Pedagogical Appropriation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by West African Educators = Appropriation pédagogique des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) par les éducateurs ouest-africains

Œuvre dédiée à Alioune Camara; merci au Prof. Denis Dougnon de l’Université de Bamako pour le parrainage

Risco e regulação emocional em idade pré-escolar: A qualidade das interações dos educadores de infância como potencial moderador

A investigação tem demonstrado que as crianças em desvantagem social enfrentam muitos desafios e estão mais vulneráveis a desenvolver dificuldades ao nível da regulação emocional, sendo extremamente relevante identificar fatores protetores que moderem esta vulnerabilidade, de modo a identificar formas de alterar as trajetórias desenvolvimentais. No presente estudo, foi analisado o papel moderador das interações do educador de infância no desenvolvimento da regulação emocional. Os participantes incluíram 345 crianças em idade pré-escolar de dois ambientes sociais distintos: em risco sociocultural (n=183) e em situação de não risco sociocultural. A regulação emocional foi avaliada através de um questionário ao educador, o Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC; Shields & Cichetti, 1997). A qualidade das interações do educador de infância com as crianças foi observada através de uma escala de observação, o Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS; Pianta, La Paro & Hamre, 2008). Os educadores avaliaram ainda a sua relação com cada criança participante através da Student-Teacher Rating Scale (STRS; Pianta, 2001). Análises multi-grupo multinível indicaram que no grupo de crianças de risco socicultural, em salas em que os educadores de infância estabeleciam interações com mais qualidade a nível emocional e organizacional, as crianças demonstraram competências de regulação emocional mais elevadas, o que sugere o importante papel das interações dos educadores de infância com as crianças no desenvolvimento da regulação emocional.

A importância da afetividade na relação pedagógica e na constituição do clima de aula/turma do 1ºCEB

Dissertação do Relatório de Estágio, apresentado à Escola Superior de educação, do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.

Pedagogical Appropriation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) by West African Educators = Appropriation pédagogique des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) par les éducateurs ouest-africains

Œuvre dédiée à Alioune Camara; merci au Prof. Denis Dougnon de l’Université de Bamako pour le parrainage

The teaching of reading English in a foreign language in Libyan universities: methods and models

This study focuses on the learning and teaching of Reading in English as a Foreign Language (REFL), in Libya. The study draws on an action research process in which I sought to look critically at students and teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Libya as they learned and taught REFL in four Libyan research sites. The Libyan EFL educational system is influenced by two main factors: the method of teaching the Holy-Quran and the long-time ban on teaching EFL by the former Libyan regime under Muammar Gaddafi. Both of these factors have affected the learning and teaching of REFL and I outline these contextual factors in the first chapter of the thesis. This investigation, and the exploration of the challenges that Libyan university students encounter in their REFL, is supported by attention to reading models. These models helped to provide an analytical framework and starting point for understanding the many processes involved in reading for meaning and in reading to satisfy teacher instructions. The theoretical framework I adopted was based, mainly and initially, on top-down, bottom-up, interactive and compensatory interactive models. I drew on these models with a view to understanding whether and how the processes of reading described in the models could be applied to the reading of EFL students and whether these models could help me to better understand what was going on in REFL. The diagnosis stage of the study provided initial data collected from four Libyan research sites with research tools including video-recorded classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with teachers before and after lesson observation, and think-aloud protocols (TAPs) with 24 students (six from each university) in which I examined their REFL reading behaviours and strategies. This stage indicated that the majority of students shared behaviours such as reading aloud, reading each word in the text, articulating the phonemes and syllables of words, or skipping words if they could not pronounce them. Overall this first stage indicated that alternative methods of teaching REFL were needed in order to encourage ‘reading for meaning’ that might be based on strategies related to eventual interactive reading models adapted for REFL. The second phase of this research project was an Intervention Phase involving two team-teaching sessions in one of the four stage one universities. In each session, I worked with the teacher of one group to introduce an alternative method of REFL. This method was based on teaching different reading strategies to encourage the students to work towards an eventual interactive way of reading for meaning. A focus group discussion and TAPs followed the lessons with six students in order to discuss the 'new' method. Next were two video-recorded classroom observations which were followed by an audio-recorded discussion with the teacher about these methods. Finally, I conducted a Skype interview with the class teacher at the end of the semester to discuss any changes he had made in his teaching or had observed in his students' reading with respect to reading behaviour strategies, and reactions and performance of the students as he continued to use the 'new' method. The results of the intervention stage indicate that the teacher, perhaps not surprisingly, can play an important role in adding to students’ knowledge and confidence and in improving their REFL strategies. For example, after the intervention stage, students began to think about the title, and to use their own background knowledge to comprehend the text. The students employed, also, linguistic strategies such as decoding and, above all, the students abandoned the behaviour of reading for pronunciation in favour of reading for meaning. Despite the apparent efficacy of the alternative method, there are, inevitably, limitations related to the small-scale nature of the study and the time I had available to conduct the research. There are challenges, too, related to the students’ first language, the idiosyncrasies of the English language, the teacher training and continuing professional development of teachers, and the continuing political instability of Libya. The students’ lack of vocabulary and their difficulties with grammatical functions such as phrasal and prepositional verbs, forms which do not exist in Arabic, mean that REFL will always be challenging. Given such constraints, the ‘new’ methods I trialled and propose for adoption can only go so far in addressing students’ difficulties in REFL. Overall, the study indicates that the Libyan educational system is underdeveloped and under resourced with respect to REFL. My data indicates that the teacher participants have received little to no professional developmental that could help them improve their teaching in REFL and skills in teaching EFL. These circumstances, along with the perennial problem of large but varying class sizes; student, teacher and assessment expectations; and limited and often poor quality resources, affect the way EFL students learn to read in English. Against this background, the thesis concludes by offering tentative conclusions; reflections on the study, including a discussion of its limitations, and possible recommendations designed to improve REFL learning and teaching in Libyan universities.

