Elementos de la música folclórica como material musical en la composición: unión de la tradición y la academia en la composición contemporánea

La música folclórica más apegada a sus raíces es de tradición oral; la combinación de esta tradición con la música académica permite preservar, mediante el uso de las partituras, las músicas tradicionales de diferentes culturas del mundo -- En la música académica, se cuenta con referentes del uso de la música tradicional como una herramienta que brinda material que puede ser rítmico, melódico, armónico o tímbrico, entre otros -- La aproximación sonora al timbre de instrumentos tradicionales como el shehnai de la India, el morin jur de Mongolia, el Koto de Japón y el tiple de Colombia realizada con instrumentos acústicos occidentales de uso académico, es uno de los ejes de esta investigación; como producto de la misma se busca usar los elementos y el lenguaje propios de la tradición para la creación de ideas musicales, combinados con lenguajes de composición de los siglos XX y XXI que, a su vez, pueden ser o no fieles al carácter folclórico de cada cultura

Entre riscos e rabiscos: da leitura à representação (gráfica) de provérbios

De tradição oral e de origem remota, os provérbios circunscrevem a realidade cultural dos seus criadores e utilizadores. A sua riqueza reside, por um lado, na mensagem sintética e por isso, também, pragmática, ao ser utilizada como âncora em contextos específicos; reside, por outro lado, na construção de metáforas conceptuais, tradutoras de verdades e generalizações sedimentadas na observação empírica. É nestas que a língua portuguesa (LP) germina a dimensão cultural e permite a exploração de mundividências partilhadas, transparentes, translúcidas ou opacas. O trabalho que propomos apresentar descreve um conjunto de atividades realizadas com alunos do 5.o ao 8.o ano de escolaridade, no âmbito de um programa desenvolvido por um agrupamento de escolas da região de Viseu e uma instituição de ensino superior durante o ano letivo de 2013-2014. As atividades que propusemos implicaram considerar a LP a partir de diferentes prismas, perspetivando-a não só como código verbal, como herança cultural, mas também como espaço de criação e criatividade. Assim, a sedimentação de significados que foram construindo a LP é apresentada aos alunos como enigma a desvelar. Neste sentido, propomos a) analisar a representação gráfica de provérbios feita por alunos do ensino básico; b) refletir sobre a influência da LP na formação de provérbios em países de expressão portuguesa. A sua interpretação é padronizada, mas permeável a ambiguidades. Neste caso, e a partir da comparação de um exercício de equivalência entre provérbios representados pela variedade do português, revelamos a seleção dos alunos.

Oral cysticercosis: case report and review of the literature

Cysticercosis is a condition that occurs when man is infested by the larvae of Taenia solium, acting as an intermediate host instead of definitive. Oral cysticercosis is a rare event, and it represents a difficulty in clinical diagnosis. A case of oral cysticercosis in a 23-year-old white female who presented a painless swelling in the dorsal portion of the tongue is reported. An excisional biopsy was performed and histopathological examination revealed a cystic cavity containing the tapeworm.

Small intestinal inflammation following oral infection with Toxoplasma gondii does not occur exclusively in C57BL/6 mice: review of 70 reports from the literature

Small intestinal immunopathology following oral infection with tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii has been described in C57BL/6 mice. Seven days after infection, mice develop severe small intestinal necrosis and succumb to infection. The immunopathology is mediated by local overproduction of Th1-type cytokines, a so-called "cytokine storm". The immunopathogenesis of this pathology resembles that of inflammatory bowel disease in humans, i.e., Crohn's disease. In this review, we show that the development of intestinal pathology following oral ingestion of T. gondii is not limited to C57BL/6 mice, but frequently occurs in nature. Using a Pubmed search, we identified 70 publications that report the development of gastrointestinal inflammation following infection with T. gondii in 63 animal species. Of these publications, 53 reports are on accidental ingestion of T. gondii in 49 different animal species and 17 reports are on experimental infections in 19 different animal species. Thus, oral infection with T. gondii appears to cause immunopathology in a large number of animal species in addition to mice. This manuscript reviews the common features of small intestinal immunopathology in the animal kingdom and speculates on consequences of this immunopathology for humankind.

