phenylene sulfide) blend .1. Mechanical properties

The effect of physical aging at 210 degrees C on the mechanical properties of phenolphthalein polyether sulfone (PES-C) and a PES-C/poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) blend, with 5% content of PPS, were studied using DMA, tensile experiments, an instrumented impact tester, and SEM observations. The blend shows good mechanical properties in comparison with the corresponding PES-C. The mechanical properties of both materials exhibit characteristics of physical aging, with only the aging rate of the blend relatively slower, which should be attributed to the constraint effect of PPS particles and the good interfacial adhesion. The morphology of the PPS phase in the blend did not change with aging time. The principal role of PPS particles is to induce crazes, which dissipate energy, under applied loading; thus, the blend shows good toughness. On the other hand, the multiple crazing mechanism depends on the molecular mobility or structural state of the matrix. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

GENERAL ALPHA-N INDEX AND ITS APPLICATION .1. GENERAL ALPHA-N INDEX AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE EXTRACTION OF Y, CE, U, AND TH BY NEUTRAL PHOSPHORUS EXTRACTANCTS

The general a(N) index is established for molecules containing heteroatoms, rings, and multiple bonds. The general a(N) index is able to describe molecules with minute differences in structure and can also reveal the properties of molecules. This theory is successfully applied to the case of neutral phosphorus extractants. Both the molecular polarity and steric effect are characterized by the general a(N) index. The relationships between these properties and the distribution ratios for extracting Y, Ce, U, and Th are also shown by the general a(N) index.

广义α_N指数及其应用——Ⅰ.广义α_N指数及其在中性磷萃取剂萃取Y、Ce、U和Th性能方面的应用

首先引进一般有机化合物的广义a_N指数,该指数能分辨有微小结构差别的有机化合物分子。在此基础上,计算了某些中性磷萃取剂的广义a_N指数。并将其与萃取性能进行相关分析,得到了满意的结果。

Molecular cloning and characterisation of prophenoloxidase (ProPO) cDNA from Fenneropenaeus chinensis and its transcription injected by Vibrio anguillarum

The prophenoloxidase(ProPO) gene was cloned from haemocytes of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis by Rapid Amplification Complementary DNA Ends (RACE) method. The full-length cDNA of prophenoloxidase gene consists of 3040 bp with a 2061 bp Open Reading Frame (ORF), encoding 686 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that it belongs to insect-type invertebrate prophenoloxidase gene family. To understand ProPO reaction for pathogeny's challenge in shrimp, the expressions of ProPO in different tissues were studied by real-time PCR after challenged by Vibrio anguillarum. The results showed that the expression level of ProPO gene in haemocytes was highest among three studied tissues including haemocytes, lymphoid organ and hepatopancreas. The time-course change of ProPO mRNA levels in challenge experiment showed that ProPO mRNA transcripts had the biggest change extent in lymphoid organ.