Relatório no âmbito da unidade curricular prática de ensino supervisionada

O presente relatório, que será apresentado à Universidade de Évora, foi elaborado no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado em Ensino de Português e de Espanhol, para o 3.º ciclo do ensino básico e ensino secundário, e resulta da reflexão da prática letiva realizada na Escola Básica de Alcáçovas, do Agrupamento de Escolas de Viana do Alentejo, no ano letivo de 2014/2015. Numa primeira parte, são revisitados os principais documentos legais orientadores da prática letiva, relativos ao ensino das línguas materna e estrangeira. Num segundo momento, após uma breve caracterização da Escola e do Agrupamento, dá-se a conhecer o trabalho realizado com os alunos do terceiro ciclo do ensino básico, enquanto professora de Português, fazendo-se simultaneamente uma reflexão sobre as escolhas pedagógicas efetuadas. Posteriormente, apresentam-se as atividades dinamizadas, os cargos desempenhados na Escola e no Agrupamento e faz-se um balanço do caminho percorrido até ao presente; Supervised Teaching Practise Report ABSTRACT: This report, which will be presented to the University of Évora, was elaborated within the context of the Master degree in Portuguese and Spanish teaching for the 3rd cycle of elementary and secondary school. It arises as a result of the teaching practice reflection carried out in Escola Básica de Alcáçovas, Agrupamento de Escolas de Viana do Alentejo, during the school year 2014/2015. In the first part, the main legal guiding documents, concerning the teaching of mother tongue and foreign languages and the teaching practice, are revisited. As a second step, after a brief characterization of School and School Grouping and while as Portuguese teacher, it is presented the work performed by the students of the 3rd cycle of elementary school, as well as a reflection about the chosen pedagogical choices. Subsequently, the carried out activities, the positions held at School and School Grouping are presented, as well as an assessment of what has been done so far.

Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada na Escola Secundária Gabriel Pereira, agrupamento de escolas n,º 4 de Évora EB 2,3 conde de Vilalva e EB1 Jardim de Infância do Bacelo

Este relatório está inserido no âmbito da disciplina Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES), que permitirá a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário. O relatório de estágio aborda o trabalho desenvolvido realizado durante o ano lectivo 2009/201O, como professor estagiário, na Escola EB 2,3 Conde de Vilalva, na Escola Secundária Gabriel Pereira e na Escola Básica 1-Jardim de Infância do Bacelo. No final do estágio foi possível afirmar que o que aprendemos ao longo deste ano lectivo nos acompanhará para o resto da vida profissional e social, uma vez que este estágio curricular veio complementar a formação adquirida durante a Licenciatura, auxiliando na incrementação das competências técnico­ científicas, sociais e pessoais, indispensáveis a esta actividade profissional. ABSTRACT: This report is inserted in the supervised teaching subject, as known as Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES), which purpose is to obtain Master's degree in Physical Education in primary and secondary education. The stage report deals with all the work developed during 2009/201O school year, as a student teacher, in Escola EB 2,3 Conde de Vilalva, Escola Secundária Gabriel Pereira and in Escola Básica 1-Jardim de Infância do Bacelo. At the end of the stage, it was possible to state that what we have learned past this year will be useful and will be with us for the rest of our professional and social life due the formation acquired during graduation, improving technical, scientific, social and personal skills that are vital and indispensable to this professional activity.

