Differenzierung von Kammmuscheln durch DNA-Analyse

Abstract In the last years scallops have reached a considerable popularity and the import of scallops into the EU has increased about 20 % over the last fi ve years from some 50.000 t to nearly 63.000 t in the year 2010. Scallops are fi shed or farmed, and traded as fresh or deep frozen product. Recently investigation of scallop products of various origins by determining the species using molecular biological techniques showed that the species had been mislabelled in a considerable proportion of samples. Determination of the species was performed by PCR-based DNA-analysis of mitochondrial DNA followed by (i) sequencing the PCR product and (ii) comparison of the DNA sequence with entries in GenBank using BLAST. The deduced sequences of the analysed samples were considerably different from each other allowing the unambiguous assignment of samples to a certain species. Kurzfassung Die Nachfrage von Kammmuscheln in der EU hat in den letzten fünf Jahren erheblich zugenommen. Der Import stieg von knapp 53.000 t im Jahr 2005 um 20% auf annähernd 63.000 t im Jahr 2010. Gehandelt werden Kammmuscheln sowohl als frische als auch als Tiefkühlware aus Wildfängen und Aquakultur. Untersuchungen von Kammmuschel-Proben aus verschiedenen Ursprungsländern und Bestimmung der Spezies auf molekularbiologischer Basis zeigten, dass ein erheblicher Anteil der Proben falsch deklariert war. Die Bestimmung der Spezies erfolgte durch Vervielfältigung eines Abschnitts des 16S rRNA Gens durch Polymerase- Kettenreaktion (PCR), anschließender Sequenzanalyse der PCR-Produkte und Vergleich der DNA Sequenzen untereinander und mit Dateneintragungen in GenBank. Die DNA-Sequenzen der ermittelten Abschnitte der 16S rRNA der Proben unterschieden sich erheblich voneinander und erlaubten eine eindeutige Zuordnung zu jeweils einer Spezies.

Copépodes pélagiques du plateau ivoirien. Utilisation de I'analyse des correspondances dans l'étude des variations saisonnières

Several 'analyses factorielles des correspondences' were used with the numerical data of planktonic copepods issued from a 1 year sampling programme at different stations of the Ivorian shelf. The main results were the following: (1) 'Ecological seasons' approximately corresponding to hydrological seasons may be defined for planktonic populations. (2) Each 'season' is characterized by one group of species, whose maximum abundance occurs in this period. (3) The same definition of ecological season is obtained whether all species present are used or whether only the most important ones are used. (4) The first principal axes may be interpreted as temperature and salinity or as the station's distance from shore.

El Musteriense de la cueva de Harregi en Aussurucq, Soule (Excavaciones: Pierre Roucher, 1954-1960)

[ES] La cueva de Harregi (Aussurucq, Pays de Soule), excavada por P. Boucher entre 1954 y 1960, contiene testimonios prehistóricos del Paleolítico medio, superior y Postpaleolítico. En este artículo se analizan las evidencias de fauna e industria lítica asimiladas al Paleolítico medio. Importantes alteraciones estratigráficas postdeposicionales modificaron la original posición topográfica de la mayor parte de los depósitos musterienses. La composición global del lote industrial y de la serie faunística recuerdan intensamente a los controlados en los niveles musterienses Cj y Cjr de la muy cercana cueva de Gatzarria. Ello hace, bien plantear la posibilidad de una antigua organización estratigráfica y arqueológica de los depósitos musterienses como la de Gatzarria, lamentablemente perturbada por serios procesos hídricos erosivos, bien contemplar el hecho de una secuencia diferente, propia y, en cierta forma, contradictoria con la dinámica reconocida en Gatzarria.