Oral findings in Midline Syndrome: a case report and literature review

We describe a female patient with a midline syndrome. The patient presents agenesis of the corpus callosum, encephalocele, iris coloboma, hypertelorism, submucosal cleft palate and dental anomalies. Despite being very characteristic, her phenotypical traits do not coincide exactly with those reported to date in the literature. The karyotype and the molecular cytogenetic study do not show mutations. We identify the presence of dental anomalies in the mother and other family members, not being identified MSX1 and PAX9 mutations that could the related with their etiology. Despite the fact that dental agenesis has been related to a large number of other malformation syndromes and congenital conditions, dental anomalies have only rarely been mentioned when reporting midline syndromes. These dental phenotypical traits, present in the patient and her family, could be considered part of the midline syndrome in carriers as well as in the patients.

Relationship between oral cancer and implants: clinical cases and systematic literature review

The use of implants for oral rehabilitation of edentulous spaces has recently been on the increase, which has also led to an increase in complications such as peri-implant inflammation or peri-implantitis. Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for developing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Objectives: To review the literature of cases that associate implant placement with the development of oral cancer. Study design: We present two clinical cases and a systematic review of literature published on the relationship between oral cancer and implants. Results: We found 13 articles published between the years 1996 and 2009, referencing 18 cases in which the osseointegrated implants are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Of those, 6 articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Of the 18 cases reported, only 7 cases did not present a previous history of oral cancer or cancer in other parts of the body. Conclusions: Based on the review of these cases, a clear cause-effect relationship cannot be established, although it can be deduced that there is a possibility that implant treatment may constitute an irritant and/or inflammatory cofactor which contributes to the formation and/or development of OSCC.

Inverted ductal papilloma of the oral cavity secondary to lower lip trauma. A case report and literature review

Inverted ductal papilloma of the oral cavity is an infrequent benign neoplasm of papillary appearance that originates in the secretory duct of a salivary gland. The etiology is unknown, though some authors have related it to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman with a tumor of the lower lip mucosa. Histopathological study of the lesion diagnosed inverted ductal papilloma of the oral cavity. Human papillomavirus DNA detection and typing based on tumor lesion DNA amplification and posterior hybridization, revealed no presence of viral DNA. The antecedents of trauma reported by the patient could have played an important role in the development of this tumor

Tuberous sclerosis complex with oral manifestations: A case report and literature review

Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous syndrome produced by a number of genetic mutations. The disease is characterized by the development of benign tumors affecting different body systems. The most common oral manifestations of TSC are fibromas, gingival hyperplasia and enamel hypoplasia. Clinical Case: A 35-year-old woman diagnosed with TSC presented with a reactive fibroma of considerable size and rapid growth in the region of the right lower third molar. Discussion: In the present case the association of TSC with dental malpositioning gave rise to a rapidly evolving reactive fibroma of considerable diameter. Few similar cases can be found in the literature. Patients with TSC present mutations of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, which intervene in cell cycle regulation and are important for avoiding neoplastic processes. No studies have been found associating TSC with an increased risk of oral cancer, though it has been shown that the over-expression of TSC2 could exert an antitumor effect. Careful oral and dental hygiene, together with regular visits to the dentist, are needed for the prevention and early detection of any type of oral lesion. The renal, pulmonary and cardiac alterations often seen in TSC must be taken into account for the correct management of these patients.

