806 resultados para Representações sociais


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Este trabalho analisa relaes da experincia, memria e humor e investiga representações da infncia, da velhice, da loucura e do alcoolismo no romance As Filhas do Arco-ris, de Eulcio Farias de Lacerda e em contos de Primeiras Estrias, de Guimares Rosa, destacando-se que meninos, velhos, cegos e loucos, mesmo marginalizados, podem ser encarados como atores sociais na formao das comunidades. Verifica-se que essas personagens constituem uma coletividade no sentido de evocar a representao de indivduos. Tambm se procura examinar prticas literrias e culturais no mbito do sistema literrio brasileiro, com nfase em regionalismos, oralidade e consideraes sobre literatura e sociedade. desse modo que se busca observar que as obras destacadas esto inseridas numa discusso moderna acerca do desenvolvimento sociocultural. Portanto, a preocupao desta pesquisa deriva da discusso moderna acerca do desenvolvimento social. Diante disso, observa-se nos textos de Guimares Rosa e de Eulcio Farias um tratamento narrativo em torno dessas personagens, enfatizando que as situaes vividas por eles envolvem experincias que os levam a construir, em relao ao contexto social, aspectos de amadurecimento, rememorao, compartilhamento, encantamento, viagem ao desconhecido, movimentos histricos, alegrias e tristezas, sempre demonstrando uma sintonia com a temtica da modernidade. Assim, as condies sociais so interpretadas para evidenciar e confrontar: discriminao, amizade, conflito, respeito, marginalizao, memria social. Ainda so estabelecidas comparaes entre personagens do romance As Filhas do Arco-ris com as de alguns contos de Primeiras Estrias, salientando-se consideraes sobre o narrador, as inter-relaes, regionalismo e relaes entre literatura, organizao e processo social. Esta pesquisa tem por base o conceito de sistema literrio consolidado idealizado por Antonio Candido e os postulados de estudiosos e tericos como: Walter Benjamin, Jacqueline Held, Mikhail Bakhtin, Roland Barthes, Ana Paula Pacheco, Serge Moscovici, Franois Laplantine, Liane Trindade

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Oral health measures directed to children are characterized by the lack of policies that consider the individual and his biopsychosocial aspects. As a consequence, it can be observed that a childs dental experience has normally been prejudged as unpleasant and threatening. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating dental treatment from the childs viewpoint using the theory of social representations for theoretical/methodological support. This theory was selected for being able to build practical knowledge surrounding the interrelations between social actors, the phenomenon and the world around them. The investigation was performed at the Professor Jos Fernandes Machado State School, located in the Ponta Negra district of Natal-RN-Brazil. The participants consisted of 30 children from the public elementary school system in the 6-10 year age group, who had undergone dental treatment within the previous year or were being treated at the time of data collection. An in-depth interview and story drawing within a theme were used as collection instruments. Thematic Content Analysis (Bardin, 2002) was used to analyze the material collected in the interviews, whereas for story drawing within a theme, in addition to content analysis, the data were also analyzed by the Coutinho model (2001). The two instruments demonstrated similarity of content as well as complementarity and contained categories associated to the model for dental treatment in children, the description of the dental office environment., the perception of the image of the dentist, as well as psychological and behavioral manifestations. The results enable us to understand determinate reactions of the children in relation to dental treatment, which has been characterized by its technical-curative approach, where the motive for seeking treatment, the manner in which it is performed and the relation of the dentist with the child are all in evidence. Thus, this study intends not only to reveal the viewpoint of children faced with dental treatment, but also to contribute to a dental practice directed towards them, in this way instilling in the professionals who attend them a more concrete awareness of the needs, anxieties and feelings of these young patients

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The Social Representation Theory provides subsidies to scientifically analyze what is called common sense, suggesting that thought be given credibility to the individual, from the assignment of logic to it. The Representations allow us to interpret, understand, explain and thus classify information, events and people. In this sense, this study aimed to analyze how social representations of the actors of the intinerant traders who operate in Ponta Negra/RN can be used as an element for tourism planning. To achieve the desired goals, we conducted a qualitative study, from a descriptive study, using methods of data collection the research literature, the technique of free association of words and the questionnaire, applied with 90 intinerant traders who work in Ponta Negra/RN beach. As tools of data analysis were used to analyze literature, and software EVOC and SPHINX. This research has revealed the predominance of people in itinerant male, between 18 and 28 years, with incomplete primary education, no contributors of Previdncia Social and working seven days a week. The core elements of representations brings that explain that their knowledge is guided by collectively shared knowledge in the culture of tourism, which is seen as something that brings economics benefits (money) to the society, from the travel and entertainment. The plan represents the forward thinking, based on development plans that seek improvements and organization. The structure and operation of tourism planning in Natal/RN, there were no representation of intinerant traders. It is concluded that understanding the needs of itinerant traders provides grants to developing strategies for the development of tourism. This is achieved from its inclusion in tourism planning, since it enables tourism managers to understand how they are capturing, interpreting and acting on their next reality, since these representations are fundamental in forming opinions and the establishment of individual attitudes and collective. Thus, it is an important theory to be used to subsidize social research with individuals living reality and local needs, but which is the margin of decision-making processes of economic in the Brazil

