Transcription factors expressed in soybean roots under drought stress

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

SINDROME DE DUBOWITZ

A presentation of two cases of Dubowitz syndrome in monozigous twin girls. The syndrome is a rare congenital disorder, the main clinical aspects of which include retarded intrauterine and post-natal growth, microcephaly, peculiar face and an eczemic rash, resulting from photosensitivity of the regions exposed to sunlight.

Bone healing in surgically created defects treated with either bioactive glass particles, a calcium sulfate barrier, or a combination of both materials: A histological and histometric study in rat tibias

Objective: The purpose of this study was to histologically analyze the influence of bioactive glass and/or a calcium sulfate barrier on bone healing in surgically created defects in rat tibias. Material and methods: Sixty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: C (control), CS (calcium sulfate), BG (bioactive glass), and BG/CS (bioactive glass/calcium sulfate). A surgical defect was created in the tibia of each animal. In Group CS, a calcium sulfate barrier was placed to cover the defect. In Group BG the defect was filled with bioactive glass. In Group BG/CS, it was filled with bioactive glass and protected by a barrier of calcium sulfate. Animals were sacrificed at 10 or 30 days post-operative. The formation of new bone in the cortical area of the defect was evaluated histomorphometrically. Results: At 10 days post-operative, Group C presented significantly more bone formation than Groups CS, BG, or BG/CS. No statistically significant differences were found between the experimental groups. At 30 days post-operative, Group C demonstrated significantly more bone formation than the experimental groups. Groups CS and BG/CS showed significantly more bone formation than Group BG. No statistically significant differences were found between Group CS and BG/CS. Conclusions: (a) the control groups had significantly more bone formation than the experimental groups; (b) at 10 days post-operative, no significant differences were found between any of the experimental groups; and (c) at 30 days post-operative, the groups with a calcium sulfate barrier had significantly more bone formation than the group that used bioactive glass only. Copyright © Blackwell Munksgaard 2005.

Socio-demographic analysis of youth in the Caribbean- a three country case study

Many Caribbean youth are doing reasonably well. They live in loving and caring families, attend school and are involved in various social activities in their communities. The health and well-being of the children and youth1 in the Caribbean is, and has been, the centre of attention of many studies, meetings and policy directives set at the regional, subregional and national levels. Programmes have been put in place to address the basic needs of young children in the areas of health and education and to provide guidance and directives to youth and adolescents in the area of professional formation and transition to adulthood. Critical issues such as reproductive health and family planning combined with access to education and information on these topics have been promoted to some extent. And finally, the Caribbean is known for rather high school enrolment rates in primary education that hardly show any gender disparities. While the situation is still good for some, growing numbers of children and youth cannot cope anymore with the challenges experienced quite early in their lives. Absent parents, instable care-taking arrangements, violence and aggression subjected to at home, in schools and among their friends, lack of a perspective in schools and the labour-market, early sexual initiation and teenage pregnancies are some of those issues faced by a rising number of young persons in this part of the world. Emotional instability, psychological stress and increased violence are one of the key triggers for increased violence and involvement in crime exhibited by ever younger youth and children. Further, the region is grappling with rising drop-out rates in secondary education, declining quality schooling in the classrooms and increasing numbers of students who leave school without formal certification. Youth unemployment in the formal labour market is high and improving the quality of professional formation along with the provision of adequate employment opportunities would be critical to enable youth to complete consistently and effectively the transition into adulthood and to take advantage of the opportunities to develop and use their human capital in the process. On a rather general note, the region does not suffer from a shortage of policies and programmes to address the very specific needs of children and youth, but the prominent and severe lack of systematic analysis and monitoring of the situation of children, youth and young families in the Caribbean does not allow for targeted and efficient interventions that promise successful outcomes on the long term. In an effort to assist interested governments to fill this analytical gap, various initiatives are underway to enhance data collection and their systematic analysis2. Population and household censuses are conducted every decade and a variety of household surveys, such as surveys of living conditions, labour force surveys and special surveys focusing on particular sub-groups of the population are conducted, dependent on the resources available, to a varying degree in the countries of the region. One such example is the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)-funded Multi-Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) that assess the situation of children and youth in a country. Over the past years and at present, UNICEF has launched a series of surveys in a number of countries in the Caribbean3. But more needs to be done to ensure that the data available is analyzed to provide the empirical background information for evidence-based policy formulation and monitoring of the efficiency and effectiveness of the efforts undertaken.

Resposta humoral, carga parasitária e avaliação histopatológica na infecção experimental por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi em camundongos BALB/c imunossuprimidos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Utilização de enxerto de tecido conjuntivo no tratamento de lesões periodontais infra-ósseas proximais: avaliação clínica, radiográfica e histomorfométrica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação dos efeitos da terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana com o fotossensibilizador ftalocianina-glucamina como terapia adjunta no tratamento da doença periodontal induzida em ratos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Short periods of food restriction do not affect growth, survival or muscle development on pacu larvae

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Platelet-Rich Plasma Derived From Bone Marrow Aspirate Promotes New Cementum Formation

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A criança de 01 a 03 anos: uma reflexão sobre a evolução da imitação no processo de formação do eu

This investigation aims to observe play contents and elements that make it possible to notice if a child is at the imitation stage. First of all, this study reviews Piaget’s findings about the origins of imitation, and how it develops into representation. After that, “game” is analyzed in order to understand the cognitive representation and how children develop the ability to use symbols. Based on these assumptions, a study was developed into a public school (Profª Maria Teixeira Fittipaldi) with 9 children, aged between 1 to 3. Methodology included the observation of play and activity time; a diary to record the observations; and the analysis of the collected data, based on Piaget’s research into the classification and development of symbolic play. The results show that all observed situations were at the “first stage”, which reveal the apogee of ludic symbolism, and that the kind of game varied according to the child’s age. Moreover, it was possible to notice the importance of symbolic play at preschool, since it triggers world knowledge development and helps interpersonal relationship growth.