Verruciform xanthoma of the oral mucosa. Report of four cases and a review of the literature

We present four new cases of verruciform xanthoma (VX) in the oral mucosa and review the literature. Clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features of four new cases of VX were analysed together with cases found in a review of the literature. Expression of CD-68 was studied by immunohistochemistry. Only 162 cases were reported in the oral mucosa. Ninety were males (55.5%) and 72 were females (44.5%). Mean age was 44.9 years. The majority of cases occurred in masticatory mucosa (69.7%). Our cases exhibited papillary or verrucous proliferation of squamous epithelium associated with hyperparakeratosis and with numerous foamy cells confined to the lamina propria papillae. Foamy cells were positive to CD-68 antibody, showing a macrophagic nature. VX is a rare benign lesion, and is probably inflammatory. However, its aetiology and pathological mechanisms remain unknown. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Oral verruciform xanthoma: a case report and literature review

Oral verruciform xanthoma represents an uncommon entity, which affects mainly oral mucosa. This paper presents the major clinical and histological features of oral verruciform xanthoma and reports a case on the tongue. The differential diagnosis and a literature review are also provided in light of recent information.

Using Prior Information from the Medical Literature in GWAS of Oral Cancer Identifies Novel Susceptibility Variant on Chromosome 4-the AdAPT Method

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) require large sample sizes to obtain adequate statistical power, but it may be possible to increase the power by incorporating complementary data. In this study we investigated the feasibility of automatically retrieving information from the medical literature and leveraging this information in GWAS. Methods: We developed a method that searches through PubMed abstracts for pre-assigned keywords and key concepts, and uses this information to assign prior probabilities of association for each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with the phenotype of interest - the Adjusting Association Priors with Text (AdAPT) method. Association results from a GWAS can subsequently be ranked in the context of these priors using the Bayes False Discovery Probability (BFDP) framework. We initially tested AdAPT by comparing rankings of known susceptibility alleles in a previous lung cancer GWAS, and subsequently applied it in a two-phase GWAS of oral cancer. Results: Known lung cancer susceptibility SNPs were consistently ranked higher by AdAPT BFDPs than by p-values. In the oral cancer GWAS, we sought to replicate the top five SNPs as ranked by AdAPT BFDPs, of which rs991316, located in the ADH gene region of 4q23, displayed a statistically significant association with oral cancer risk in the replication phase (per-rare-allele log additive p-value [p(trend)] = 2.5 x 10(-3)). The combined OR for having one additional rare allele was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90), and this association was independent of previously identified susceptibility SNPs that are associated with overall UADT cancer in this gene region. We also investigated if rs991316 was associated with other cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), but no additional association signal was found. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential utility of systematically incorporating prior knowledge from the medical literature in genome-wide analyses using the AdAPT methodology. AdAPT is available online (url: http://services.gate.ac.uk/lld/gwas/service/config).

Pulse or hyaline ring granuloma. Review of the literature on etiopathogenesis of oral and extraoral lesions

Since the late 1950s, reports on an unusual giant-cell granulomatous lesion affecting the jaws, lungs, stomach and intestines have been published. Histopathologically, the lesions showed the presence of structureless hyaline rings with multinucleated giant cells. The aim of this review was to summarize the literature on the etiopathogenesis of the so-called oral and extraoral pulse or hyaline ring granuloma. Literature was searched using PubMed and Medline. In addition, hand search was performed. Search words were oral and extraoral hyaline ring granuloma, giant-cell hyaline angiopathy, pulse granuloma and chronic periostitis. Numerous terms for hyaline ring granuloma have been introduced over time (1971-2008). One hundred seventy-three cases of oral hyaline ring granuloma have been retrieved from the literature. In the mandible, 72.3% occurred . Two theories for etiopathogenesis have been proposed: (1) the origin of the hyaline rings is due to a foreign material (pulse and legumes) having penetrated the oral mucosa or gastrointestinal tract and lungs (exogenous theory) and (2) the rings are due to hyaline degenerative changes in walls of blood vessels (endogenous theory). Experimental production of oral and extraoral hyaline ring granulomas is consistent with the exogenous origin. Particles or remains of leguminous cells having been implanted or aspirated into human tissues whether located to the oral cavity or throughout the entire digestive tract and respiratory system are thought to be causative. Pulse or hyaline ring granulomas are rare but are well-defined oral and extraoral lesions due to implantation of the cellulose moiety of plant foods in contrast to the starch components.