Estudio de una serie musteriense de La Quina (Charente, Francia): el ejemplo de la trinchera C (excavaciones DR. L. y G. Henri-Martin)

[ES] El análisis de una serie industrial correspondiente a los cinco niveles arqueológicos de la trinchera C de La Quina (Charente, Francia), proveniente de las excavaciones del Dr. L. Henri-Martin y de G. Henri-Martin, pone de manifiesto, junto a la caracterización del conjunto estratigráfico por la presencia de raederas, el progresivo incremento de los denticulados en el devenir temporal. Este hecho asociado a otros particulares fenómenos secundarios (en el alargamiento de las formas, en la tipología de las raederas, en la elaboración del retoque, ... ) traducen una complicación diacrónica creciente en la dinámica de este complejo musteroide, presagiando, quizás, su relativa afinidad con el proceso leptolitizante de las series industriales evolucionadas del Paleolítico medio.

Dinâmica socioeconômica do município de Macaé/RJ: uma análise do mercado de trabalho formal após a quebra do monopólio na exploração do petróleo

Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar as transformações socioeconômicas, com ênfase na dinâmica do mercado de trabalho, que ocorreram no município de Macaé, principalmente após a promulgação da Lei n 9.478, de 06/08/1997. Esta lei acabou com o monopólio da petrobras no que concerne a prospecção de petróleo atraindo para a região inúmeras empresas multinacionais. A importância do estudo deste municípío se deve ao fato de Macaé exercer um importante papel economico na retomada do crescimento da economia do Estado do Rio de Janeiro em funçaõ da indústria petrolífera e seus impactos estarem além de suas fronteiras, repercurtindo em toda a região norte fluminense e municípios da baixada litorãnea. Outro aspecto abordado é a forma como a região norte fluminense sempre esteve ligada aos projetos de desenvolvimento de nosso país, principalmente no que diz respeito a políticas energéticas, como o proálcool e o petróleo. Macaé tornou-se um pólo econômico muito forte para o capital porém, as contradições do sistema capítalista caminham na mesma proporção que o dinheiro do petróleo, logo as desigualdades sociais despontam de maneira muito forte e o mercado de trabalho local reflete esta contradição.

CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURES AND MS ANALYSE OF beta-CARBOXYLETHYL (OR alpha-METHYLETHYL) GERMANIUM TRICHLORIDES

This paper reports the results of the crystal and molecular structures, CI-MS and FAB-MS analyse of Cl3GeCH2CH2COOH and Cl3GeCH(CH3)CH2COOH. The characters and active parts of these molecules are also discussed

Utilisation du sisvar dans l'analyse de données expérimentales.

2013

Multifunktionalitaet rekurrenter neuronaler Netze - Synthese und Analyse nichtlinearer Kontrolle autonomer Roboter

Huelse, Martin, Multifunktionalitaet rekurrenter neuronaler Netze - Synthese und Analyse nichtlinearer Kontrolle autonomer Roboter, DISKI 306, AKA GmbH, Germany, January 2007, ISBN: 978-3-89838-306-6, 216 pp.

La pensée Sensible

Tese apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Sociais, especialidade em Psicologia

Analyse phytogéographique comparative des savanes et des forêts de Ngotto (République Centrafricaine)

After several investigations on the savanna and forest of Ngotto (Central African Republic), we propose a phytogeographical interpretation of our data on the systematic (level family), the biological forms, the dispersion of diaspores and phytogeographical elements spectra. These spectra are given regarding both formation type (savanna, forest) to appreciate their originality. Then, a comparaison is driven in order to set up the differences between these two formations.

Les derniers écueils vers la parité politique en Belgique: Une analyse des élections régionales de 2004

In Belgium, gender-parity has been compulsory for all party lists (in local, regional, federal and European elections) for several years. As a result, the proportion of women has risen from a fourth up to a third of the deputies. Yet, strict parity is still far from realised. This article seeks to establish what causes this glass ceiling, namely the parties' reluctance to place female candidates in the top positions or even as the front-runner. In a proportional representation system with half-open lists, and especially when the constituencies are small, this automatically leads to a smaller proportion of women among the elected deputies. One important reason for the parties' reluctance to rank female candidates higher is their assumption that women are less effective as "election locomotives" than men. However, the analysis of the Belgian election results makes clear that this is not the case. Female candidates in top positions are as successful as their male counterparts. © (2008) Swiss Political Science Review.