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To present research had for study object to understand the social representations of the school geography for the students of the Municipal Schools Lions Prata and Dr. Francisco Brasileiro, located in the neighborhood of Catol, and in Santa Terezinha District, respectively, in the municipal district of Campina Grande/PB. The objective of that study consisted of identifying, to understand and to analyze those apprehensions in the form as they are communicated and executed at the school and in the society. That search is due to the fact that the constant reproduction of the same ones in the current world context in that we are inserted doesn't to the understanding of the being's complexity and of the knowledge in the educational and social extent. Like this, we considered urgent their dialogues in practice didactic-pedagogic of the geography for ressignificar the geographical knowledge produced in the city. Authors as Moscovici; Jodelet; Bourdieu; Tuan; Foucault; Castoriadis; Morin among others contributed in the reflexive mediation of the imaginary symbolic emitted by the interior speeches of the 281 (two hundred and eighty and a) researched students. Those corresponded to 64,0% (sixty four) integral of the enrolled ones in the two schools of the municipal public system of teaching (INEP, 2005). A qualitative-quantitative survey was used and its answers were categorized by using the statistical description of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS Program. The freeassociation of words technique was also used in order to verify some information. The results revealed that the social representations of geography are still grounded in fragmented, content-based, positivistic and functional conceptions of man, society and the world. Manifestation of a traditional and organicistic teaching, this unveiling excludes the historical capacity of the students creative construction of knowledge, as well as a competent and demanding educational mediation

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A pesquisa apresentada analisou 27 teses de doutorado e dissertaes de mestrado de programas brasileiros de Ps-Graduao em Educao que usam a teoria de representações sociais para estudar representações de ou sobre professor. Para a realizao dessa anlise foram investigados, principalmente, aspectos metodolgicos relacionados ao uso da TRS, tais como: modo de descrio dos sujeitos da pesquisa e variveis selecionadas nessa caracterizao; descrio do objeto de estudo, sua contextualizao e justificao como objeto de representao social; procedimentos de coleta de dados, sua adequao e justificao; tratamento dos dados; procedimentos de anlise; sntese dos resultados e sua contribuio para a educao, para a formao de professores e para a TRS. Concluiu-se que a TRS pouco explorada nos trabalhos, embora, de modo geral, eles contribuam para aclarar as representações que professores tm a respeito de vrios campos que compem sua vida profissional.

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Neste artigo, a partir da definio do conceito de zona muda das representações sociais, descrevemos as tcnicas de substituio e de descontextualizao normativa desenvolvidas pela Escola de Aix-en-Provence para revelar as representações escondidas ou mascaradas em funo de sua inadequao s normas sociais vigentes no grupo de referncia dos respondentes de questionrios. A seguir, relatamos os primeiros estudos realizados com a inteno de revelar elementos representacionais da zona muda de representações e os estudos atuais sobre esse conceito e descrevemos e discutimos trs possveis explicaes para a mudana de representações em situaes de substituio ou de descontextualizao normativa: a projeo de representações condenveis pelas normas sociais a outros grupos de representao quando os sujeitos falam por outros grupos e no por si mesmo; o efeito da transparncia de representações quando so descritas as representações de grupos conhecidos; o efeito da influncia social de normas ou de representações proeminentes no grupo de pertena.

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Esta pesquisa apresenta a avaliao de 18 infraes que 480 adolescentes realizaram numa escala de 6 pontos. Anlises de correspondncia entre as formas de avaliar as infraes e vrias caractersticas da amostra evidenciaram que os meninos, os adolescentes de escolas particulares e os de melhor renda tenderam a avaliar as infraes com mais notas mdias que altas e atriburam s infraes que ameaam a vida humana as notas mais altas. As meninas, os adolescentes de classes sociais mais baixas tenderam a atribuir notas mais altas a todas as infraes, avaliando-as mais severamente. Os dados foram discutidos com base na teoria de Representao Social.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as principais representações sociais de lei, justia e injustia apresentadas por jovens argentinos e brasileiros. O grupo de brasileiros constituiu-se de 621 pesquisandos, de trs regies distintas: Floriano/PI, Erechim/RS e Marlia/SP. da Argentina, participaram 200 jovens da cidade de Avellaneda (regio metropolitana de Buenos Aires). Os grupos foram proporcionalmente divididos conforme o tipo de escola (pblica e particular) e o ano escolar freqentado (8 ano do Ensino Fundamental e 3 ano do Ensino Mdio, considerando-se os graus equivalentes na Argentina). O instrumento de coleta de dados constituiu-se de um questionrio semidirigido, composto pela tcnica de evocao livre de palavras. O procedimento utilizado para a avaliao dos resultados foi a Anlise de Correspondncia (ANACOR). Os resultados demonstraram variaes importantes relacionadas nacionalidade dos jovens e foram discutidos de forma a contextualizarem-se as representações apresentadas.

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Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP)

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Ps-graduao em Educao Escolar - FCLAR

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Ps-graduao em Educao - FCT

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Ps-graduao em Educao - FCT