Teacher strategies to elicit knowledge from students in the CLIL classroom: the purpose of questions in controlled patterns of teacher-student interaction

This Master Dissertation comprises two parts: a personal reflection and an empirical study. The personal reflection reviews the process of professionalization undergone by its author throughout the Master. The empirical study tackles teacher strategies to elicit knowledge from students in the CLIL classroom and more specifically the purpose of questions in controlled patterns of teacher-student interaction. The theories of relevant authors such as Vigotsky, Mercer and Tsui are used as a framework to analyze the data presented. The analysis shows the different strategies to elicit knowledge used by the teacher and the appropriateness of her questions in the analyzed interaction

A speculative systems model of the dynamic interaction among students, faculty and administration in the community college, with particular reference to intrinsic motivation and the teacher-administrator interface

The challenge the community college faces in helping meet the needs of the living open system of society is examined in this study. It is postulated that internalization student outcomes are required by society to reduce entropy and remain self-renewing. Such behavior is characterized as having an intrinsically motivated energy source and displays the seeking and conquering of challenge, the development of reflective knowledge and skill, full use of all capabilities, internal control, growth orientation, high self-esteem, relativistic thinking and competence. The development of a conceptual systems model that suggests how transactions among students, faculty and administration might occur to best meet the needs of internalization outcomes in students, and intrinsic motivation in faculty is a major purpose of this study. It is a speculative model that is based on a synthesis of a wide variety of variables. Empirical evidence, theoretical considerations, and speculative ideas are gathered together from researchers and theoretici.ans who are working on separate answers to questions of intrinsic motivation, internal control and environments that encourage their development. The model considers the effect administrators·have on faculty anq the corresponding effect faculty may have on students. The major concentration is on the administrator--teacher interface.For administrators the model may serve as a guide in planning effective transactions, and establishing system goals. The teacher is offered a means to coordinate actions toward a specific overall objective, and the administrator, teacher and researcher are invited to use the model to experiment, innovate, verify the assumptions on which the model is based, and raise additional hypotheses. Goals and history of the community colleges in Ontario are examined against current problems, previous progress and open system thinking. The nature of the person as a five part system is explored with emphasis on intrinsic motivation. The nature, operation, conceptualization, and value of this internal energy source is reviewed in detail. The current state of society, education and management theory are considered and the value of intrinsically motivating teaching tasks together with "system four" leadership style are featured. Evidence is reviewed that suggests intrinsically motivated faculty are needed, and "system four" leadership style is the kind of interaction-influence system needed to nurture intrinsic motivation in faculty.

Teacher-Student Rapport: Investigating its Impact on the Dropout Rate in Physical and Health Education

This study was an investigation into whether strong teacher-student rapport relates to the drop-out rates of students in grade 9 and 10 health and physical education (HPE). In the study, One hundred and thirty-six grade 9 students from five high schools in Ontario participated in this study. Findings of whether or not rapport related to students’ decision to take an additional HPE credit beyond grade 9 did not prove conclusive. A significant multivariate interaction effect was not found; however, tests of between-subject effects on sex and grade 10 dropouts showed some interesting trends. More research is needed to further illuminate the link between teacher-student rapport and students’ enrollment in optional HPE classes.

Identifying student and teacher difficulties in interpreting atomic spectra using a quantum model of emission and absorption of radiation

Our study sets out to identify the difficulties that high school students, teachers, and university students encounter when trying to explain atomic spectra. To do so, we identify the key concepts that any quantum model for the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation must include to account for the gas spectra and we then design two questionnaires, one for teachers and the other for students. By analyzing the responses, we conclude that (i) teachers lack a quantum model for the emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation capable of explaining the spectra, (ii) teachers and students share the same difficulties, and (iii) these difficulties concern the model of the atom, the model of radiation, and the model of the interaction between them.

Influencing human interaction in public schools : studies of IPR effectiveness as an inservice teacher training program /

Research performed under contract with the National Institute of Mental Health.