Resistência ao cisalhamento de bráquetes fotopolimerizados com arco de plasma, LED e luz halógena utilizando diferentes tempos

This study evaluated in vitro the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with xenon plasma arc light, light-emitting diode (LED) and conventional halogen light using different curing times. Brackets were bonded to the buccal surface of 60 human maxillary premolars allocated to five groups. In groups 1 and 2, the resin was cured with the plasma arc for three and six seconds (s), respectively; in groups 3 and 4, the LED was used for five and ten s, respectively; and in group 5, the halogen light was used for 40 s. The specimens were stored in water for 24 hours and subjected to a shear force until bracket failure. The debonding pattern was classified according to the adhesive remnant index (ARI). The results were assessed by Anova and the SNK post-hoc test. No differences were detected among groups 2, 4 and 5, which showed higher averages than groups 1 and 3, which were not different between themselves. The ARI scores showed no differences among the three types of light sources in all times tested. Plasma arc and LED lights can be used with shorter curing times, within certain limits, than conventional halogen light for bonding orthodontic brackets, without decreasing bond strength.

Estratégias de enfrentamento em crianças em situação pré-cirúrgica: relação com idade, sexo, experiência com cirurgia e estresse

This study's aim was to verify coping strategies among children aged between 7 and 12 years old who will be experiencing surgery and the potential relationship of coping strategies with sociodemographic variables, stress in children and in companions, and the child's prior experience with surgery. A total of 58 children hospitalized and waiting for elective surgeries responded to the Assessment Instrument of Coping to Hospitalization and an instrument to assess stress. The companion received a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory. Problem-solving strategies and distraction were the most frequent strategies used, while social withdrawal and opposition were the least frequent. Girls and children of stressful parents used emotion regulation strategies with significantly more frequency. Likewise, greater cognitive restructuring was observed in older children and those with prior experience with surgeries. The results show the need to consider the studied variables when developing pre-operative preparation programs.

Perfil de aptidão cardiorrespiratória em corredores jovens pela cinética do VO2 em testes progressivos e retangulares

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Stress amplifies lung tissue mechanics, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by chronic inflammation

Background: Mechanisms linking behavioral stress and inflammation are poorly understood, mainly in distal lung tissue. Objective: We have investigated whether the forced swim stress (FS) could modulate lung tissue mechanics, iNOS, cytokines, oxidative stress activation, eosinophilic recruitment, and remodeling in guinea pigs (GP) with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Methods: The GP were exposed to ovalbumin or saline aerosols (2x/wk/4wks, OVA, and SAL). Twenty-four hours after the 4th inhalation, the GP were submitted to the FS protocol (5x/wk/2wks, SAL-S, and OVA-S). Seventy-two hours after the 7th inhalation, lung strips were cut and tissue resistance (Rt) and elastance (Et) were obtained (at baseline and after OVA and Ach challenge). Strips were submitted to histopathological evaluation. Results: The adrenals' weight, the serum cortisol, and the catecholamines were measured. There was an increase in IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-gamma, iNOS, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and in %Rt and %Et after Ach challenge in the SAL-S group compared to the SAL one. The OVA-S group has had an increase in %Rt and %Et after the OVA challenge, in %Et after the Ach and in IL-4, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and actin compared to the OVA. Adrenal weight and cortisol serum were increased in stressed animals compared to nonstressed ones, and the catecholamines were unaltered. Conclusion & clinical relevance: Repeated stress has increased distal lung constriction, which was associated with an increase of actin, IL-4, and 8-iso-PGF2 alpha levels. Stress has also induced an activation of iNOS, cytokines, and oxidative stress pathways.

Catch-up growth in children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot

Purpose: To evaluate the growth of children after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot, as well as the influence of residual lesions and socio-economic status. Methods: A total of 17 children, including 10 boys with a median age of 16 months at surgery, were enrolled in a retrospective cohort, in a tertiary care university hospital. Anthropometric (as z-scores), clinical, nutritional, and social data were collected. Results: Weight-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores decreased pre-operatively and recovered post-operatively in almost all patients, most markedly weight for age. Weight-for-height z-scores improved, but were still lower than birth values in the long term. Long-term height-for-age z-scores were higher than those at birth, surgery, and 3 months post-operatively. Most patients showed catch-up growth for height for age (70%), weight for age (82%), and weight for height (70%). Post-operative residual lesions (76%) influenced weight-for-age z-scores. Despite the fact that most patients (70%) were from low-income families, energy intake was above the estimated requirement for age and gender in all but one patient. There was no influence of socio-economic status on pre- and post-operative growth. Bone age was delayed and long-term-predicted height was within mid-parental height limits in 16 children (93%). Conclusion: Children submitted to Tetralogy of Fallot repair had pre-operative acute growth restriction and showed post-operative catch-up growth for weight and height. Acute growth restriction could still be present in the long term.